Effects of aging and depression on mnemonic discrimination ability

Camfield, David; Fontana, Rosana da Silva; Wesnes, Keith; Mills, Jessica; Croft, Rodney J.

doi:10.1080/13825585.2017.1325827

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…We therefore decided to stick to objective performance measures to filter out problematic data, but do acknowledge the importance of finding ways to assess cognitive impairment in future studies. As for depression, Mturkers do exhibit a higher prevalence of anxiety and depression disorders compared to the general population, which in turn have been linked to deficits in mnemonic discrimination performance (Camfield, Fontana, Wesnes, Mills, & Croft, 2017). It seems unlikely to us, however, that the age effects found in the present study were driven by depression.…”

Section: Challenges and Opportunities Of Internet-based Testingmentioning

confidence: 55%

Age impairs mnemonic discrimination of objects more than scenes: A web-based, large-scale approach across the lifespan

Güsten

Ziegler

Düzel

et al. 2021

Cortex

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Section: Challenges and Opportunities Of Internet-based Testingmentioning

confidence: 55%

Age impairs mnemonic discrimination of objects more than scenes: A web-based, large-scale approach across the lifespan

Güsten

Ziegler

Düzel

et al. 2021

Cortex

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“…It should be noted, however, that evidence for the role of executive functions in mnemonic discrimination is mixed, with some studies failing to identify effects ( Davidson et al, 2019 ; Toner et al, 2009 ), and others suggesting that executive function impacts performance ( Camfield, Fontana, Wesnes, Mills, & Croft, 2018 ; Trelle et al, 2017 ). One difference across studies is the use of an old/similar/new response option and inclusion of novel foils in prior work, as compared to the old/new response option with targets and similar lures in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive function and high ambiguity perceptual discrimination contribute to individual differences in mnemonic discrimination in older adults

et al. 2021

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Mnemonic discrimination deficits, or impaired ability to discriminate between similar events in memory, is a hallmark of cognitive aging, characterised by a stark age-related increase in false recognition. While individual differences in mnemonic discrimination have gained attention due to potential relevance for early detection of Alzheimer's disease, our understanding of the component processes that contribute to variability in task performance across older adults remains limited. The present investigation explores the roles of representational quality, indexed by perceptual discrimination of objects and scenes with overlapping features, and strategic retrieval ability, indexed by standardised tests of executive function, to mnemonic discrimination in a large cohort of older adults ( N =124). We took an individual differences approach and characterised the contributions of these factors to performance under Forced Choice (FC) and Yes/No (YN) recognition memory formats, which place different demands on strategic retrieval. Performance in both test formats declined with age. Accounting for age, individual differences in FC memory performance were best explained by perceptual discrimination score, whereas YN memory performance was best explained by executive functions. A linear mixed model and dominance analyses confirmed the relatively greater importance of perceptual discrimination over executive functioning for FC performance, while the opposite was true for YN. These findings highlight parallels between perceptual and mnemonic discrimination in aging, the importance of considering demands on executive functions in the context of mnemonic discrimination, and the relevance of test format for modulating the impact of these factors on performance in older adults.

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“…The interplay of both PFC and HC is crucial in a series of adaptive learning paradigms such as reversal learning, threat extinction, context discrimination and generalization [ 87 , 88 ]. Stress-related disorders such as MDD have been linked to reduced mnemonic discrimination performance [ 89 ]. It has been argued that this propensity to form or recall information in an unspecific, more generalized way, could in part be due to reduced hippocampal function and connectivity [ 90 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unpredictable chronic mild stress differentially impairs social and contextual discrimination learning in two inbred mouse strains

et al. 2017

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Alterations in the social and cognitive domain are considered important indicators for increased disability in many stress-related disorders. Similar impairments have been observed in rodents chronically exposed to stress, mimicking potential endophenotypes of stress-related psychopathologies such as major depression disorder (MDD), anxiety, conduct disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Data from numerous studies suggest that deficient plasticity mechanisms in hippocampus (HC) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) might underlie these social and cognitive deficits. Specifically, stress-induced deficiencies in neural plasticity have been associated with a hypodopaminergic state and reduced neural plasticity persistence. Here we assessed the effects of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) on exploratory, social and cognitive behavior of females of two inbred mouse strains (C57BL/6J and DBA/2J) that differ in their dopaminergic profile. Exposure to chronic stress resulted in impaired circadian rhythmicity, sociability and social cognition in both inbred strains, but differentially affected activity patterns and contextual discrimination performance. These stress-induced behavioral impairments were accompanied by reduced expression levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the prefrontal cortex. The strain-specific cognitive impairment was coexistent with enhanced plasma corticosterone levels and reduced expression of genes related to dopamine signaling in hippocampus. These results underline the importance of assessing different strains with multiple test batteries to elucidate the neural and genetic basis of social and cognitive impairments related to chronic stress.

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Effects of aging and depression on mnemonic discrimination ability

Cited by 13 publications

References 63 publications

Age impairs mnemonic discrimination of objects more than scenes: A web-based, large-scale approach across the lifespan

Age impairs mnemonic discrimination of objects more than scenes: A web-based, large-scale approach across the lifespan

Executive function and high ambiguity perceptual discrimination contribute to individual differences in mnemonic discrimination in older adults

Unpredictable chronic mild stress differentially impairs social and contextual discrimination learning in two inbred mouse strains

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