Effects of antinutritional factors on plasma lipoprotein levels in Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Abstract

This study examined the effects of four types of antinutritional factor (phytic acid, stachyose, soy saponins and soy isoflavones) on lipoprotein levels in plasma of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. A basal diet was prepared with fish meal as primary protein source, the other diets were supplemented with 0·2, 0·4 or 0·8% phytic acid, 0·4, 0·8 or 1·5% stachyose, 0·1, 0·35 or 0·7% soy saponins and 0·10, 0·35 or 0·70% soy isoflavones, by dry mass, in place of white flour in the basal diet. Total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels in plasma of P. olivaceus were not affected by phytic acid or stachyose. In general, addition of 0·2-0·8% phytic acid or 0·4-1·5% stachyose decreased plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, increased plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, thereby increasing the LDL-C:HDL-C ratio. By contrast, supplementation with 0·35-0·7% soy saponins generally depressed plasma TC levels and the LDL-C:HDL-C ratio. Supplementation with 0·35-0·7% soy isoflavones, however, increased plasma TC and TG levels. These results indicate that soy saponins may be partly responsible for the cholesterol-lowering effects of soybean meal.

Effects of dietary inclusion of soybean meal and cholesterol on the growth, cholesterol status and metabolism of the giant grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus)

“…A hypocholesterolaemic effect was reported in rainbow trout (Kaushik et al, ), gilthead seabream (Venou, Alexis, Fountoulaki, & Haralabous, ) and Atlantic cod (Hansen, Rosenlund, Karlsen, Koppe, & Hemre, ) fed a soy protein‐based diet. This phenomenon may be associated with a deficiency of cholesterol (Deng et al, ; Hossain, Focken, & Becker, ) or some anti‐nutritional factors such as saponin (Messina, ), phytosterol (Madani, Frenoux, Prost, & Belleville, ) or non‐starch polysaccharides (Deng et al, ) in SBM. In addition, studies found that cholesterol supplementation in the diet can enhance the growth performance and feed intake of channel catfish (Twibell & Wilson, ), rainbow trout (Deng, Bi, et al, ) and turbot (Yun et al, ; Yun, Mai, & Zhang, ) when the fish were fed high‐SBM diets.…”

Improving the growth performance and cholesterol metabolism of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed soyabean meal-based diets using dietary cholesterol supplementation

“…Thus, the replacement of FM with SBM will greatly reduce the dietary cholesterol level. On the other hand, soya proteins and non-protein compounds present in SBM (such as soya saponins and phytosterol) reportedly lower the blood cholesterol level in fish ( 6 , 7 ) . Thus, the cholesterol-lowering action has already been reported in many fish species fed diets with SBM instead of FM ( 2 , 8 , 9 ) .…”

Short‐term Effects of Genistein on the Reproductive Characteristics of Male Gibel Carp, Carassius auratus gibelio

“…This observation is in line with that of Bennetau‐Pelissero et al (), who reported that plasma cholesterol levels in males undergoing spermatogenesis were not affected by dietary genistein treatments in rainbow trout. However, a higher dietary supplementation with soy isoflavones markedly increased plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels of Japanese flounder (Deng et al ). On the other hand, goldfish exposed to E2 (10 µg/g body weight) for a period of 5 mo also experienced elevations in plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol concentrations (Sharpe and MacLatchy ).…”