Effects of arginine glutamate (RE:pair) on wound healing and skin elasticity improvement after CO₂ laser irradiation

Abstract

Background: Glutamic acid is known to be effective for keratinocyte proliferation, but its dermatological application is limited due to its poor solubility in water and various solvents.Aim: Here, the efficacy of the arginine glutamate ion pair (named as RE:pair) for recovering damaged skin and improving skin elasticity was investigated through the analysis of keratinocyte proliferation and collagen synthesis.Methods: Following the structural analysis of RE:pair using spectroscopic methods, a scratch assay, and Pro-Collagen I ELISA, skin tissue changes in wound-induced artificial skin, changes in wound area after laser wound induction, and the sensory evaluation of skin improvement were investigated.Results: As a result of scratch assay, wound recovery of 94.55% ± 9.57% was confirmed at 10 ppm RE:pair treatment. When evaluation of expression efficacy of procollagen type I, it was found that the expression rate was increased by 32.47% ± 5.62% compared with the control group. Further, the upregulation of the proliferation marker Ki-67 and filaggrin expression in the damage-induced artificial skin was verified.Clinically, the improvement was subjectively verified in terms of the reduction of the wound area, the restoration of the barrier, the improvement of skin elasticity, and through the sensory experience of skin improvement. Conclusion:RE:pair shows a greater therapeutic effect than the individual effects of its constituent amino acids and those of the simple mixtures of these compounds. RE:pair exerts its therapeutic action by promoting the proliferation of keratinocytes and enhancing collagen synthesis in fibroblasts. Accordingly, it can be used throughout the cosmetic industry as an effective amino acid wound healing and skin elasticity improving material.

Anti‐acne activity of carnitine salicylate and magnolol through the regulation of exfoliation, lipogenesis, bacterial growth and inflammation

“…In previous research, we have been conducting studies on the formation of IPs through intermolecular bonds (hydrogen bonds or dipole-dipole interactions) and their effects to (1) increase the solubility of poorly soluble substances, or (2) increase skin permeation efficacy. 26,27 As a synergistic effect verified by applying IP-BHA and magnolol together, MIC against C. acnes increased by 62.5 times and 2.5 times, respectively, compared to IP-BHA and magnolol alone. Along with a direct antibacterial effect, a necessary factor for bacterial inhibition is to reduce sebum secretion.…”

“…The intermolecular bonding between salicylic acid and carnitine was analyzed through FT‐IR and absorbance spectra. In previous research, we have been conducting studies on the formation of IPs through intermolecular bonds (hydrogen bonds or dipole‐dipole interactions) and their effects to (1) increase the solubility of poorly soluble substances, or (2) increase skin permeation efficacy 26,27 . As a synergistic effect verified by applying IP‐BHA and magnolol together, MIC against C. acnes increased by 62.5 times and 2.5 times, respectively, compared to IP‐BHA and magnolol alone.…”

Efficacy and Safety of a Cosmetic Formulation Containing Arginine Glutamate in Patients with Burn Scars

“…Despite these advantages, glutamate has a low solubility in water [7.5 g/L (20 °C)], making it difficult to include it in high concentrations in cosmetics and moisture ointments. This formula overcomes the limitations by creating an emollient with ion pair of arginine and glutamate and increasing the skin permeability of both amino acids [19].…”

“…One prior study demonstrated the beneficial effects of arginine glutamate ion pair (known as RE:pair) on wound healing and enhancement of skin elasticity following CO2 laser irradiation. Glutamate, an ingredient in RE: pair, has been shown to promote keratinocyte proliferation [19]. In the skin, glutamate plays a vital role in metabolism and function, including collagen biosynthesis in fibroblasts [20].…”

Enhancement of Exfoliating Effects through the Novel Cosmetic Ingredient Mandelic acid_Carnitine Ion‐Pairing Complex

“…Consequently, this technology holds significant appeal for enhancing the efficient absorption and efficacy of cosmetic active ingredients. [18][19][20] In this study, we synthesized the Mandelic acid_Carnitine ion pairing complex (M_C complex) to develop a novel ingredient with effective exfoliating efficacy even under mildly acidic pH conditions (at pH 4.5) and characterized its structure using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The ion-pairing formation was confirmed through color changes in a simple solution.…”