Effects of Arsenic Trioxide on Radiofrequency Ablation of VX2 Liver Tumor: Intraarterial versus Intravenous Administration

Abstract

Objective Arsenic trioxide (As 2 O 3 ) can be used as a possible pharmaceutical alternative that augments radiofrequency (RF) ablation by reducing tumor blood flow. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of intraarterial and intravenous administration of As 2 O 3 on RF-induced ablation in an experimentally induced liver tumor. Materials and Methods VX2 carcinoma was grown in the livers of 30 rabbits. As 2 O 3 (1 mg/kg) was administered through the hepatic artery (n = 10, group A) or ear vein (n = 10, group B), 30 minutes before RF ablation (125 mA ± 35; 90 ± 5℃). As a control group, 10 rabbits were treated with RF ablation alone (group C). RF was intentionally applied to the peripheral margin of the tumor so that ablation can cover the tumor and adjacent hepatic parenchyma. Ablation areas of the tumor and adjacent parenchymal changes among three groups were compared by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test. Results The overall ablation areas were 156 ± 28.9 mm 2 (group A), 119 ± 31.7 (group B), and 92 ± 17.4 (group C, p < 0.04). The ablation area of the tumor was significantly larger in group A (73 ± 19.7 mm 2 ) than both group B (50 ± 19.4, p = 0.02) and group C (28 ± 2.2, p < 0.01). The ratios of the tumoral ablation area to the overall ablation area were larger in group A (47 ± 10.5%) than that of the other groups (42 ± 7.3% in group B and 32 ± 5.6% in group C) ( p < 0.03). Conclusion Radiofrequency-induced ablation area can be increased with intraarterial or intravenous administration of As 2 O 3 . The intraarterial administration of As 2 O 3 seems to be helpful for the selective ablation of the tumor.

Randomized clinical control study of locoregional therapy combined with arsenic trioxide for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

“…A decreased glutathione level leads to increased reactive oxygen species accumulation, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, enhanced cytochrome C and proapoptotic factor release from the mitochondria, and activated caspase family effectors, which subsequently induce cell apoptosis . Moreover, As 2 O 3 suppresses angiogenesis by inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) . Recent studies also indicate that As 2 O 3 is capable of inhibiting liver CSCs .…”

Dual Switching Monopolar Radiofrequency Ablation Using a Separable Clustered Electrode: Comparison with Consecutive and Switching Monopolar Modes inEx VivoBovine Livers

“…Recent technical development of the electrode design, improved ablation algorithms, and simplification of the exact electrode placement procedure using new, real-time fusion techniques of pre-interventional CT/MRI images or biplane fluoroscopic images with intra-interventional ultrasound have the potential to reduce the variable and sometimes the high rate of local tumor progression (12, 13). At the same time, there is a large clinical demand to improve the efficacy of RFA in order to create larger coagulation necrosis (14-17). The recent techniques that are used to improve the efficacy of the radiofrequency (RF) device in order to increase the coagulation with a single application include multiple electrode RFA in the switching monopolar (SM) (7, 18-20), bipolar or multipolar (20, 21) modes.…”

Ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation enhances natural killer-mediated antitumor immunity against liver cancer

“…The VX2 is a fast-growing adenocarcinoma cell line, which has been extensively used to study various aspects of tumor behavior ( 38 ). To establish the rabbit liver tumor model, a VX2 cell suspension was inoculated into the sub-capsule of the left anterior lobe of the rabbit liver.…”