Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on severity of root rot of bananas caused by <i>Cylindrocladium spathiphylli</i>

Declerck, Stéphane; Risède, Jean-Michel; Rufyikiri, Gervais; Delvaux, Bruno

doi:10.1046/j.0032-0862.2001.656.x

Cited by 53 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…This suggests the positive benefit of mycorrhizal association during stressed condition than in stress-free condition. Similar kind of observation was made by Declerck et al (2002) on severity in bananas caused by Cylindrocladium spathiphylli. There have been many attributed operative mechanism of pathogen suppression by VAM which may be physical, physiological, biological and in biochemical changes.…”

Section: Total Biomasssupporting

confidence: 53%

Management of Stem-rot of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar in Field

Doley

Jite

2013

Not Sci Biol

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The present experiment was conducted at University of Pune for biocontrol of soil-borne plant pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii by incorporating arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus fasciculatum) and conventional system of cultivation with different spacing pattern (15 and 30 cm) in field. Both mycorrhizal inoculation and 30 cm spacing pattern significantly increased growth and yield as compared to control or 15 cm spacing pattern. The pathogenic mycorrhizal groundnut plants in 30 as well as 15 cm spacing pattern showed better growth in terms of plant height, leaf and pod number, fresh and dry weight of whole groundnut plant in comparison to non-mycorrhizal pathogenic ones and the plant growth was better in 30 spacing than 15 cm. The colonization by AM fungi in both spacing pattern was higher in absence of pathogen S. rolfsii. However, pathogen's presence decreased the mycorrhizal colonization considerably in 30 and 15 cm. The disease severity and incidence were recorded to be lowered when inoculated with mycorrhiza in pathogenic groundnut plants as compared to non-mycorrhizal pathogenic ones in both spacing pattern and incidence and severity was significantly lower in 30 cm as compared to 15 cm. Therefore, it was observed from our results that for management of soil-borne pathogens inoculation of AM fungi and spacing patterns are necessary.

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Section: Total Biomasssupporting

confidence: 53%

Management of Stem-rot of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar in Field

Doley

Jite

2013

Not Sci Biol

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“…Piquillo against V. dahliae, the effectiveness of AMF in controlling soil borne pathogens can be affected by several biotic and abiotic factors (Singh et al, 2000). In fact, different Glomus species can exhibit different degree of success as bioprotector agents against a particular pathogen (Habte et al, 1999;Declerck et al, 2002). In a study focused on testing the ability of G. deserticola, G. mosseae and G. intraradices as hypothetical bioprotector agents against Verticillium-induced wilt in pepper, Garmendia et al (2004c) concluded that only G. deserticola was effective to avoid great yield reductions in diseased pepper plants (Fig.…”

Section: Final Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as bioprotector agents against wilt induced by Verticillium spp. in pepper: a review

Goicoechea¹,

Garmendia²,

Sánchez‐Díaz³

et al. 2013

Span. j. agric. res.

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Verticillium dahliae Kleb. is a vascular pathogen that alters water status and growth of pepper plants and causes drastic reductions in yield. Its control is difficult because it can survive in field soil for several years. The application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as bioprotector agents against V. dahliae is an alternative to the use of chemicals which, in addition, is more respectful with the environment. The establishment of the mutualistic association of plant roots and AMF involves a continuous cellular and molecular dialogue between both symbionts that includes the preactivation of plant defense responses that may enhance the resistance or tolerance of mycorrhizal plants to soil-borne pathogens. Some AMF can improve the resistance of Capsicum annuum L. against V. dahliae. This is especially relevant for pepper cultivars (i.e. cv. Piquillo) that exhibit high susceptibility to this pathogen. Compared with non-mycorrhizal plants, mycorrhizal pepper can exhibit more balanced antioxidant metabolism in leaves along the first month after pathogen inoculation, which may contribute to delay both the development of disease symptoms and the decrease of photosynthesis in Verticillium-inoculated plants with the subsequent benefit for yield. In stems, mycorrhizal pepper show earlier and higher deposition of lignin in xylem vessels than nonmycorrhizal plants, even in absence of the pathogen. Moreover, AMF can induce new isoforms of acidic chitinases and superoxide dismutase in roots. Mycorrhizal-specif ic induction of these enzymatic activities together with enhanced peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in roots may also be involved in the bioprotection of Verticillium-induced wilt in pepper by AMF.Additional key words: biological control, Capsicum annuum, mycorrhizal symbiosis, Verticillium dahliae Kleb. ResumenRevisión. Los hongos micorrícico arbusculares (MA) como agentes bioprotectores del pimiento frente a la seca inducida por Verticillium spp.Verticillium dahliae Kleb. altera el estado hídrico y el crecimiento de las plantas de pimiento y reduce la producción del fruto. El empleo de hongos micorrícico arbusculares (MA) como bioprotectores contra V. dahliae es una alternativa al uso de productos químicos más respetuosa para el medio ambiente. La asociación entre las raí-ces de las plantas y los hongos MA conlleva un diálogo celular y molecular entre ambos simbiontes, que incluye la preactivación de respuestas de defensa en la planta, lo cual puede incrementar la resistencia o tolerancia de las plantas micorrizadas hacia los patógenos edáficos. Algunos hongos MA incrementan la resistencia del pimiento (Capsicum annuum L.) contra V. dahliae. Esto es especialmente relevante cuando el cultivar (cv. Piquillo, por ejemplo) es muy susceptible hacia el patógeno. En comparación con las plantas no micorrizadas, las hojas de las plantas de pimiento micorrizadas muestran un metabolismo antioxidante más equilibrado a lo largo del primer mes tras la inoculación del patógeno, lo que puede retrasar el desc...

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“…At least under controlled conditions, some varieties of banana exhibit a high mycorrhizal dependency (Declerck et al 1995a). Interactions between AM fungi and Cylindrocladium spathiphylli (Declerck et al 2002) and R. similis (Elsen et al 2001) decrease both the populations of pathogens and disease severity in banana plants. These recent results should be confirmed by field experiments.…”

Section: High-input Cropping Systems In Tropical Areas: Banana Monocumentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cropping systems

Plenchette¹,

Clermont-Dauphin²,

Meynard³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Plant Sci.

173

111

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Plencette, C., Clermont-Dauphin, C., Meynard, J. M. and Fortin, J. A. 2005. Managing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cropping systems. Can. J. Plant Sci. 85: 31-40. Market globalization, demographic pressure, and environmental degradation have led us to reconsider many of our current agricultural systems. The heavy use of chemical inputs, including fertilizers and pesticides, has resulted in pollution, decreased biodiversity in intensively-farmed regions, degradation of fragile agro-ecosystems, and prohibitive costs for many farmers. Low input sustainable cropping systems should replace conventional agriculture, but this requires a more comprehensive understanding of the biological interactions within agro-ecosystems. Mycorrhizal fungi appear to be the most important telluric organisms to consider. Mycorrhizae, which result from a symbiosis between these fungi and plant roots, are directly involved in plant mineral nutrition, the control of plant pathogens, and drought tolerance. Most horticultural and crop plants are symbiotic with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Mycorrhizal literature is abundant, showing that stimulation of plant growth can be mainly attributed to improved phosphorous nutrition. Although the mycorrhizal potential of its symbiosis to improve crop production is widely recognized, it is not implemented in agricultural systems. There is an urgent need to improve and widely apply analytical methods to evaluate characteristics such as, relative field mycorrhizal dependency, soil mycorrhizal infectivity, and mycorrhizal receptivity of soil. Decreased use of fertilizers, pesticides, and tillage will favour arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. However, shifting from one system to a more sustainable one is not easy since all components of the cropping system are closely linked. Different cases, from actual agricultural practices in different countries, are analyzed to highlight situations in which mycorrhizae might or might not play a role in developing more sustainable agriculture. Key words:Cropping systems, mycorrhizae, sustainability, technical itineraries, rotation Plencette, C., Clermont-Dauphin, C., Meynard, J. M. et Fortin, J. A. 2005. Gestion des champignons mycorchiziens a arbuscules dans les systemes de culture. Can. J. Plant Sci. 85: 31-40. La globalisation mondiale du marché, la pression démographique et la dégradation de l'environnement ont, dans plusieurs parties du monde, mené à une réévaluation des systèmes agricoles actuels. Les modifications de l'environnement montrent que l'utilisation des engrais et des pesticides a atteint ses limites : pollution et perte de biodiversité dans les régions d'agriculture intensive, dégradation des systèmes agricoles les plus fragiles, coûts prohibitifs pour les producteurs les plus pauvres. L'agriculture conventionnelle doit s'orienter vers des pratiques plus durables, mais les systèmes de culture durable à faibles intrants ne pourront être viables que par une meilleure connaissance et maîtrise des interactions biologiques dans ces agro-systèmes. Les champign...

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Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on severity of root rot of bananas caused by Cylindrocladium spathiphylli

Cited by 53 publications

References 33 publications

Management of Stem-rot of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar in Field

Management of Stem-rot of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivar in Field

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as bioprotector agents against wilt induced by Verticillium spp. in pepper: a review

Managing arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cropping systems

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