Effects of antioxidants on the microleakage of composite resin restorations after external tooth bleaching

Abstract

Objective:To compare the effects of three antioxidants (sodium ascorbate, sodium ascorbate combined with a surfactant, and catalase) on the microleakage of composite resin restorations after external tooth bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide.Materials and Methods:Buccal cavities were prepared on the surface of 60 intact premolars, which were randomly divided into six groups. All cavities were filled with composite resin. In group 1, teeth were not bleached; in group 2, cavities were filled immediately after bleaching; in group 3, cavities were delay-filled for 3 weeks; in group 4, cavities were treated with sodium ascorbate after bleaching and then filled; in group 5, cavities were treated with sodium ascorbate combined with surfactant after bleaching and then filled; and in group 6, cavities were treated with catalase after bleaching and then filled. Microleakage of the restorations was measured from sections using a stereomicroscope.Results:Group 1 displayed the least amount of microleakage, while group 2 showed the greatest amount of microleakage (P < 0.05). Groups 3 and 4 were similar to group 2 (P > 0.05). However, groups 5 and 6 showed a significantly lower amount of microleakage compared to group 2 (P < 0.05).Conclusion:Microleakage increased significantly after external bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide, and decreased when the bleached teeth were treated with sodium ascorbate combined with Tween® 80, or with catalase. Catalase was more effective in decreasing microleakage, while delayed filling or treatment with sodium ascorbate alone did not effectively decrease the microleakage.

Comparative evaluation of superoxide dismutase, alpha-tocopherol, and 10% sodium ascorbate on reversal of shear bond strength of bleached enamel: An in vitro study

“…evaluated the effects of antioxidants after bleaching and its influence on the microleakage of composite restorations and concluded that catalase was more effective in reducing microleakage associated with reduced bond strength. [ 24 ] In this study, we used various antioxidants for the evaluation of reversal of bond strength of enamel. Vitamin E, Vitamin C, and SOD are natural antioxidants which can deactivate free radicals.…”

Effect of bromelain enzyme on the microleakage of composite resin restorations after external tooth bleaching: An in vitro study

“…[ 16 ] Various research articles have reported diminished bond strength of the composite restorations to enamel following bleaching. [ 3 12 17 18 19 20 21 ] However, to date, relatively few studies have researched on the increase in the microleakage of composite resin restorations following tooth bleaching, specifically external tooth bleaching. [ 12 ]…”

“…The present study demonstrated that external bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (Groups II–V) significantly increased the microleakage values of restorations compared to the unbleached group (Group I) [ Table 3 ], which was in accordance with a study done by Han et al . [ 12 ] The presence of residual peroxide and oxygen postbleaching is the main reason for this increase in microleakage. [ 7 8 9 ] Titley et al .…”

“…According to research, only a few of these antioxidants were able to decrease the microleakage of composite resin restorations. [ 12 ] The interest in natural antioxidants of plant origin has greatly increased in recent years. Numerous natural antioxidants such as proanthocyanidins, lycopene have successfully shown to have a positive effect on bleached enamel.…”

Reliability of marginal microleakage assessment by visual and digital methods

“…[ 25 ] Furthermore, studies have shown the increase of MM due to margins located bellow the CEJ,[ 5 6 7 ] and after external bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide. [ 27 ]…”