Effects of aging on arterial distensibility in populations with high and low prevalence of hypertension: comparison between urban and rural communities in China.

Abstract

.630, p < .001. Aortic pulse wave velocity in the Guangzhou group was consistently lower than that in the Beijing group when compared in subjects with the same arterial pressure at the same age, indicating a difference in aortic distensibility between the two groups, independent of arterial pressure. Results in two ethnically similar population groups with low serum cholesterol and low prevalence of atherosclerosis but markedly different prevalence of hypertension suggest that salt intake has an independent effect on arteriolar tone and arterial wall properties, with the former indirectly and the latter directly contributing to increased arterial stiffness with age.

Age dependency of peripheral and central systolic blood pressures: cross-sectional and longitudinal observations in a Chinese population

“…In Guangzhou subjects, pulse wave velocity was consistently lower in the aorta, arm and leg, and increased to a lesser degree with age, compared with Beijing subjects. 5 The contemporary cholesterol levels were 4.34 mmol l À1 in Guangzhou subjects and 4.49 mmol l À1 in Beijing subjects. 5 In our Chinese population, cholesterol levels were of similar magnitude (4.73 mmol l À1 ), but the prevalence of hypertension was much higher (27.2%).…”

“…5 The contemporary cholesterol levels were 4.34 mmol l À1 in Guangzhou subjects and 4.49 mmol l À1 in Beijing subjects. 5 In our Chinese population, cholesterol levels were of similar magnitude (4.73 mmol l À1 ), but the prevalence of hypertension was much higher (27.2%). Our current observations strengthen Avolio's hypothesis 5 that slowly progressing degeneration of the arterial wall through cyclic stress is the main cause of the age-related increase in SBP.…”

“…In 1985, Avolio et al 5 contrasted the Chinese living in areas with low and high prevalence of hypertension, Guangzhou (4.9%) and Beijing (15.6%), respectively. In Guangzhou subjects, pulse wave velocity was consistently lower in the aorta, arm and leg, and increased to a lesser degree with age, compared with Beijing subjects.…”

“…However, the initial evidence supporting the principle of the age dependency of amplification of the central BP came from animal experiments 2 and invasive studies in selected subjects. [2][3][4] Among the published population studies on the age dependency of arterial stiffness, [5][6][7][8][9][10] most focused on pulse wave velocity, [5][6][7][8] the ratio of pulse pressure in peripheral vs. central arteries, 10 or the augmentation index 7,9 in selected healthy subjects [7][8][9][10] and patients at increased cardiovascular risk. 11 We previously reported age-specific reference values for the peripheral and central pulse pressures and augmentation indexes in a healthy Chinese reference population.…”

Mechanical characterisation of polyurethane elastomer for biomedical applications

“…It exhibits strong mechanical anisotropy, nonlinear 29 stress-strain behaviour, viscoelasticity and poroelasticity (Julia et al, 1966;L'Italien et al, 1994). Its 30 stress-strain behaviour is also dependent on local hemodynamics and shear stress (Stephanie et al,31 1998; Glagov, 1994;Barbee et al, 1994;Tronc et al, 1996), age and inactivity (Vaitkevicious et al,32 1993; Kelly et al, 1989;Avolio et al, 1985), pathological infections (David et al, 2002) and high 33 blood pressure (Avolio et al, 1985), and vary widely along the arterial tree (Mangel et al, 1996).…”