Effects of an 8-Week Virtual Reality Training Program on Pain, Fall Risk, and Quality of Life in Elderly Women with Chronic Low Back Pain: Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Yalfani, Ali; Abedi, Mitra; Raeisi, Zahra

doi:10.1089/g4h.2021.0175

Cited by 25 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Our ndings con rmed that musculoskeletal pain was signi cantly associated with risk of falls, aligning with similar reports in studies of other populations involving different pain sites [21,23,24,[31][32][33]. A number of speci c pain sites can increase the risk of falls particularly in older people.…”

Section: Musculoskeletal Pain In Uencing Risk Of Fallssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…A number of speci c pain sites can increase the risk of falls particularly in older people. For example, people experiencing waist pain often have impaired central proprioceptive processing and decreased ankle proprioception, which can result in underestimating the extent of ankle inversion and a fall [31,32]. Pain in the waist and lower limbs including leg, knee, and ankle can also in uence lower limb proprioception, muscle strength, joint stability, reactive balance, and fear of falling, all of which may increase falls risk [21,23,24,33].…”

Section: Musculoskeletal Pain In Uencing Risk Of Fallsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between falls and musculoskeletal pain among middle-aged and older adults: Findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal study

Mei

Xing

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Falls are common particularly in elderly people and usually associated with poor prognosis or healing outcomes. Musculoskeletal pain is considered an independent risk factor for falls, by being associated with joint pathology and instability, neuromuscular effects of pain, and changes in cognitive and psychological function. Understanding the relationship between musculoskeletal pain and the risk of falls will help with falls prevention among older adults. Methods A nationally representative sample for the Chinese population was derived from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Information on the patients’ demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, other health-related behavior, as well as history on musculoskeletal pain and falls were obtained. Univariate and multivariate analysis were used to explore the effect factors of falls, including individual factors and musculoskeletal pain factors. P for trend test was performed to examine the trend of each continuous variable. Results Among 18813 respondents, 3697 have experienced a fall. The risk of falls was lower for respondents who were male, lived in urban areas, had higher education level, and were married (P < 0.05). The risk of falls increased with higher age (P < 0.05), as well as for respondents who were still drinking alcohol or who used to drink alcohol at the time of the survey (P < 0.05). The risk of falls also increased for respondents who had suffered from pain in the fingers, waist, legs and knees (P < 0.05), as well as for those who had a higher number of painful sites (P < 0.05). Conclusion Factors including gender, age, education level and health-related behavior may affect the risk of falls. Musculoskeletal pain is one of the factors that could be targeted to help prevent falls in older people.

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Section: Musculoskeletal Pain In Uencing Risk Of Fallssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Musculoskeletal Pain In Uencing Risk Of Fallsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between falls and musculoskeletal pain among middle-aged and older adults: Findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal study

Mei

Xing

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Virtual reality (VR) technology allows users to interact with computer-generated environments in a simulated environment (Cipresso et al, 2018). In healthcare, VR has been used as a tool for rehabilitation and training, with the potential to improve motor function, cognitive function, and psychological wellbeing in individuals with various conditions, such as stroke, low back pain, and Parkinson's disease (Lheureux et al, 2020;Liang et al, 2022;Yalfani et al, 2022). The immersive nature of VR can increase adherence and motivation to training programs and lead to improved outcomes (Moon et al, 2021;Recenti et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel balance training approach: Biomechanical study of virtual reality-based skateboarding

Kantha

Hsu²,

Chen³

et al. 2023

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Introduction: The use of virtual reality (VR) technology in training and rehabilitation gained increasing attention in recent years due to its potential to provide immersive and interactive experiences. We developed a novel VR-based balance training, VR-skateboarding, for improving balance. It is important to investigate the biomechanical aspects of this training, as it would have benefited both health professionals and software engineers.Aims: This study aimed to compare the biomechanical characteristics of VR-skateboarding with those of walking.Materials and Methods: Twenty young participants (10 males and 10 females) were recruited. Participants underwent VR-skateboarding and walking at the comfortable walking speed, with the treadmill set at the same speed for both tasks. The motion capture system and electromyography were used to determine joint kinematics and muscle activity of the trunk and legs, respectively. The force platform was also used to collect the ground reaction force.Results: Participants demonstrated increased trunk flexion angles and muscle activity of trunk extensor during VR-skateboarding than during walking (p < 0.01). For the supporting leg, participants’ joint angles of hip flexion and ankle dorsiflexion, as well as muscle activity of knee extensor, were higher during VR-skateboarding than during walking (p < 0.01). For the moving leg, only hip flexion increased in VR-skateboarding when compared to walking (p < 0.01). Furthermore, participants increased weight distribution in the supporting leg during VR-skateboarding (p < 0.01).Conclusion: VR-skateboarding is a novel VR-based balance training that has been found to improve balance through increased trunk and hip flexion, facilitated knee extensor muscles, and increased weight distribution on the supporting leg compared to walking. These differences in biomechanical characteristics have potential clinical implications for both health professionals and software engineers. Health professionals may consider incorporating VR-skateboarding into training protocols to improve balance, while software engineers may use this information to design new features in VR systems. Our study suggests that the impact of VR-skateboarding particularly manifest when focusing on the supporting leg.

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“…Four studies reported the effects of serious games on pain using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale and Visual Analog Scale (Ditchburn et al., 2020; J‐Lyn, 2014; Stamm et al., 2022; Yalfani et al., 2022). The pooled SMD for pain was −0.62 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −1.15 to −0.10; p = .020; see Figure 2a), indicating that serious games were significantly beneficial in reducing pain among older adults.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While individual studies have explored the efficacy of serious games for chronic pain management in older adults (Gunst et al., 2022; Monteiro et al., 2015; Stamm et al., 2022; Yalfani et al., 2022), no reviews have thoroughly analysed the overall estimation of serious games for chronic pain management in this group; accordingly, this study aimed to synthesise and appraise the evidence of the efficacy of serious games in reducing chronic pain among older adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of serious games for chronic pain management in older adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Saragih,

Suarilah,

Saragih

et al. 2024

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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Aims and ObjectivesTo synthesise and appraise the evidence of the efficacy of serious games in reducing chronic pain among older adults.BackgroundChronic pain in older adults generally results in a substantial handicap due to decreased mobility, exercise avoidance and various concerns that affect their overall quality of life. While serious games have been widely used as a pain management approach, no reviews have thoroughly examined their efficacy for chronic pain management in older adult populations.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsThe CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, PubMed and Web of Science databases were comprehensively searched to find articles published from their inception until 17 April 2023. RoB‐2 was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. The efficacy of serious games for pain management in older individuals was investigated using pooled standardised mean differences (SMDs) in pain reduction using a random effect model.ResultsThe meta‐analysis comprised nine randomised controlled trials that included 350 older adult patients with pain. Serious games effectively alleviated pain in this group (pooled SMD = −0.62; 95% confidence interval: −1.15 to −0.10), although pain‐related disability and fear require further investigation.ConclusionsSerious games tended to effectively reduce pain in this older adult group; however, due to a lack of randomised controlled trials, the analysis found lower effectiveness in reducing pain‐related disability and fear. Further studies are accordingly required to confirm these findings.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe findings of the study emphasise the importance of serious games to increase the motivation of older adults to exercise as one of the safe and extensively used pain management strategies. Serious games that effectively reduce chronic pain in older adults are characterised as consisting of diverse physical activities delivered through consoles, computer‐based activities and other technologies.Patient or Public ContributionsSerious games are recommended as being potentially useful and practical for reducing pain in older adults.

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Effects of an 8-Week Virtual Reality Training Program on Pain, Fall Risk, and Quality of Life in Elderly Women with Chronic Low Back Pain: Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Cited by 25 publications

References 41 publications

Association between falls and musculoskeletal pain among middle-aged and older adults: Findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal study

Association between falls and musculoskeletal pain among middle-aged and older adults: Findings from the China health and retirement longitudinal study

A novel balance training approach: Biomechanical study of virtual reality-based skateboarding

Efficacy of serious games for chronic pain management in older adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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