Effects of an Oral Contraceptive Combination With or Without Androgen on Mammary Tissues: A Study in Rats

Jayo, Manuel J.; Register, Thomas C.; Hughes, Claude L.; Blás-Machado, Uriel; Sulistiawati, Erni; Borgerink, Hermina; Johnson, Christopher

doi:10.1177/107155760000700411

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Studies on rhesus monkeys demonstrate the inhibiting influence of androgens on mammary epithelial proliferation by reducing E2-induced proliferation [48,49]. The same results have been shown in rodent mammary gland [50]. Observations indicate similar effects of androgens in humans.…”

Section: Inhibition Of Proliferation In the Normal Mammary Glandsupporting

confidence: 71%

The Role of Androgens in Normal and Malignant Breast Tissue

Tiefenbacher

Daxenbichler²

2008

Breast Care

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Androgens, like estrogens, can be synthesized in the breast. As both active androgens and their corresponding receptors are present in breast tissue, we conclude that they play a role in breast physiology. This is supported by the fact that insufficient androgen production or sensitivity results in the development of gynecomastia. Complete androgen insensitivity due to receptor defects leads to normal female breast development in these XY women. While breast development is completely inhibited by male testosterone levels, partial but not total degradation of a developed breast by androgen treatment appears to be possible. Breast cancer in early stages seems to fulfill the prerequisites of androgen responsiveness. Androgen treatment of advanced breast cancer has shown similar effectiveness as anti-estrogen or estrogen-ablative therapy, but also considerable side effects. It has been speculated that the use of selective androgen modulators (SARMs), either alone or preferably in addition to anti-estrogens or aromatase inhibitors, may be a promising alternative to current therapy modalities in hormone-dependent breast cancer. In addition, future studies on the use of SARMs in prophylactic settings seem to be justified.

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Section: Inhibition Of Proliferation In the Normal Mammary Glandsupporting

confidence: 71%

The Role of Androgens in Normal and Malignant Breast Tissue

Tiefenbacher

Daxenbichler²

2008

Breast Care

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“…Short-term, low doses of several forms of androgens have been shown to inhibit the estrogen-induced proliferation of the mammary epithelial cells in adult female rats, mice, and monkeys [177,178]. Similar inhibitory effects are also observed in human and rat mammary glands in vitro [179,180].…”

Section: Ar Roles In Breast Developmentmentioning

confidence: 86%

Androgen Receptor (AR) Physiological Roles in Male and Female Reproductive Systems: Lessons Learned from AR-Knockout Mice Lacking AR in Selective Cells1

Chang¹,

Lee²,

Wang³

et al. 2013

Biology of Reproduction

124

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Androgens/androgen receptor (AR) signaling is involved primarily in the development of male-specific phenotypes during embryogenesis, spermatogenesis, sexual behavior, and fertility during adult life. However, this signaling has also been shown to play an important role in development of female reproductive organs and their functions, such as ovarian folliculogenesis, embryonic implantation, and uterine and breast development. The establishment of the testicular feminization (Tfm) mouse model exploiting the X-linked Tfm mutation in mice has been a good in vivo tool for studying the human complete androgen insensitivity syndrome, but this mouse may not be the perfect in vivo model. Mouse models with various cell-specific AR knockout (ARKO) might allow us to study AR roles in individual types of cells in these male and female reproductive systems, although discrepancies are found in results between labs, probably due to using various Cre mice and/or knocking out AR in different AR domains. Nevertheless, no doubt exists that the continuous development of these ARKO mouse models and careful studies will provide information useful for understanding AR roles in reproductive systems of humans and may help us to develop more effective and more specific therapeutic approaches for reproductive system-related diseases.

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“…Supporting this view, a recent study found that a low-dose oral contraceptive induced robust mammary epithelial proliferation in rats, but that addition of methyltestosterone to the therapy significantly suppressed the proliferation. 23 It is important to keep in mind, however, that species-specific differences in steroid production and metabolism may influence net steroid effect upon mammary and other tissues.…”

Section: Dimitrakakis Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

A physiologic role for testosterone in limiting estrogenic stimulation of the breast

et al. 2003

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Effects of an Oral Contraceptive Combination With or Without Androgen on Mammary Tissues: A Study in Rats

Abstract: Our results suggest that a medication containing an estrogen-progestin-androgen combination has antiproliferative effects in mammary glands of experimental animals that could prove to have breast-protective potential in women.

Cited by 11 publications

References 40 publications

The Role of Androgens in Normal and Malignant Breast Tissue

The Role of Androgens in Normal and Malignant Breast Tissue

Androgen Receptor (AR) Physiological Roles in Male and Female Reproductive Systems: Lessons Learned from AR-Knockout Mice Lacking AR in Selective Cells1

A physiologic role for testosterone in limiting estrogenic stimulation of the breast

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