Effects of anxiety on the processing of fearful and happy faces: An event-related potential study

Holmes, Amanda; Nielsen, Maria Kragh; Green, Simon

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2007.10.003

Cited by 158 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…On both the P1 and the N1 components, high socially-anxious participants showed more positive amplitudes than low socially-anxious participants, a pattern that continued at the trend level in the P2 component. These findings are consistent with those from Holmes, Nielsen, and Green (2008), in which event related potentials from high-and lowanxious individuals were recorded while participants were viewing centrally presented angry faces. High-anxious individuals showed greater P1 amplitude when viewing an angry face than did low-anxious individuals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In the present study, all trials included angry faces. It is therefore possible that like the findings of Holmes, et al (2008), high-anxious individuals in the current study showed an enhanced P1 and a reduced N1, a pattern similar to the P1 and EPN findings in the Holmes, et al study. The enhanced P1 seen in high-anxious individuals may be taken as a sign of increased sensory processing of the faces, most likely due to projections from the amygdala or other motivational centers to the visual cortex (Lang, Bradley, et al, 1998;Pourtois, Grandjean, Sander, and Vuilleumier, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…This could explain the lack of change in the ERPs of high socially-anxious individuals between threat prime trials and neutral prime trials. While the electrophysiological response to a stimulus with a threat cue will be different than the response to a stimulus with only safety cues (Holmes, Nielsen, & Green, 2008), there may not be large differences between the response to a stimulus with one threat cue vs. multiple threat cues. Thus, if threat primes are leading high socially-anxious individuals to interpret both the threat face and neutral face as threatening, their bias scores would disappear, but their ERPs to the faces stimulus would remain the same as on neutral prime trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have used this approach to investigate attentional allocation during manual reaction time tasks (reviewed in Awh & Jonides, 1998). In addition, several studies have used ERP methodologies to study threat-related processing in anxious vs. non-anxious individuals (e.g., Rossignol, Anselme, Vermeulen, Philippot, & Campanella, 2007;Bar-Haim, Lamy, & Glickman, 2005;Holmes, Nielsen, & Green, 2008). Three ERP components are particularly relevant to the current study, the P1, N1, and P2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Affective primes suppress attention bias to threat in socially anxious individuals

Helfinstein

White

Bar‐Haim

2008

Behaviour Research and Therapy

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Anxious individuals show an attention bias towards threatening information. However, under conditions of sustained environmental threat this otherwise-present attention bias disappears. It remains unclear whether this suppression of attention bias can be caused by a transient activation of the fear system. In the present experiment, high socially-anxious and low socially-anxious individuals (HSA group, n = 12; LSA group, n = 12) performed a modified dot-probe task in which they were shown either a neutral or socially threatening prime word prior to each trial. EEG was collected and ERP components to the prime and faces displays were computed. The behavioral results indicated that HSA individuals show an attention bias to threat after a neutral prime, but no attention bias after a threatening prime, demonstrating that suppression of attention bias can occur after a transient activation of the fear system. Low Socially Anxious individuals showed an opposite pattern: no evidence of a bias to threat with neutral primes but induction of an attention bias to threat following threat primes. ERP results suggested differential processing of the primes and faces displays by HSA and LSA individuals. However, no group by prime interaction was found for any of ERP components.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Affective primes suppress attention bias to threat in socially anxious individuals

Helfinstein

White

Bar‐Haim

2008

Behaviour Research and Therapy

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“…D'autres études ont montré des modulations émotionnelles de l'onde P1 du PE visuel, en réponse à des visages mais aussi à d'autres types de stimuli et incluant des modulations par une émotion positive (de joie) [6,9]. Ces influences émotionnelles pourraient être accrues chez les sujets présentant un niveau d'anxiété élevé [12]. En d'autres termes, la détection cérébrale précoce des émotions pourrait varier en fonction de traits de personnalité individuels.…”

Section: Une Détection Précoce ?unclassified

La détection cérébrale précoce des émotions

George¹

2011

Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique

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International audienceAu sens littéral, les émotions sont ce qui nous fait sortir de nous. Elles ont fondamentalement un versant somatique, en tant que réponses comportementales à des stimuli externes ou internes, et un versant psychique, en tant qu'expériences subjectives, ressenties par le sujet. La perception émotionnelle, c'est-à-dire la détection et l'évaluation du caractère émotionnel de stimuli, est caractérisée par des phénomènes de capture attentionnelle et d'amplification perceptive, qui peuvent aboutir à une détection consciente et un traitement accru des stimuli émotionnels. Les modèles actuels proposent que l'amygdale jouerait un rôle central dans la détection cérébrale précoce des émotions. Cet article présente les preuves en faveur de tels modèles, en développant particulièrement les études récentes relatives aux modulations émotionnelles des réponses cérébrales précoces aux stimuli visuels (C1 et P1) observées en électro et magnéto-encéphalographie (EEG-MEG)

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Attentional biases to emotional stimuli: Key components of the RDoC constructs of sustained threat and loss

Gibb

McGeary

Beevers³

2015

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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Biased attention to emotional stimuli plays a key role in the RDoC constructs of Sustained Threat and Loss. In this article, we review approaches to assessing these biases, their links with psychopathology, and the underlying neural influences. We then review evidence from twin and candidate gene studies regarding genetic influences on attentional biases. We also discuss the impact of developmental and environmental influences and end with a number of suggestions for future research in this area.

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Effects of anxiety on the processing of fearful and happy faces: An event-related potential study

Cited by 158 publications

References 85 publications

Affective primes suppress attention bias to threat in socially anxious individuals

Affective primes suppress attention bias to threat in socially anxious individuals

La détection cérébrale précoce des émotions

Attentional biases to emotional stimuli: Key components of the RDoC constructs of sustained threat and loss

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