Effects of Amino Acids Supplement on Physiological Adaptations to Resistance Training

Kraemer, William J.; Hatfield, Disa L.; Volek, Jeff S.; Fragala, Maren S.; Vingren, Jakob L.; Anderson, Jeffrey M.; Spiering, Barry A.; Thomas, Gwendolyn A.; Ho, Jen Yu; Quann, Erin E.; Izquierdo, Mikel; Häkkinen, Keijo; Maresh, Carl M.

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e318194cc75

Cited by 88 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Based on previous studies, the data about the effect of HMB supplementation on body composition is inconsistent. Regarding to strength, the results of our study confirmed the previous findings that HMB supplementation resulted in a significant greater strength gain after training 5,11,22 . Recently, Portal et al 11 showed that HMB supplementation led to an increase in knee flexion isokinetic force in elite adolescent volleyball players.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Recently, Portal et al 11 showed that HMB supplementation led to an increase in knee flexion isokinetic force in elite adolescent volleyball players. In the study conducted by Kraemer et al, 5 bench press and squat 1RM were increased in HMB and control groups after 12 weeks of resistance training. However, the increases in 1RM were significantly greater in the HMB group when compared to the CON group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…It has been suggested that the HMB effect on body composition is inconsequential 23 .Some studies reported that HMB was unable to change the body composition of athletes involved in resistance training (22), water polo, rowing 9 or football 17,24 .On the other hand, a number of studies failed to confirm these results and indicated that HMB supplementation during 2-to 12-weeks of training promoted significantly greater changes in FFM and fat loss in trained and untrained men and women 4,5,25,26 . Based on previous studies, the data about the effect of HMB supplementation on body composition is inconsistent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, there was an increase interest on the effects of beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation on skeletal muscle due to its anti-catabolic effects [1][2][3] . Studies examining the effects of HMB supplementation on strength and body composition have demonstrated that HMB supplementation, in combination with a resistance training program, resulted in increased muscular strength and lean body mass (LBM) and tended to decrease fat mass 4,5 . It has been suggested that HMB supplementation with 1.5 to 3 g per day reduces muscle proteolysis and increases strength and muscle mass after 3-8 weeks strength training 6,7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the available scientific literature on HMB supplementation in humans is still preliminary in nature and should be considered with reservation 11,18 .Also, the data about the influence of HMB supplementation, particularly with resistance training, on anabolic-catabolic hormones are still scarce and to our knowledge there are only two studies with conflicting results 5,11 in the literature regarding the effect of HMB supplementation on these variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Resistance training & beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation on hormones

Arazi

Rohani²,

Ghiasi

et al. 2015

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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RESUMOIntroduction: In recent years, there was an increased interest on the effects of beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) supplementation on skeletal muscle due to its anti-catabolic effects. Objectives: To investigate the effect of HMB supplementation on body composition, muscular strength and anabolic-catabolic hormones after resistance training. Methods: Twenty amateur male athletes were randomly assigned to supplement and control groups in a double-blind crossover design and participated in four weeks resistance training. Before and after the test period fasting blood samples were obtained to determine anabolic (the growth hormone and testosterone) and catabolic (cortisol) hormones, and fat mass, lean body mass (LBM) and muscular strength were measured. Dependent and independent t-tests were used to analyze data. Results: After the training period, there were no significant differences between the groups with respect to fat mass, LBM and anabolic-catabolic hormones. HMB supplementation resulted in a significantly greater strength gain (p≤0.05). Conclusion: Greater increase in strength for HMB group was not accompanied by body composition and basal circulating anabolic-catabolic hormonal changes. It seems that HMB supplementation may have beneficial effects on neurological adaptations of strength gain.Keywords: resistance training, hormones, body composition, dietary supplements, HMB, muscle strength. ABSTRACT Introduçao: Nos últimos anos, houve um aumento no interesse sobre os efeitos da suplementação de beta-hidroxi--beta-metilbutirato (HMB) no

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Resistance training & beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation on hormones

Arazi

Rohani²,

Ghiasi

et al. 2015

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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Testosterone and cortisol responses to ß‐hydroxy ß‐methylbutryate consumption and exercise: A meta‐analysis

Zhao

Mohammad

2022

Food Science & Nutrition

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Background β‐hydroxy β‐methylbutryate (HMB) is a metabolite of leucine amino acid and it has several ergogenic benefits. Previous studies also showed that it may affect beneficially the testosterone and cortisol concentration in athletes. Due to the contradiction results between studies, we aimed to conduct this meta‐analysis to assess the HMB supplementation effect on testosterone and cortisol in trained athletes. Methods Scopus, Medline, and Google scholar were systematically searched up to August 2021. The Cochrane Collaboration tool for evaluating the risk of bias was applied for assessing the studies' quality. Random‐effects model, weighted mean difference (WMD), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used for estimating the overall effect. Between‐study heterogeneity was evaluated applying the chi‐squared and I2 statistic. Results Seven articles were included in the meta‐analysis. Although the meta‐analysis generally showed that HMB consumption did not have any effect on the cortisol and testosterone concentration (p > .05), subgroup analysis based on the exercise type showed a significant decrease in the cortisol concentration in resistance training exercises (WMD = −3.30; 95% CI: −5.50, −1.10; p = .003) and a significant increase in the testosterone concentration in aerobic and anaerobic combined sports (WMD = 1.56; 95% CI: 0.07, 3.05; p = .040). Conclusion The results indicate that HMB supplementation in athletes can reduce the concentration of cortisol in resistance exercises and increase the concentration of testosterone in aerobic and anaerobic combined exercises. Nevertheless, more studies are required to confirm these results.

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Beta‐hydroxy‐beta‐methylbutyrate supplementation and skeletal muscle in healthy and muscle‐wasting conditions

Holeček

2017

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

190

154

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Beta‐hydroxy‐beta‐methylbutyrate (HMB) is a metabolite of the essential amino acid leucine that has been reported to have anabolic effects on protein metabolism. The aims of this article were to summarize the results of studies of the effects of HMB on skeletal muscle and to examine the evidence for the rationale to use HMB as a nutritional supplement to exert beneficial effects on muscle mass and function in various conditions of health and disease.The data presented here indicate that the beneficial effects of HMB have been well characterized in strength‐power and endurance exercise. HMB attenuates exercise‐induced muscle damage and enhances muscle hypertrophy and strength, aerobic performance, resistance to fatigue, and regenerative capacity. HMB is particularly effective in untrained individuals who are exposed to strenuous exercise and in trained individuals who are exposed to periods of high physical stress. The low effectiveness of HMB in strength‐trained athletes could be due to the suppression of the proteolysis that is induced by the adaptation to training, which may blunt the effects of HMB. Studies performed with older people have demonstrated that HMB can attenuate the development of sarcopenia in elderly subjects and that the optimal effects of HMB on muscle growth and strength occur when it is combined with exercise. Studies performed under in vitro conditions and in various animal models suggest that HMB may be effective in treatment of muscle wasting in various forms of cachexia. However, there are few clinical reports of the effects of HMB on muscle wasting in cachexia; in addition, most of these studies evaluated the therapeutic potential of combinations of various agents. Therefore, it has not been possible to determine whether HMB was effective or if there was a synergistic effect. Although most of the endogenous HMB is produced in the liver, there are no reports regarding the levels and the effects of HMB supplementation in subjects with liver disease. Several studies have suggested that anabolic effects of HMB supplementation on skeletal muscle do not occur in healthy, non‐exercising subjects.It is concluded that (i) HMB may be applied to enhance increases in the mass and strength of skeletal muscles in subjects who exercise and in the elderly and (ii) studies examining the effects of HMB administered alone are needed to obtain conclusions regarding the specific effectiveness in attenuating muscle wasting in various muscle‐wasting disorders.

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Effects of Amino Acids Supplement on Physiological Adaptations to Resistance Training

Abstract: MA supplementation beneficially affected training-induced changes in lean body mass, muscle strength, and power, as well as hormonal responses and markers of muscle damage in response to 12 wk of resistance exercise training when compared with an isonitrogenous control.

Cited by 88 publications

References 39 publications

Resistance training & beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation on hormones

Resistance training & beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate supplementation on hormones

Testosterone and cortisol responses to ß‐hydroxy ß‐methylbutryate consumption and exercise: A meta‐analysis

Beta‐hydroxy‐beta‐methylbutyrate supplementation and skeletal muscle in healthy and muscle‐wasting conditions

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