Effects of Antarctic Krill Products on Feed Intake, Growth Performance, Fillet Quality, and Health in Salmonids

Kaur, Kiranpreet; Kortner, Trond M.; Benítez‐Santana, T.; Burri, Lena

doi:10.1155/2022/3170854

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 95 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar observations have been made previously, especially with higher levels of dietary KM [79,80], but the noted lack of advantage generally contrasts to those of others. Thus, increased feed intake and superior growth in various species of salmonids fed FM-based diets with up to 80% KM inclusion have been commonly reported, but beyond this level, depressed growth and lower FCRs have been reported [43]. The inconsistencies encountered with KM substitution of FM and alternative proteins in salmon diets have several potential explanations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inexorably, these novel formulations will require the inclusion of natural feeding stimulants [127]; as established herein, for plant-based diets, KM clearly offers potential. More extended feed trials are nonetheless warranted, since some reports indicate that the benefits of KM on feed intake may only be transitory [43]. Moreover, partially deshelled KM can significantly decrease the stability of feed pellets in the water column when compared to traditional pellets [84], which may be a function of the higher levels of soluble proteins in KM compared to FM [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The feed stimulating activity of KM is believed to be due to synergism between amino acids and/or nucleotides [35][36][37]. Many trials, with various species of marine, diadromous, and freshwater fishes, at various points in their production cycle, have reported that KM products act as feed attractants/stimulants in non-FM-based diets and as FM replacers, providing a significant benefit [38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. These studies variously describe increased growth, feed intake, conversion efficiencies, enhanced coloration, and favorable fatty acid (FA) profiles in treated fish, including salmonids [42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Influence of Krill Meal on the Performance of Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon That Are Fed Plant-Based and Animal-Based Fishmeal and Fish Oil-Free Diets

Barrows,

Campbell,

Gaylord

et al. 2023

Fishes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of krill meal (KM) inclusion at various levels (0%, 2.5%, 5%) in plant-based and animal-based feeds, that were fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO) free, on Atlantic salmon growth. A FM/FO feed containing 0% KM was the control. Using a 2 × 3 factorial approach, diets were randomly assigned to one of 28 0.5 m3 flow-through tanks (n = 4 tanks per diet) initially stocked with 60 fish (148.4 ± 12.9 g; 23.6 ± 0.8 cm; condition factor (K) = 1.16 ± 0.08) each. Salmon were fed for 90 days using automatic feeders ad libitum. On day 45, stocking densities were reduced to 45 fish per tank by the random removal of 15 individuals to remove any potential of density affecting growth through the trial end. Water temperature, oxygen saturation, pH, and salinity throughout the trial were 11.8 °C, 103.5%, 7.38, and 32.0 g L−1, respectively. Fish fed plant-based feed without KM were lighter (p < 0.05) than all other groups at day 45 and 90, but those fed a plant-based feed with KM had comparable growth and feed intake compared to that of fish fed the control diet. Irrespective of the presence of KM, animal-based feeds achieved comparable weight growth (p > 0.05) to the control and 5% KM plant-based groups, with KM increasing feed intake (p < 0.05). Between day 45 and 90, feed conversion ratios increased in all groups except the control and 0% KM plant-based group, while specific growth rates (SGRs) decreased for all except the 0% KM plant-based diet. Between-group differences (p < 0.05) were also noted for the thermal growth coefficient. No differences were recorded in visceral or intestinal weight, and whole-body lipid levels were identical, proportional for all groups. Although differences (p < 0.05) were apparent in the concentrations of individual fillet fatty acids between groups, a 75 g serving size of any treatment would be sufficient to exceed daily intake recommendations for EPA + DHA. This trial determined that benefit, in terms of feed intake and growth performance, was gained when KM was added to plant-based feeds. However, no such advantage was observed when KM was used with animal-based feeds.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Influence of Krill Meal on the Performance of Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon That Are Fed Plant-Based and Animal-Based Fishmeal and Fish Oil-Free Diets

Barrows,

Campbell,

Gaylord

et al. 2023

Fishes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is a zooplankton species already in use for shrimp diets. Krill meal inclusion in diets for whiteleg shrimp has been shown to increase feed intake [13,14] and improve overall nutritional quality [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Calanus finmarchicus Hydrolysate Inclusion on Diet Attractiveness for Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Bøgwald,

Herrig,

Pedersen

et al. 2024

Fishes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Shrimp feed formulations have moved towards less fish meal and more of the readily available and cheaper plant proteins. To counteract the lower attractiveness and palatability of plant proteins, feeds are supplemented with ingredients known to have chemoattractive properties that will increase feed intake. This study investigated the putative chemoattractive effect of Calanus finmarchicus hydrolysate, when used as a dietary supplement in shrimp feeds. C. finmarchicus is a zooplankton species native to the northern Atlantic Ocean and is a novel and sustainable raw material for shrimp feed products. Diet attractiveness was evaluated in a 24-day feeding trial with whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) by measuring the intake of 12 diets with various levels of fish meal, calanus hydrolysate, and krill (Euphausia superba) meal. Higher inclusion rates of both ingredients resulted in increased feed intakes, and supplementing the high fish meal diet with calanus hydrolysate gave a statistically significant higher feed intake. Low molecular weight peptides, chemoattractive amino acids, and the water-soluble nature of the hydrolysate could explain the chemoattractive properties observed in the study.

show abstract

“…[16]. Tese nutritional characteristics have made KM an attractive feed ingredient for the aquaculture industry [17]. However, the availability of the PC in KM as a source of choline has not been demonstrated so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphatidylcholine in Krill Meal and Krill Oil as a Source of Choline for Prevention of Intestinal Steatosis in Atlantic Salmon

Kaur

Krogdahl

Kortner

2023

Aquaculture Research

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Intestinal steatosis, called lipid malabsorption syndrome (LMS) in severe cases, is a common condition in farmed Atlantic salmon, associated with choline deficiency causing low lipid transport in enterocytes, excessive lipid accumulation, and increased mucosal weight. A previous dose-response study supplying a plant-based diet with choline chloride indicated that 3.4 g/kg choline prevents LMS in Atlantic salmon. However, no similar documentation exists using phosphatidylcholine (PC) as a choline source. The present study therefore aimed to determine the ability of PC from krill meal (KM) and krill oil (KO) towards reducing steatosis in Atlantic salmon. Two diets with suboptimal PC levels (1.5 and 2.6 g/kg) were tested against two control diets, a choline-deficient diet with no supplementation (0.6 g/kg), and a high choline (4.0 g/kg choline chloride) diet. After 8 weeks of freshwater feeding, growth was significantly higher in KM and KO groups, at both PC levels, in comparison to the choline-deficient group. However, growth was significantly higher only in the KM and KO diets with 2.6 g/kg of PC when compared to the positive control. This indicated that suboptimal levels of PC from KM and KO satisfied choline needs for growth. A clear dose-dependent effect on the decreasing pyloric intestine (PI) somatic index was observed for KM and KO diets, with no significant difference between KM and KO diets (2.6 g/kg choline) and high choline reference diet. Accordingly, PC from both KM and KO significantly reduced lipid accumulation in the PI and liver when added to a choline-deficient diet. However, histological and lipid analyses also indicated that the optimal dietary choline requirement for full elimination of lipid accumulation in PI is higher than 2.6 g/kg with KM and KO as supplementary sources.

show abstract

Effects of Antarctic Krill Products on Feed Intake, Growth Performance, Fillet Quality, and Health in Salmonids

Cited by 14 publications

References 95 publications

Influence of Krill Meal on the Performance of Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon That Are Fed Plant-Based and Animal-Based Fishmeal and Fish Oil-Free Diets

Influence of Krill Meal on the Performance of Post-Smolt Atlantic Salmon That Are Fed Plant-Based and Animal-Based Fishmeal and Fish Oil-Free Diets

Effect of Calanus finmarchicus Hydrolysate Inclusion on Diet Attractiveness for Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Phosphatidylcholine in Krill Meal and Krill Oil as a Source of Choline for Prevention of Intestinal Steatosis in Atlantic Salmon

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About