Abstract:In this study, a CrFeMoNbTiW high-entropy alloy (HEA) coating was prepared on a Q245R steel (American grade: SA515 Gr60) substrate by means of laser cladding. The effects of annealing temperature on the microstructure and wear resistance of the CrFeMoNbTiW coating were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), a scanning electron microscope (SEM), a Vickers hardness tester and a roller friction wear tester. The results showed that the coating was mainly composed of body-centered cubic (BCC) solid solution an… Show more
“…Slip deformation and lattice distortion due to the presence of the HEA reinforcement also contribute to improvement in microhardness [ 36 ]. The annealed coating was observed to have an increment of 30.98% and 31.61% compared to CrFeNiNbTi and CrFeMoNbTiW HEA coatings, respectively, [ 37 , 38 ]. Figure 5.…”
The capacity to endure harsh wear in demanding conditions in stainless steel drops under extreme nature and applications. Protecting the surface by providing a coating layer supports the usage in harsh conditions. In this work, SS316L is coated with AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) by atmospheric plasma spray process and annealed at 600°C for 2 hours. The AlCoCrFeNi HEA exhibited spherical particles with bcc phase and 20 µm particle size. The coating morphology revealed a uniform coating with a homogeneous distribution of HEA particles over a thickness of 150 µm. The coating post-annealing offered improved microhardness by 12% than the coated sample before annealing. The wear test was executed by varying load, sliding distance, and sliding velocity at normal temperature, 400°C and 600°C and the corresponding worn surface was analysed. The coated samples after annealing showed 57.6%, 87.5%, and 65.4% improved wear resistance at normal temperature than the coated sample before annealing at minimum levels of load, sliding velocity and distance. The wear rate of coated and annealed samples revealed 5.2%, 4.5%, and 4.4% better wear resistance at 400°C than the coated samples before annealing. The worn surface morphology showcased wear mechanisms to be delamination, abrasive wear, and oxide layer formation under all conditions.
“…Slip deformation and lattice distortion due to the presence of the HEA reinforcement also contribute to improvement in microhardness [ 36 ]. The annealed coating was observed to have an increment of 30.98% and 31.61% compared to CrFeNiNbTi and CrFeMoNbTiW HEA coatings, respectively, [ 37 , 38 ]. Figure 5.…”
The capacity to endure harsh wear in demanding conditions in stainless steel drops under extreme nature and applications. Protecting the surface by providing a coating layer supports the usage in harsh conditions. In this work, SS316L is coated with AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) by atmospheric plasma spray process and annealed at 600°C for 2 hours. The AlCoCrFeNi HEA exhibited spherical particles with bcc phase and 20 µm particle size. The coating morphology revealed a uniform coating with a homogeneous distribution of HEA particles over a thickness of 150 µm. The coating post-annealing offered improved microhardness by 12% than the coated sample before annealing. The wear test was executed by varying load, sliding distance, and sliding velocity at normal temperature, 400°C and 600°C and the corresponding worn surface was analysed. The coated samples after annealing showed 57.6%, 87.5%, and 65.4% improved wear resistance at normal temperature than the coated sample before annealing at minimum levels of load, sliding velocity and distance. The wear rate of coated and annealed samples revealed 5.2%, 4.5%, and 4.4% better wear resistance at 400°C than the coated samples before annealing. The worn surface morphology showcased wear mechanisms to be delamination, abrasive wear, and oxide layer formation under all conditions.
“…The Al x FeCoNiCuCr HEA coating applied to the AISI 1045 substrate displayed a noticeable increment in microhardness. This increase was directly correlated with the quantity of Al present within a specific annealing temperature range spanning from 400 to 700 °C [33].…”
In the realm of advanced materials research, high entropy alloys (HEAs) have emerged as a 
dynamic and rapidly evolving field, their potential can be further harnessed by developing HEA 
coatings on specific substrate materials. In this study, equiatomic AlBeSiTiV lightweight HEA 
(LWHEA) was successfully synthesized through the precise technique of mechanical alloying 
(MA). Subsequently, this innovative HEA coating was applied to the SS316 substrate using 
atmospheric plasma spray (APS). The microstructure of the synthesized HEA revealed a prominent 
FCC phase, with the coating having an average thickness of approximately 150 µm. Notably, the 
coated and coated annealed samples displayed improved microhardness of 985±13, and 1100±15 
HV which was five and six times respectively that of the substrate. Electrochemical and hot 
corrosion tests were conducted on the substrate, coated, and coated annealed samples. The 
outcomes shed light on the profound impact of annealing in mitigating the corrosion rate as the 
porosity of the coated annealed samples was reduced to 2.53% which resulted in a significant 
reduction in corrosion rate when compared to coated samples. Hot corrosion tests demonstrated 
mass loss in the substrate due to the formation of iron oxide and subsequent spallation of it while 
mass gain in the coated and coated annealed samples due to oxide layer formation. Coated annealed 
samples exhibited lower mass gain in comparison to coated samples, showing reductions of 6% 
and 3% in Na2SO4/NaCl and Na2SO4/ V2O5, respectively. These findings underscore the immense 
promise of the annealed coating for applications demanding steadfast protection against corrosive 
challenges.
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