Effects of Alcohol Dependence Severity on Neural Correlates of Delay Discounting

Lim, Aaron C.; Cservenka, Anita; Ray, Lara A.

doi:10.1093/alcalc/agx015

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…These differing results may in part be due to the higher average AUD severity in this previous study. As alcohol dependence severity is associated with weakened frontostriatal connectivity and dysregulated activity during effortful decision making (Courtney et al, 2013;Lim et al, 2017), these results suggest that Asp40 carriers with more severe AUD require increased recruitment of frontal systems to regulate striatal reward processing regions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Neuroimaging findings from an experimental pharmacology trial of naltrexone in heavy drinkers of East Asian descent

Lim

Ghahremani

Grodin

et al. 2019

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background: Despite known genetic variation across races, studies examining pharmacogenetics of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the mu-opioid receptor gene (OPRM1) on clinical response to naltrexone have been conducted in predominantly Caucasian samples. Evidence is mixed for pharmacogenetic OPRM1 and naltrexone effects on neural responses to alcohol cues. The current study tests the pharmacogenetic effects of naltrexone and OPRM1 on neural responses to alcohol taste cues in heavy drinkers of East Asian descent. Methods: Participants (N=41) completed two double-blinded and counterbalanced functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) sessions: one after taking naltrexone (50 mg/day) for four days and one after taking placebo for four days. Following titration, participants completed an fMRI alcohol taste-cues task. Analyses tested effects of naltrexone, OPRM1, and their interaction in whole-brain and region of interest (ROI) analyses of functional activation and functional connectivity in response to alcohol versus water taste cues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Neuroimaging findings from an experimental pharmacology trial of naltrexone in heavy drinkers of East Asian descent

Lim

Ghahremani

Grodin

et al. 2019

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…A recent study reported that alcohol dependence severity was positively associated with activation in paracingulate gyrus and frontal pole in delayed relative to impulsive, immediate decisions (Lim et al ., ). Our results extend those previous findings and demonstrate that the increased recruitment of prefrontal areas, particularly of frontal pole, may indeed be required to delay reward successfully.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Binge drinking is associated with attenuated frontal and parietal activation during successful response inhibition in fearful context

Herman

Critchley

Duka

2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

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Binge drinking is associated with increased impulsivity and altered emotional processing. This study investigated, in a group of university students who differed in their level of binge drinking, whether the ability to inhibit a pre-potent response and to delay gratification is disrupted in the presence of emotional context. We further tested whether functional connectivity within intrinsic resting-state networks was associated with alcohol use. Higher incidence of binge drinking was associated with enhanced activation of the lateral occipital cortex, angular gyrus, the left frontal pole during successful response inhibition irrespective of emotional context. This observation suggests a compensatory mechanism. However, higher binge drinking attenuated frontal and parietal activation during successful response inhibition within a fearful context, indicating the selective emotional facilitation of inhibitory control. Similarly, higher binge drinking was associated with attenuated frontopolar activation when choosing a delayed reward over an immediate reward within the fearful, relative to the neutral, context. Resting-state functional data analysis revealed that binge drinking decreased coupling between the right supramarginal gyrus and Ventral Attention Network, indicating alcohol-associated disruption of functional connectivity within brain substrates directing attention. Together, our results suggest that binge drinking makes response inhibition more effortful, yet emotional (more arousing) contexts may mitigate this; disrupted functional connectivity between regions underlying adaptive attentional control, is a likely mechanism underlying these response inhibition effects associated with binge drinking.

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“…First, alcohol dependence symptoms are sometimes associated with higher breakpoints in demand tasks, suggesting dependence is associated with the discounting of price costs (MacKillop et al 2015 ), and student drinkers with a family history of alcoholism are less sensitive to the effect of imagined next-day responsibilities on reducing alcohol demand (Murphy et al 2014 ). Second, alcohol dependence symptoms are associated with a steeper delay discounting of rewards, which could theoretically extend to neglect of future costs associated with alcohol (Lim et al 2017 ; MacKillop et al 2011 ; Petry 2001 ; Vuchinich and Simpson 1998 ). Third, drug users show deficits in reversal learning which could be driven by insensitivity to punishment of the incorrect response during reversal (Ersche et al 2008 ; Fortier et al 2008 ; Reiter et al 2016 ; Vanes et al 2014 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these tasks, drinkers choose between smaller immediate and larger delayed rewards (alcohol or money). It is typically found that alcohol use disorder symptoms are associated with a greater preference for the smaller immediate reward (Lim et al 2017 ; MacKillop et al 2011 ; Petry 2001 ; Vuchinich and Simpson 1998 ). One interpretation of this result is that dependence is associated with greater sensitivity to time delay costs (not cost discounting), because the value of the reward declines more steeply with delay.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol use disorder symptoms are associated with greater relative value ascribed to alcohol, but not greater discounting of costs imposed on alcohol

Hogarth

Hardy

2018

Psychopharmacology

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RationaleAlcohol dependence is characterised by persistent drinking despite health, social and economic costs. Behavioural economics has proposed two explanations for the persistence of alcohol use despite costs. Dependent individuals may (a) ascribe excessively high value to alcohol, such that costs associated with alcohol are exceeded, and/or (b) they may discount (neglect) the costs associated with alcohol.MethodsTo test these predictions, the current study recruited 127 student drinkers who reported varied alcohol use disorder symptom severity in the Alcohol Use Disorders Inventory Test (AUDIT; mean = 11.17, 69% above the hazardous cutoff). Participants made concurrent forced choices between alcohol and food points under conditions that manipulated the magnitude of points (1, 2 or 3) and the delay to receive points (0 or 3 s). Alcohol value was indexed by preferential choice of alcohol versus food points, whereas sensitivity to costs was indexed by the decrease in alcohol choice when food points were of greater magnitude (sensitivity to opportunity costs) and when alcohol points were delayed (sensitivity to delay costs).ResultsPercent choice of alcohol over food varied consistently with the relative magnitude of reward points offered (p < .001) and with time delays imposed on reward points (p < .001). AUDIT scores were associated with greater alcohol versus food choice across all conditions (p = .001). As alcohol use disorder symptom severity increased, the sensitivity of alcohol choice to the relative magnitude of points (p = .29) and time delays (p = .62) remained unchanged, suggesting no differential discounting of opportunity or delay costs imposed on alcohol. In contrasts of AUDIT categories, there was comparable sensitivity to costs across groups defined as low-risk (N = 39), hazardous (n = 57), harmful (n = 20) and possible dependent drinkers (n = 11).ConclusionsAlcohol use disorder symptom severity is associated with greater relative value ascribed to alcohol, but not with greater discounting of opportunity or delay costs imposed on alcohol. Despite limitations of the current study, it may be concluded that cost discounting plays a lesser role in dependence than previously thought.

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Effects of Alcohol Dependence Severity on Neural Correlates of Delay Discounting

Abstract: Among alcohol-dependent individuals, alcohol dependence severity is associated with overactivation of ventromedial prefrontal areas during delayed and underactivation of dorsolateral prefrontal regions during impulsive reward decisions.

Cited by 40 publications

References 53 publications

Neuroimaging findings from an experimental pharmacology trial of naltrexone in heavy drinkers of East Asian descent

Neuroimaging findings from an experimental pharmacology trial of naltrexone in heavy drinkers of East Asian descent

Binge drinking is associated with attenuated frontal and parietal activation during successful response inhibition in fearful context

Alcohol use disorder symptoms are associated with greater relative value ascribed to alcohol, but not greater discounting of costs imposed on alcohol

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