Effects of alloxan and streptozotocin at high doses on blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, and responsiveness to sulphonylureas in chickens

Danby, R.; Bluff, L.; Deheny, T.P.; Gibson, W. P. R.

doi:10.1016/0016-6480(82)90217-9

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The effect of alloxan and STZ administration was also studied in non-mammalian animals. In chickens, alloxan or STZ administration does not induce DM at any dose [43]. Castineiras with co-workers described that alloxan applied to frogs in non-lethal dose was not able to induce DM, while STZ application led to DM in half of the animals [44].…”

Section: Chemical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Models in Diabetic Research—History, Presence, and Future Perspectives

Pandey,

Chmelir,

Chottova Dvorakova

2023

Biomedicines

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a very serious disease, the incidence of which has been increasing worldwide. The beginning of diabetic research can be traced back to the 17th century. Since then, animals have been experimented on for diabetic research. However, the greatest development of diabetes research occurred in the second half of the last century, along with the development of laboratory techniques. Information obtained by monitoring patients and animal models led to the finding that there are several types of DM that differ significantly from each other in the causes of the onset and course of the disease. Through different types of animal models, researchers have studied the pathophysiology of all types of diabetic conditions and discovered suitable methods for therapy. Interestingly, despite the unquestionable success in understanding DM through animal models, we did not fully succeed in transferring the data obtained from animal models to human clinical research. On the contrary, we have observed that the chances of drug failure in human clinical trials are very high. In this review, we will summarize the history and presence of animal models in the research of DM over the last hundred years. Furthermore, we have summarized the new methodological approaches, such as “organ-on-chip,” that have the potential to screen the newly discovered drugs for human clinical trials and advance the level of knowledge about diabetes, as well as its therapy, towards a personalized approach.

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Section: Chemical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Models in Diabetic Research—History, Presence, and Future Perspectives

Pandey,

Chmelir,

Chottova Dvorakova

2023

Biomedicines

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“…Another characteristic of domestic chickens is their resistance to streptozotocine (Danby et al, 1982;Modak et al, 2007), which has been widely used as a model of insulin-dependent diabetes by destroying pancreatic β-cells in mammals (Morgan et al, 1994;Raza et al, 2004a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Relationship between Glucose and Pancreatic Hormones during the Embryonic and Postnatal Phase in Chickens

Franssens

Buyse

Decuypere

et al. 2014

Avian Biology Research

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Insulin plays a vital role in the regulation of glucose levels in the bloodstream. Chickens have similar circulating insulin concentrations compared to mammals but still maintain high plasma glucose levels. This phenomenon may be a consequence of the development of insulin resistance early in posthatch life, which may be the result of pertubations in the insulin signalling cascade. In addition, our study demonstrates that the response of plasma glucose and the hepatic glucose transporter 2 mRNA to insulin in broiler chicks during the perinatal period is age-dependent. This review addresses the relationship between glucose and pancreatic hormones in embryonic and posthatch stages in the life cycle of the domestic chicken.

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“…Alloxan and streptozotocin (SZ) are well known diabetogenic agents that cause beta cell necrosis in all vertebrate animals examined (Bentley 1998;Okuno et al 2007), except birds (Danby et al 1982). Relatively little is known in reptiles including turtles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of alloxan on ultrastructural and hormonal changes of the endocrine pancreas with hormonal profiles of adrenal gland and their influence on carbohydrate metabolism in soft-shelled turtles,Lissemys punctata punctataBonnoterre

Sarkar

Maiti

2012

Italian Journal of Zoology

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Alloxan action on B-and non-B-cells of the endocrine pancreas, adrenal gland and their influence on carbohydrate metabolism are not clearly understood in chelonians. Earlier findings were inconsistent and inexhaustive. These issues were investigated from cytological, ultrastructural, immunocytochemical (B cells) and hormonal (insulin) standpoints in soft-shelled turtles. Alloxan treatment (200 mg/kg body wt on alternate day for 6 days) significantly increased population of necrotic B-cells (87%) with decrease of healthy B-cell population, cell size and nuclear size, and increase of cell/nucleus (C/N) ratio. Ultrastructurally, B-cells were necrotic with extremely pycnotic nucleus, disorganized hypervacuolated cell cytoplasm, and indistinct, clustered secretory granules. The intensity of reaction of insulin-immunoreactive (insulin-IR) B cells and serum insulin level were drastically decreased. Alloxan also caused ultrastructural changes of A-cells, with hyperchromatic nucleus, clustered secretory granules and abundance of vacuoles in the cytoplasm. Population and size of A -cells were significantly declined without significant changes in necrotic cell population, nuclear size and C/N ratio. Alloxan partially increased necrotic D-cell population with decreased cell size and nuclear size, and increased population of healthy D-cells. Ultrastructurally, large vesicular structures and secretory granules, surrounded by peripheral halo were abundant. Small granule size was reduced with increase of its population and decrease of large granule population. Alloxan increased population of healthy PP-cells with increased cell and nuclear size. Granule size and population were altered in A-, D-and PP-cells after alloxan treatment. Adrenal corticosterone level was decreased with increased levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine. Liver glycogen level was declined with elevated level of serum glucose, but muscle glycogen level was increased with a fall in serum lactate level. Alloxan causes diabetes by inducing B-cell necrosis and also affects non -B cells of the endocrine pancreas. Alloxan also disturbs adrenal hormone production and affects carbohydrate metabolism in turtles.

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Effects of alloxan and streptozotocin at high doses on blood glucose levels, glucose tolerance, and responsiveness to sulphonylureas in chickens

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Animal Models in Diabetic Research—History, Presence, and Future Perspectives

Animal Models in Diabetic Research—History, Presence, and Future Perspectives

Relationship between Glucose and Pancreatic Hormones during the Embryonic and Postnatal Phase in Chickens

Effect of alloxan on ultrastructural and hormonal changes of the endocrine pancreas with hormonal profiles of adrenal gland and their influence on carbohydrate metabolism in soft-shelled turtles,Lissemys punctata punctataBonnoterre

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