Effects of artemisinin derivatives on malaria transmissibility

Paiphun, Lucy; Luxemburger, Christine; Chongsuphajaisiddhi, T; Price, Ric N.; Nosten, François; White, Nicholas J.; Kuile, Feiko O. ter

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)91488-9

Cited by 414 publications

(329 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…13 Failure rates were estimated by survival analysis with the KaplanMeier method. Patients who did not complete follow-up or had a new infection were censored at the time they were last seen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and effectiveness of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus artesunate-mefloquine in falciparum malaria: an open-label randomised comparison

Smithuis¹,

Kyaw²,

Phe³

et al. 2006

The Lancet

137

104

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CitationEfficacy SummaryBackground Artemisinin-based combinations are judged the best treatments for multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Artesunate-mefl oquine is widely recommended in southeast Asia, but its high cost and tolerability profi le remain obstacles to widespread deployment. To assess whether dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine is a suitable alternative to artesunate-mefl oquine, we compared the safety, tolerability, effi cacy, and eff ectiveness of the two regimens for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum in western Myanmar (Burma).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and effectiveness of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus artesunate-mefloquine in falciparum malaria: an open-label randomised comparison

Smithuis¹,

Kyaw²,

Phe³

et al. 2006

The Lancet

137

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In addition, artemisinin and its derivatives are effective against chloroquine-resistant strains (Qinghaosu Antimalarial Coordinating Research Group 1979;Bunnag et al 1991) and antigametocydal (Price et al 1996). Since artemisinin and its derivatives have a high recrudescence rate (Qinghaosu Antimalarial Coordinating Research Group 1979), it can only effectively be used when combined with another long-acting drug, in this case benflumetol.…”

Section: A Irion Et Al Distinction Of Recrudescences From New Infecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinction of recrudescences from new infections by pcr‐rflp analysis in a comparative trial of cgp 56 697 and chloroquine in Tanzanian children.

Irion

Felger

Abdulla

et al. 1998

Tropical Med Int Health

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SummaryOBJECTIVE To test the efficacy of a new compound drug (CGP 56 697) against acute, uncomplicated falciparum malaria. METHOD Reappearing parasites were analysed by PCR-RFLP within a randomized controlled trial. 130 patients received chloroquine and 130 patients were treated with CGP 56 697. Samples from 96 patients with parasitological failure were tested by PCR-RFLP for MSP2 of Plasmodium falciparum. Seven days after treatment 32 patients of the chloroquine control group with reappearing parasites were tested by PCR and one infection was unequivocally determined as a new infection. After 7 days, in the CGP 56 697 group, 6 samples were tested in which one new infection was identified. Similar observations were made one and three weeks later in both groups. RESULTS Although a high multiplicity of infections on admission was observed, there was no significant correlation between multiplicity and either recrudescence or new infection. Patients in both treatment groups with subsequent recrudescent parasites had higher initial mean parasite densities than patients who cleared. Those of the patients with recrudescent parasites who were treated with CGP 56 697 had higher initial parasite densities than those treated with chloroquine. The rate of re-infection increased with time as expected in holoendemic areas and appeared to be higher in chloroquine patients. Generally, CGP 56 697 showed a superior clearance rate, successfully cleared higher parasite densities and suppressed new infections over a longer period of time. CONCLUSION The PCR analysis confirmed that reinfections beyond day 7 are significant in areas highly endemic for malaria and showed the necessity of excluding these when estimating 14 day clearance rates. Provided new infections are excluded, the 28-day clearance rate can also be used to determine the efficacy of antimalarial drugs in highly endemic areas, and adds to our knowledge of drug resistance and dynamics of infections in people living in such areas. keywords malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, drug treatment, resistance, polymerase chain reaction, artemether, benflumetol correspondence Hans-Peter Beck, Swiss Tropical Institute,

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“…falciparum gametocytes (Abay, 2013;Butcher, 1997;Lucantoni et al, 2013;Mackerras and Ercole, 1949;Price et al, 1996;White et al, 2014), they are not effective at clinically relevant concentrations on the late stage, transmittable gametocytes. There is therefore an urgent need to find new safe and efficacious transmission blocking drugs that can target late stage gametocytes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum early and late stage gametocyte viability by extracts from eight traditionally used South African plant species

Moyo

Botha

Nondaba

et al. 2016

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

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Effects of artemisinin derivatives on malaria transmissibility

Cited by 414 publications

References 14 publications

Efficacy and effectiveness of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus artesunate-mefloquine in falciparum malaria: an open-label randomised comparison

Efficacy and effectiveness of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine versus artesunate-mefloquine in falciparum malaria: an open-label randomised comparison

Distinction of recrudescences from new infections by pcr‐rflp analysis in a comparative trial of cgp 56 697 and chloroquine in Tanzanian children.

In vitro inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum early and late stage gametocyte viability by extracts from eight traditionally used South African plant species

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