Effects of amines on particle growth observed in new particle formation events

Tao, Ye; Ye, Xingnan; Jiang, Shuqing; Yang, Xin; Chen, Jianmin; Xie, Yuanyuan; Wang, Ruyu

doi:10.1002/2015jd024245

Cited by 64 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(87 reference statements)

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“…Numerous lab experiments and quantum chemical calculations reported amines play an important role in atmospheric nucleation and the growth of new particles (Zhang et al, 2012;Jen et 5 al., 2014;Chen et al, 2015aChen et al, , b, 2017Olenius et al, 2017), and oxalic acid, one of the most abundant dicarboxylic acids, was also proposed to be involved in NPF, and to be more readily bound to methylamine than to ammonia (Guo et al, 2016;Arquero et al, 2017;Hong et al, 2018). So far, it has been a challenge to accurately measure the mass concentrations of aminiums and oxalate in nucleation mode particles (Bzdek et al, 2013;Tao et al, 2016). During the sampling using the nano-MOUDI in this study, the bounce-off effect could be much large through a comparison between a rough estimation of mass concentration of 10 nanometer particles in three size bins of 10-56 nm using the number concentration measured by FMPS and the sum of ionic concentrations therein (not shown).…”

Section: The Roles Of Amines and Oxalic Acid In Growing New Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New particle formation in marine atmosphere during seven cruise campaigns

Zhu

Shen

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract. To study the particle number concentration, size distribution and new particle formation (NPF) events in marine atmosphere, we made measurements during six cruise campaigns over the marginal seas of China in 2011-2016 and one 10 campaign from the marginal seas to the Northwest Pacific Ocean (NWPO) in 2014. We observed relatively frequent NPF events in the atmosphere over the marginal seas of China, i.e., 23 out of 126 observational days with the highest occurrence frequency in fall, followed by spring and summer. 22 out of 23 NPF events were analyzed to be associated with the long-range transport of continental pollutants based on 24-hr air mass back trajectories and the pre-existing particle number concentrations largely exceeding the clean marine background, leaving one much weaker NPF event to be likely induced by oceanic precursors 15 alone and supported by multiple independent evidences. Although the long-range transport signal of continental pollutants can be clearly observed in the remote marine atmosphere over the NWPO, NPF events were observed only in 2 days out of 36 days. The nucleation mode particles (<30 nm), however, accounted for as high as 40%13% of the total particle number concentration during the NWPO cruise campaign, implying that there were many undetected NPF events in the sea-level atmosphere or above. 20To better characterize NPF events, we introduced a term, i.e., the net maximum increase in nucleation mode particles number concentration (NMINP) and correlated it with formation rate of new particles (FR). We found a moderately good linear correlation between NMINP and FR at FR 8 cm -3 s -1 , but there was no correlation at FR >8 cm -3 s -1. The possible mechanisms were argued in terms of roles of different vapor precursors. We also found a ceiling existing for the growth of new particles from 10 nm to larger size in most of NPF events. We thereby introduce a term, i.e., the maximum geometric 25 median diameter of new particles (Dpgmax) and correlate it with the growth rate of new particles (GR). A moderately good linear correlation was also obtained between Dpgmax and GR, and only GR larger than 7.9 nm h -1 can lead to new particles growing with Dpgmax beyond 50 nm. Combining simultaneous measurements of the particle number size distributions and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) at different super saturations (SS), we indeed observed a clear increase in CCN when the Dpg of new particles exceeded 50 nm at SS=0.4%. However, it was not the case for SS=0.2%. Consistent with previous studies in 30 continental atmosphere, our results implied that 50 nm can be used as the threshold for new particles to be activated as CCN in the marine atmosphere. Moreover, the κ decreased from 0.4 to 0.1 during the growth period of new particles, implying that Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., https://doi

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Section: The Roles Of Amines and Oxalic Acid In Growing New Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New particle formation in marine atmosphere during seven cruise campaigns

Zhu

Shen

et al. 2018

Preprint

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“…Recent work has shown that organic compounds may contribute considerably to particle nucleation (Ehn et al, 2014;Ortega et al, 2016;Tröstl et al, 2016;Willis et al, 2016). In particular, the need to measure and quantify gaseous atmospheric alkylamines has gained interest because of their exceptional ability to partake in atmospheric particle formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitation of 11 alkylamines in atmospheric samples: separating structural isomers by ion chromatography

et al. 2017

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Amines are important drivers in particle formation and growth, which have implications for Earth's climate. In this work, we developed an ion chromatographic (IC) method using sample cation-exchange preconcentration for separating and quantifying the nine most abundant atmospheric alkylamines (monomethylamine (MMAH + ), dimethylamine (DMAH + ), trimethylamine (TMAH + ), monoethylamine (MEAH + ), diethylamine (DEAH + ), triethylamine (TEAH + ), monopropylamine (MPAH + ), isomonopropylamine (iMPAH + ), and monobutylamine (MBAH + )) and two alkyl diamines (1, 4-diaminobutane (DABH + ) and 1, 5-diaminopentane (DAPH + )). Further, the developed method separates the suite of amines from five common atmospheric inorganic cations (Na + , NH + 4 , K + , Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ ). All 16 cations are greater than 95 % baseline resolved and elute in a runtime of 35 min. This paper describes the first successful separation of DEAH + and TMAH + by IC and achieves separation between three sets of structural isomers, providing specificity not possible by mass spectrometry. The method detection limits for the alkylamines are in the picogram per injection range and the method precision (±1σ ) analyzed over 3 months was within 16 % for all the cations. The performance of the IC method for atmospheric application was tested with biomass-burning (BB) particle extracts collected from two forest fire plumes in Canada. In extracts of a size-resolved BB sample from an aged plume, we detected and quantified MMAH + , DMAH + , TMAH + , MEAH + , DEAH + , and TEAH + in the presence of Na + , NH + 4 , and K + at molar ratios of amine to inorganic cation ranging from 1 : 2 to 1 : 1000. Quantities of DEAH + and DMAH + of 0.2-200 and 3-1200 ng m −3 , respectively, were present in the extracts and an unprecedented amine-to-ammonium molar ratio greater than 1 was observed in particles with diameters spanning 56-180 nm. Extracts of respirable fine-mode particles (PM 2.5 ) from a summer forest fire in British Columbia in 2015 were found to contain iMPAH + , TMAH + , DEAH + and TEAH + at molar ratios of 1 : 300 with the dominant cations. The amine-to-ammonium ratio in a time series of samples never exceeded 0.15 during the sampling of the plume. These results and an amine standard addition demonstrate the robustness and sensitivity of the developed method when applied to the complex matrix of BB particle samples. The detection of multiple alkylamines in the analyzed BB samples indicates that this speciation and quantitation approach can be used to constrain BB emission estimates and the biogeochemical cycling of these reduced nitrogen species.

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“…[81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88] Relevant to this, carboxylates and aminium ions have been shown to coexist in atmospheric particles. [89][90][91] We report here the results of studies of the uptake of gaseous n-butylamine on a series of solid diacids (C3-C8; HOOC(CH 2 ) n COOH, where n = 1-6) in a Knudsen cell at 296 AE 1 K. In addition to…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%