Effects of Al doping on SnO2 nanofibers in hydrogen sensor

Xu, Xiuru; Sun, Junli; Zhang, Hongnan; Wang, Zhaojie; Dong, Bo; Jiang, Tingting; Wang, Wei; Li, Zhenyu; Wang, Ce

doi:10.1016/j.snb.2011.08.072

Cited by 77 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The aselectrospun SnCl 2 /PVP nanofibers showed no obvious crystal peak, indicating an amorphous state. In contrast, strong diffraction peaks corresponding to SnO 2 crystal planes of (110), (101), (200), (211), (220), (002), (310), (112), (301), (202), and (321) were found in the spectrum, which matched well with the standard XRD data of SnO 2 (JCPDS-41-1445) [15]. This confirms that SnCl 2 has been converted to SnO 2 , and PVP has been removed from the fibers after the calcination treatment.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Nanofibrousp-nJunction and Its Rectifying Characteristics

Fang

Wang

Lin

2013

Journal of Nanomaterials

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Randomly oriented tin oxide (SnO 2 ) nanofibers and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PEDOT:PSS/PVP) nanofibers were prepared by a two-step electrospinning technique to form a layered fibrous mat. The current-voltage measurement revealed that the fibrous mat had an obvious diode-rectifying characteristic. The thickness of the nanofiber layers was found to have a considerable influence on the device resistance and rectifying performance. Such an interesting rectifying property was attributed to the formation of a -junction between the fibrous SnO 2 and PEDOT:PSS/PVP layers. This is the first report that a rectifying junction can be formed between two layers of electrospun nanofiber mats, and the resulting nanofibrous diode rectifier may find applications in sensors, energy harvest, and electronic textiles.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Nanofibrousp-nJunction and Its Rectifying Characteristics

Fang

Wang

Lin

2013

Journal of Nanomaterials

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“…It was found that 1% Al-SnO 2 /PANI nanofibers showed better response to H 2 gas as compared to that of 1% Al-SnO 2 reported, Xu et al (2011). The maximum sensitivity at very low temperature (48 o C) was observed for 1% Al-SnO 2 /PANI nanofibers, whereas 1% Al-SnO 2 nanofibers showed the maximum sensitivity at 340˚C for 100 ppm hydrogen gas, Xu et al (2011). When PANI mixed with AlSnO 2 , then nanocomposite will have synergistic effect of both the components due to which the composite material requires less amount of energy for the electrons to move from valance band to conduction band i.e.…”

Section: Hydrogen Gas Sensingmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Hydrogen Gas Sensingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Electrospun Nanofibers of Conducting Polyaniline/Al-SnO2 Composites for Hydrogen Sensing Applications

Sharma

Jamkar

Kondawar

2015

Procedia Materials Science

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In this paper, we report the synthesis and characterization of composites of polyaniline and aluminum doped tin oxide (AlSnO 2 /PANI) nanofibers for hydrogen gas sensing application. Al-SnO 2 /PANI composite nanofibers have been fabricated via electrospinning technique and subsequent calcination procedure. The as-prepared Al-SnO 2 /PANI composite nanofibers were investigated for structural characterizations by means of SEM, FTIR, UV-VIS and XRD. SEM revealed the nanofibers with the diameter around 200-300 nm formed a non-woven material with highly porous and agglomerated structure. FTIR and UV-VIS spectra revealed the possible incorporation of Al-SnO 2 in PANI and confirmed the uniform attachment of PANI on the surface of Al-SnO 2 nanostructures. XRD showed peak broadening and the peak positions shift from standard values, indicating presence of aluminum doped tin oxide in nanoparticles form in the polyaniline (PANI) matrix. On exposure to hydrogen gas (1000 ppm), it was found that the nanofibers of Al-SnO 2 /PANI composite showed high sensitivity at 48 o C with relatively faster response/recovery as compared to pure SnO 2 and Al doped SnO 2 nanofibers.

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“…The sensitivity of SnO 2 /PANI composite nanofibers to 1000 ppm and 2000 ppm of H 2 gas at different temperature is shown in Figure 5. SnO 2 /PANI composite nanofibers have shown better sensitivity and response to H 2 gas at lower operating temperature (~50 o C), where as pristine SnO 2 nanofibers are insensitive at such low temperature and sensitive only at more than 200 o C [5]. Similarly, SnO 2 /PANI composite nanofibers have shown appreciable sensitivity even for 1000 and 2000 ppm of H 2 gas.…”

Section: Hydrogen Gas Sensingmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Metal-oxides have been utilized in several devices such as flat panel displays, transparent electrodes, photo sensors, photo catalysts, antistatic coatings, solar cells and gas sensors for the detection of H 2 , NH 3 and NO 2 gases [3,4]. Nanofibers of semiconducting metal-oxides have been successfully fabricated and widely utilized for gas sensors due to their sensing properties based on the surface reaction between the metal-oxides and adsorbed gas species on exposure to specific gas [5]. Nanofibers of pure and doped SnO 2 have been exposed with high sensing characteristics, but the high operating temperature (200-400 o C) of these sensors may be inadequate for measuring high gas concentrations due to the danger of explosions [6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrospun SnO2/Polyaniline composite nanofibers based low temperature hydrogen gas sensor

2015

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Fabrication of tin dioxide/polyaniline (SnO 2 /PANI) composite nanofibers by electrospinning technique for hydrogen gas sensing at low temperature is reported. Usually, nanofibers of pure or doped metal-oxide as gas sensor require high operating temperature more than 200 o C. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet visible (UV-VIS) spectral analysis of as-prepared SnO 2 /PANI composite nanofibers revealed the incorporation of SnO 2 in PANI matrix. Scanning electron micrographs (SEM) showed the increased in diameter of SnO 2 /PANI composite nanofibers as compared to that of pristine SnO 2 nanofibers of average diameter of 200 nm, indicated the encapsulation of PANI on the surface of SnO 2 nanocrystallites. The presence of tetragonal and crystalline structure of SnO 2 in as-prepared SnO 2 /PANI composite nanofibers was not affected with the incorporation of PANI as confirmed from X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern. Compared with the pristine SnO 2 nanofibers, the SnO 2 /PANI composite nanofibers showed improved hydrogen gas sensing nearly at room temperature. The proposed sensing mechanism was systematically co-related to the existence of p-n heterojunction in SnO 2 /PANI hybrid material.

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Effects of Al doping on SnO2 nanofibers in hydrogen sensor

Cited by 77 publications

References 30 publications

Nanofibrousp-nJunction and Its Rectifying Characteristics

Nanofibrousp-nJunction and Its Rectifying Characteristics

Electrospun Nanofibers of Conducting Polyaniline/Al-SnO2 Composites for Hydrogen Sensing Applications

Electrospun SnO2/Polyaniline composite nanofibers based low temperature hydrogen gas sensor

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