Effects of Aromatase Inhibition on the Physical Activity Levels of Male Mice

Bowen, Robert S.; Ferguson, David P.; Lightfoot, J. Timothy

doi:10.4172/2157-7536.s1-001

Cited by 15 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…There was an early study by Iversen (1993) evaluating reinforcing properties of the wheel in female rats by making access contingent upon lever pressing, though this study didn’t include males, thus no studies in the literature directly compare the sexes. Sex differences in voluntary exercise are well documented, though the pattern of results is complex, and the mechanisms are not at all understood (see, for instance Bowen et al, 2011, 2012 or Lightfoot 2008 for reviews).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Self‐Administration of EtOH: Sex‐Dependent Modulation by Running Wheel Access in C57BL/6J Mice

Piza-Palma

Barfield

Brown

et al. 2014

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background The effects of stress, including neuroendocrine and behavioral sequelae aimed at maintaining homeostasis, are associated with increased alcohol consumption. Because both stress and drinking are multifactorial, the mechanisms underlying the relationship are difficult to elucidate. We therefore employed an animal model investigating the influence of blocked access to a running wheel on drinking in C57BL/6J (B6) mice. Methods In the first experiment, naïve, adult male and female subjects were individually housed for 2 weeks with 24hr access to a running wheel and 12% EtOH in a 2-bottle, free choice paradigm. After determining baseline consumption and preference, experimental subjects had the running wheel placed in a locked position for 6hr, and the EtOH bottle was removed during the first half of this period. Two subsequent experiments, again in adult, naïve B6 mice, examined the influence of locked running wheels on self-administration of 20% EtOH in a limited access paradigm, and blood EtOH concentrations (BECs) were determined. Results In all three studies, using both between and within subject analyses, females showed transient yet reliable increases in alcohol drinking during blocked access to a rotating activity, while drinking in male mice was largely insensitive to this manipulation, though both sexes showed appreciable BECs (>130 mg/dL in females, and 80 mg/dL in males) following a 2hr EtOH access period. Conclusions These data add to a burgeoning literature suggesting that the factors contributing to excessive alcohol use differ between males and females, and that females may be especially sensitive to the influence of wheel manipulation. Elucidating the sex-dependent mechanisms mediating differences in alcohol sensitivity and response is critical to understanding the causes of alcoholism and in developing effective treatments and interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Self‐Administration of EtOH: Sex‐Dependent Modulation by Running Wheel Access in C57BL/6J Mice

Piza-Palma

Barfield

Brown

et al. 2014

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…Activation of this axis by low salt leads to increased sympathetic drive, elevated plasma EO and increased arterial myogenic- and evoked-tone that together help to sustain or even raise BP 26 . Recent evidence 12 , confirms 27 the notion that circulating EO behaves as a vasopressor stress hormone that changes during volume expansion and also in circumstances where blood pressure falls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…EO is a vasopressor stress hormone stimulated by the decline in blood pressure that occurs, for example, during cardio-pulmonary by-pass 12 . EO has a sustained vasopressor action and, in response to the stress of a low salt intake, the increase in EO is believed to help minimize an excessive decline in BP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lanosterol Synthase Gene Polymorphisms and Changes in Endogenous Ouabain in the Response to Low Sodium Intake

et al. 2016

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Circulating levels of endogenous ouabain (EO), a vasopressor hormone of adrenocortical origin, are increased by sodium depletion. Further, lanosterol synthase (LSS), an enzyme involved in cholesterol biosynthesis, has a missense polymorphism (rs2254524 V642L) that affects EO biosynthesis in adrenocortical cells. Here we investigated the hypothesis that LSS rs2254524 alleles in vivo impact the BP and EO responses evoked by a low dietary Na intake (<100 mEq/day, 2 weeks) among patients with mild essential hypertension. During the low salt diet, the declines in both systolic (−8.7±1.7 vs −3.0±1.5 p= 0.013), and diastolic (−5.1±0.98 vs −1.4±0,.94 mmHg, p<0.05) BP and the slope of the long-term pressure-natriuresis relationship were affected significantly by the presence of the LSS rs2254524 A variant (AA: 0.71±0,22, AC 0.09±0.13, CC 0.04±0.11 mEq/mmHg/24h, p=0.028). In addition, BP rose in ~25% of the patients in response to the low salt diet and this was associated with increased circulating EO. LSS gene polymorphisms influence both the salt-sensitivity of BP and changes in circulating EO in response to a low salt diet. The response of BP and EO to the low salt diet is markedly heterogeneous. Approximately 25% of patients experienced adverse effects i.e., increased BP and EO when salt intake was reduced and may be at increased long-term risk. The augmented response of EO to the low salt diet further supports the view that adrenocortical function is abnormal in some essential hypertensives.

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“…, ; Bowen et al. , ). In particular, researchers have sought to elucidate the effects of the androgens and estrogens on physical activity levels in C57BL/6J mice demonstrating a significant sex steroid effect on wheel running parameters (Ogawa et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of varying doses of estrogen and caudal pressure on wheel running in orchidectomized male mice

et al. 2018

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Physical inactivity is a leading cause of hypokinetic diseases – obesity, heart disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancers. Increased city walkability, better access to fitness facilities, and remediation of socioeconomic barriers prove successful for limited populations within the confines of stringently controlled environments; however, these strategies fail to reverse the ever‐increasing physical inactivity epidemic on a global scale indicating the existence of other unidentified factors. These purported biological factors remain critical targets to understand the regulation of this complex phenotype. An estrogenic mechanism that incompletely or slowly adjusts physical activity levels following reintroduction of estrogenic compounds to surgically gonadectomized mice has been postulated to exist. Currently, this mechanism remains scrutinized due to concerns that elevated estrogen levels induce urinary bladder distension. The distension of the urinary bladder may mechanically disrupt physical activity, masking any physiological effects estrogen has on physical activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of estrogen on physical activity levels while employing dose‐related strategies to alleviate distension in mice. Wheel running data were collected under normal physiological conditions, following removal of endogenous sex steroids via orchidectomy, and during estrogen replacement at various doses (0%, 10%, 50% or 100% estrogen‐containing implants) to induce varying degrees of urinary bladder distension. Wheel running distance (P = 0.005) and duration (P = 0.006) decreased after orchidectomy, but slowly increased following estrogen replacement. During the study, wheel running did not return to the levels observed in physiologically intact mice. Significant distension was not observed between estrogen treatment groups indicating that a slow‐responding estrogen effect exists in male mice that prevents wheel running from returning to normal levels immediately following steroid reintroduction. The limited increase in wheel running during estrogen treatment following orchidectomy is not an artifact of induced urinary bladder distension.

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Effects of Aromatase Inhibition on the Physical Activity Levels of Male Mice

Cited by 15 publications

References 47 publications

Oral Self‐Administration of EtOH: Sex‐Dependent Modulation by Running Wheel Access in C57BL/6J Mice

Oral Self‐Administration of EtOH: Sex‐Dependent Modulation by Running Wheel Access in C57BL/6J Mice

Lanosterol Synthase Gene Polymorphisms and Changes in Endogenous Ouabain in the Response to Low Sodium Intake

Effects of varying doses of estrogen and caudal pressure on wheel running in orchidectomized male mice

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