Effects of Anode Wettability and Slots on Anodic Bubble Behavior Using Transparent Aluminium Electrolytic Cells

Zhao, Zhibin; Gao, Bingliang; Feng, Yuqing; Huang, Yipeng; Wang, Zhaowen; Shi, Zhongning; Hu, Xianwei

doi:10.1007/s11837-016-1999-6

Cited by 20 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…When the bubble blocks the anode surface the voltage rises to a maximum level before the bubble is released, hence causing the voltage to drop. These findings are also visually supported in a study using a see-through cell, with and without slotted anodes (27).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Comparing Anodic Bubble Behavior of Anodes from Anisotropic and Isotropic Cokes in Laboratory Scale Aluminum Electrolysis Cells

Sommerseth

Thorne

Ratvik

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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During production of aluminum in Hall-Héroult cells, carbon anodes electrochemically oxidize to form mainly CO2. The CO2 bubbles block the anode working surface during growth and coalescence, leading to cell voltage loss and voltage oscillations. Lower grade isotropic petroleum cokes are currently being introduced to anodes worldwide, but little is known about effects of coke quality on the unavoidable voltage losses linked to bubble formation. To investigate this, a pilot carbon anode series was made with various blended ratios of isotropic to anisotropic coke. The anodes were characterized with respect to voltage oscillations related to bubble formation and release, wettability towards electrolyte and surface roughness before and after electrolysis. Results showed that voltage noise caused by gas bubbles was reduced for anodes containing isotropic coke. For blended anodes of isotropic and anisotropic coke, the potential oscillation amplitude was reduced by ~0.19 V compared to a 100 % anisotropic coke anode. The percentage of the anode surface screened by gas bubbles was also reduced as isotropic coke was introduced. Increased wettability between electrolyte and two anodes containing isotropic coke was observed after anode polarization. The reduced bubble screening on the anode surface was attributed to better wetting between anode and electrolyte.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Comparing Anodic Bubble Behavior of Anodes from Anisotropic and Isotropic Cokes in Laboratory Scale Aluminum Electrolysis Cells

Sommerseth

Thorne

Ratvik

et al. 2019

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…Image processing was used to extract quantitative information from recorded images, including the shape, coverage and layer thickness of the bubbles. This process was described in detail in our previous work [18,19], and only a brief introduction is given here.…”

Section: Image Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…detail in our previous work [18,19], and only a brief introduction is given here. Image processing software "Image Pro-Plus 6.0" (Media Cybernetics, Rockville, MD, USA) was used to extract and mark the bubble edge.…”

Section: Image Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the voltage fluctuation first increased with increasing current density and then decreased above 0.9 A•cm −2 . Zhao et al [19] investigated the effects of anode slots on bubble behavior and cell voltage. They found that anode slots with a width of 4 mm were able to prevent smaller bubbles from coalescing into larger ones, thus decreasing bubble size and gas coverage on the anode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anodic Bubble Behavior in a Laboratory Scale Transparent Electrolytic Cell for Aluminum Electrolysis

Huang

Wang

Yang

et al. 2018

Metals

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In the Hall-Héroult process for extracting aluminum, the evolution and dynamics of anodic bubbles have a significant influence on the efficiency of the overall electrolysis process. In this study, the behavior of the bubbles beneath the carbon anode in cryolite-alumina molten salt was studied for the first time using a laboratory-scale transparent electrolysis cell to view the anode from the bottom. The bubble dynamics and the relevant characteristic parameters of bubbles were obtained using video cameras and image processing. It was found that the bubbles were observed to preferentially generate at several areas on the underside of the anode and the morphologies of coalesced bubbles show excellent similarity. Moreover, the behavior of gas on carbon and graphite anodes was significantly different, where the carbon anode favored the forming of larger bubbles. These observations confirmed different types of carbon anodes cause different bubble behavior. These findings are expected to be useful in optimizing the aluminum electrolysis process on an industrial scale.

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“…In decades, fundamental researches in understanding physical chemical phenomena existed in the cryolitic melt were carried out in Northeastern University, such as dissolution of metals in molten salts; dissolution of oxide in molten salts and anodic bubble behaviors during aluminum electrolysis. A special instrument, called high temperature transparent cell was used to investigate these phenomena [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Alumina Dissolution in Industrial Aluminum Cells

Gao¹,

Feng²,

Wang³

et al. 2018

J. Sib. Fed. Univ. Eng. technol.

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The dissolution behaviors of primary and secondary alumina in aluminum bath were compared. The dissolution of primary alumina can be divided into a few key steps: fast dissolution upon feeding, crust formation and sludge dissolution. The dissolution rate of secondary alumina is much faster than that of primary alumina. Industrial measurements of alumina concentration in 410 kA and 500 kA cells confirmed the laboratory results.

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Effects of Anode Wettability and Slots on Anodic Bubble Behavior Using Transparent Aluminium Electrolytic Cells

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

Comparing Anodic Bubble Behavior of Anodes from Anisotropic and Isotropic Cokes in Laboratory Scale Aluminum Electrolysis Cells

Comparing Anodic Bubble Behavior of Anodes from Anisotropic and Isotropic Cokes in Laboratory Scale Aluminum Electrolysis Cells

Anodic Bubble Behavior in a Laboratory Scale Transparent Electrolytic Cell for Aluminum Electrolysis

The Alumina Dissolution in Industrial Aluminum Cells

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