Effects of amino acid and energy density on growth performance and processing yield of mixed-sex Cobb 700 × MV broiler chickens

Johnson, C. Annette; Duong, Tri; Latham, R.E.; Shirley, R B; Lee, J.T.

doi:10.1016/j.japr.2019.10.014

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Broiler growth performance is largely influenced by the supply of high levels of digestible AA [27][28][29] and several previous studies have shown growth performance impairment following their dietary reduction [30][31][32][33][34]. However, meeting these requirements involves formulating diets with highly digestible proteinaceous, and very often expensive, feed ingredients.…”

Section: Selected Carcass Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effects of proteases on performance, carcass traits and gut structure of broilers fed diets reduced in protein and amino acids

Wealleans¹,

Ashour²,

Ishmais³

et al. 2023

J Anim Sci Technol

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Section: Selected Carcass Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative effects of proteases on performance, carcass traits and gut structure of broilers fed diets reduced in protein and amino acids

Wealleans¹,

Ashour²,

Ishmais³

et al. 2023

J Anim Sci Technol

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“…Therefore, caution must be exercised to formulate AA-balanced diets for chickens. Furthermore, elevating dietary AA density for broilers enhanced feed efficiency and breast muscle yield, while reducing fat pad yield (Johnson et al 2020). Interestingly, although dietary methionine (0.50% and 0.43% for starter and finisher diets, respectively) is sufficient to support the growth of broiler chickens with a normal hatching weight, this may not be the case for chickens with a low hatching weight.…”

Section: 6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino Acid Nutrition and Metabolism in Chickens

2021

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

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Both poultry meat and eggs provide high-quality animal protein [containing sufficient amounts and proper ratios of amino acids (AAs)] for human consumption and, therefore, play an important role in the growth, development, and health of all individuals. Because there are growing concerns about the suboptimal efficiencies of poultry production and its impact on environmental sustainability, much attention has been paid to the formulation of low-protein diets and precision nutrition through the addition of low-cost crystalline AAs or alternative sources of animal-protein feedstuffs. This necessitates a better understanding of AA nutrition and metabolism in chickens. Although historic nutrition research has focused on nutritionally essential amino acids (EAAs) that are not synthesized or are inadequately synthesized in the body, increasing evidence shows that the traditionally classified nutritionally nonessential amino acids (NEAAs), such as glutamine and glutamate, have physiological and regulatory roles other than protein synthesis in chicken growth and egg production. In addition, like other avian species, chickens do not synthesize adequately glycine or proline (the most abundant AAs in the body but present in plant-source feedstuffs at low content) relative to their nutritional and physiological needs. Therefore, these two AAs must be sufficient in poultry diets. Animal proteins (including ruminant meat & bone meal and hydrolyzed feather meal) are abundant sources of both glycine and proline in chicken nutrition. Clearly, chickens (including broilers and laying hens) have dietary requirements for all proteinogenic AAs to achieve their maximum productivity and maintain optimum health particularly under adverse conditions such as heat stress and disease. This is a paradigm shift in poultry nutrition from the 70-year-old “ideal protein” concept that concerned only about EAAs to the focus of functional AAs that include both EAAs and NEAAs.

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“…In modern genetic lines, selection for fast growth and efficient assimilation of amino acids into muscle has meant that there tends to be a positive correlation between dietary energy and amino acid content and breast (pectoralis major) yield [ 36 ], while fat pad deposition increases [ 1 , 2 ]. Although several authors investigated the effect of lysophospholipids (LPL) on carcass traits [ 8 , 16 , 29 , 34 , 37 , 38 ] improvements in breast meat yield have only been reported by Chen et al [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selection for fast growth has also aggravated the burden on the liver, raising the risk of metabolic disorders, including fatty liver disease. Fat deposition in the liver can be encouraged by high levels of saturated dietary fat [ 48 , 49 ], but also by amino acid imbalances, especially that of methionine [ 1 , 2 ]. In our study, a significant reduction of liver weight was observed following LEX supplementation, which could be explained—though liver fat content was not measured directly—by a reduction in fat deposition and a reduced chance of fatty liver disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modern fast-growing broilers have high energy and amino acid requirements [ 1 , 2 ] and meeting these requirements leads to improved feed efficiency, but also increases diet costs, especially when the price of oils and protein meals is volatile. Increasing the utilization of dietary energy and other nutrients can allow nutritionists to formulate diets to lower basal nutrient levels and lower feed costs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of a Combination of Lysolecithin, Synthetic Emulsifier, and Monoglycerides on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, and Selected Carcass Traits in Broilers Fed Low-Energy Diets

Ghazalah

Abd-Elsamee

Ibrahim

et al. 2021

Animals

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementing a combination of lysolecithin, synthetic emulsifier, and monoglycerides (LEX) on growth performance, intestinal morphology, and selected carcass traits in broilers fed low-energy diets without added oil. Three hundred one-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers (40.3 ± 3.3 g) were assigned to two dietary treatments with six replicates of 25 birds each and were fed a control low-energy diet without added oil supplemented with 0 and 250 g/t of LEX for 30 days. Growth performance was measured and recorded throughout the study. At slaughter, 60 birds per treatment were used to assess the effect of LEX on the carcass traits. Final average body weight and feed conversion ratio were improved (p < 0.05) in LEX treated birds compared to control. LEX supplementation was linked to higher (p < 0.05) carcass weight and yield and to lower (p < 0.05) abdominal fat and liver weight. Moisture content was higher (p < 0.05) in ground deboned broilers from LEX treatment. Villus height was increased (p < 0.05), and crypt depth reduced (p < 0.05) in the jejunum of birds treated with LEX. This study demonstrates that supplementation of LEX to a low-energy diet without added oil improved performance, carcass weight and yield, reduced abdominal fat deposition, and improved intestinal morphology in broiler chickens.

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Effects of amino acid and energy density on growth performance and processing yield of mixed-sex Cobb 700 × MV broiler chickens

Cited by 15 publications

References 40 publications

Comparative effects of proteases on performance, carcass traits and gut structure of broilers fed diets reduced in protein and amino acids

Comparative effects of proteases on performance, carcass traits and gut structure of broilers fed diets reduced in protein and amino acids

Amino Acid Nutrition and Metabolism in Chickens

Effects of a Combination of Lysolecithin, Synthetic Emulsifier, and Monoglycerides on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, and Selected Carcass Traits in Broilers Fed Low-Energy Diets

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