Effects of an Aqueous Extract of Withania somnifera on Strength Training Adaptations and Recovery: The STAR Trial

Ziegenfuss, Tim N.; Kedia, A. William; Sandrock, Jennifer; Raub, Betsy; Kerksick, Chad M.; Lopez, Hector L.

doi:10.3390/nu10111807

Cited by 33 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Moreover, roots are consumed as a dietary supplement. Previous pharmacological studies on W. somnifera have revealed that extracts of W. somnifera exhibit a protective role against bromobenzene-induced oxidative damage in the rat liver [7], as well as increase the exercise performance [8]. Similarly, a recent study on W. somnifera extracts reported its therapeutic role in stroke repair through its anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidant properties [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Withaninsams A and B: Phenylpropanoid Esters from the Roots of Indian Ginseng (Withania somnifera)

Baek

Lee

Kim

et al. 2019

Plants

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Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Solanaceae), known as Indian ginseng or ashwagandha, has been used in Indian Ayurveda for the treatment of a variety of disorders, such as diabetes and reproductive and nervous system disorders. It is particularly used as a general health tonic, analgesic, and sedative. As part of continuing projects to discover unique bioactive natural products from medicinal plants, phytochemical investigation of the roots of W. somnifera combined with a liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC/MS)-based analysis has led to the isolation of two novel phenylpropanoid esters, Withaninsams A (1) and B (2), as an inseparable mixture, along with three known phenolic compounds (3, 4, and 6) and a pyrazole alkaloid (5). The structures of the new compounds were elucidated using a combination of spectroscopic methods, including one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (HR-ESIMS). Withaninsams A (1) and B (2) are phenylpropanoid esters that contain a side chain, 4-methyl-1,4-pentanediol unit. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to report on phenylpropanoid esters with 4-methyl-1,4-pentanediol unit. The anti-inflammatory activity of the isolated compounds (1–6) was evaluated by determining their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages, where compound 3 inhibited LPS-induced NO production (IC50 = 33.3 μM) and TNF-α production, a pro-inflammatory cytokine (IC50 = 40.9 μM). The anti-inflammatory mechanism through the inhibition of transcriptional iNOS protein expression was confirmed by western blotting experiments for the active compound 3, which showed decreased iNOS protein expression.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Withaninsams A and B: Phenylpropanoid Esters from the Roots of Indian Ginseng (Withania somnifera)

Baek

Lee

Kim

et al. 2019

Plants

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“…[ 117 ], Rhodiola rosea [ 118 ], Cordyceps militaris [ 119 ], and Rhodiola rosea + Cordyceps sinensis [ 120 ]. A root extract that warrants special attention is Withania somnifera (most known as ashwagandha) given some research have found ergogenic effects in athletic [ 121 , 122 ] and physically active individuals [ 123 ]. Moreover, the adaptogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties of ashwagandha [ 124 , 125 , 126 ] turns this herbal extract into a potential strategy to optimize recovery and promote exercise-induced adaptations.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The 4R’s Framework of Nutritional Strategies for Post-Exercise Recovery: A Review with Emphasis on New Generation of Carbohydrates

Bonilla

Pérez-Idárraga

Odriozola-Martínez

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Post-exercise recovery is a broad term that refers to the restoration of training capacity. After training or competition, there is fatigue accumulation and a reduction in sports performance. In the hours and days following training, the body recovers and performance is expected to return to normal or improve. ScienceDirect, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Google Scholar databases were reviewed to identify studies and position declarations examining the relationship between nutrition and sports recovery. As an evidence-based framework, a 4R’s approach to optimizing post-exercise recovery was identified: (i) Rehydration—a fundamental process that will depend on the athlete, environment and sports event; (ii) Refuel—the consumption of carbohydrates is not only important to replenish the glycogen reserves but also to contribute to the energy requirements for the immune system and tissue reparation. Several bioengineered carbohydrates were discussed but further research is needed; (iii) Repair—post-exercise ingestion of high-quality protein and creatine monohydrate benefit the tissue growth and repair; and (iv) Rest—pre-sleep nutrition has a restorative effect that facilitates the recovery of the musculoskeletal, endocrine, immune, and nervous systems. Nutritional consultancy based on the 4R’s is important for the wise stewardship of the hydration, feeding, and supplementation strategies to achieve a timely recovery.

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“…Several clinical trials involving the administration of WS aqueous extract found an increase in the overall muscle strength ( Wankhede et al, 2015 ) ( Ziegenfuss et al, 2018 ). Rhabdomyolysis is associated with altered levels of serum urea and creatinine ( Walid, 2008 ).…”

Section: Probable Role Of Withania Somnifera In Covid-19 Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal: Opportunity for Clinical Repurposing in COVID-19 Management

et al. 2021

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As the COVID-19 pandemic is progressing, the therapeutic gaps in conventional management have highlighted the need for the integration of traditional knowledge systems with modern medicine. Ayurvedic medicines, especially Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, WS), may be beneficial in the management of COVID-19. WS is a widely prescribed Ayurvedic botanical known as an immunomodulatory, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and adaptogenic agent. The chemical profile and pharmacological activities of WS have been extensively reported. Several clinical studies have reported its safety for use in humans. This review presents a research synthesis of in silico, in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies on Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (WS) and discusses its potential for prophylaxis and management of COVID-19. We have collated the data from studies on WS that focused on viral infections (HIV, HSV, H1N1 influenza, etc.) and noncommunicable diseases (hypertension, diabetes, cancer, etc.). The experimental literature indicates that WS has the potential for 1) maintaining immune homeostasis, 2) regulating inflammation, 3) suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines, 4) organ protection (nervous system, heart, lung, liver, and kidney), and 5) anti-stress, antihypertensive, and antidiabetic activities. Using these trends, the review presents a triangulation of Ayurveda wisdom, pharmacological properties, and COVID-19 pathophysiology ranging from viral entry to end-stage acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The review proposes WS as a potential therapeutic adjuvant for various stages of COVID-19 management. WS may also have beneficial effects on comorbidities associated with the COVID-19. However, systematic studies are needed to realize the potential of WS for improving clinical outcome of patients with COVID-19.

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Effects of an Aqueous Extract of Withania somnifera on Strength Training Adaptations and Recovery: The STAR Trial

Cited by 33 publications

References 21 publications

Withaninsams A and B: Phenylpropanoid Esters from the Roots of Indian Ginseng (Withania somnifera)

Withaninsams A and B: Phenylpropanoid Esters from the Roots of Indian Ginseng (Withania somnifera)

The 4R’s Framework of Nutritional Strategies for Post-Exercise Recovery: A Review with Emphasis on New Generation of Carbohydrates

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal: Opportunity for Clinical Repurposing in COVID-19 Management

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