Effects of aggregation and sample size on composite faecal egg counts in sheep

Morgan, Eric R.; Cavill, L.; Curry, G.E.; Wood, R.; Mitchell, Eileen

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.04.021

Cited by 99 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Its use has been described in detail in many diagnostics, both animal (Coles et al 1992;Karamon et al 2008;Morgan et al 2005;Nichols and Obendorf 1994;Pereckiene et al 2007;Rinaldi et al 2007;Ward et al 1997) and human (Bondarenko et al 2009;Flohr et al 2007;Stephenson et al 1989). Different McMaster method modifications use various weight of faeces examined, volumes and types of flotation solutions, sample dilutions, flotation times, applications of additional centrifugation, durations and speeds of centrifugation, numbers of sections of the McMaster slide counted and different coefficients for interpretation (Cringoli et al 2004;Karamon et al 2008;Pereckiene et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which McMaster egg counting technique is the most reliable?

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study focuses on the comparison of three selected modifications of the McMaster counting technique, namely the McMaster method modified by Wetzel (W) and Zajíček (Z), as well as the concentration McMaster technique according to Roepstorff and Nansen (R&N). These modifications differ in the weights of faeces examined (W, 2 g/Z, 1 g/R&N, 4 g), flotation solutions (W, NaCl/Z, MgSO(4) + Na(2)S(2)O(3)/R&N, NaCl + glucose), centrifugation (W, none/Z, 2,000 RPM for 2 min and 2,000 RPM for 1 min/R&N, 1,200 RPM for 5 min), number of McMaster chambers investigated (W, 3/Z, 2/R&N, 2), and multiplication factors used (W, 67/Z, 33/R&N, 20). To investigate the sensitivity and reliability of these methods, nematode eggs (Teladorsagia circumcincta) were used. Parasite elements are distributed through negative binomial distribution in naturally infected host faeces, and the number of parasite elements in a given amount of faeces sample is unknown to man. Therefore, we decided to prepare the exact number of eggs which were added to the parasite negative faeces; the faecal sample was then investigated. From this perspective, this is the first time a comparison of the McMaster methods has been so accurately investigated. This approach allows us to evaluate the real sensitivity and reliability of the tested method. As the findings of this study indicate, the highest sensitivity and reliability were obtained using the Roepstorff and Nansen modification. This McMaster modification is able to detect 20 eggs per sample (in 70% of samples). Concentrations of 200 and 500 eggs can be found in almost 100% of samples. Moreover, this method is simple, cheap and fast. For these reasons, we can recommend this method for routine veterinary practice.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Which McMaster egg counting technique is the most reliable?

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such errors are much less likely where there is only random variation between replicates. Morgan et al (2005), using the McMaster technique, reported that there was only Poisson variation between replicates for helminth eggs. In our study, there was evidence of extra Poisson variation between replicates for counts of A. vasorum larvae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reasons for the differences are not obvious, although larvae, unlike eggs, may remain motile during the processing, and thus, may contribute to the variation observed in our study. Morgan et al (2005) also recommended the use of four replicates for faecal egg counts (FEC) in composite samples to avoid errors resulting from the random distribution of eggs in the faeces. Such errors could result in an inaccurate estimate of the FEC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of faecal techniques including FLOTAC for copromicroscopic detection of first stage larvae of Angiostrongylus vasorum

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Angiostrongylus vasorum is a metastrongylid nematode that resides in the pulmonary arteries and the right heart chambers. In dogs, infection results in respiratory, bleeding and neurological disorders and further clinical signs. In the present study, FLOTAC was evaluated for the detection of first-stage larvae (L1) of A. vasorum in canine faecal samples. This technique is based on the counting of parasitic stages (eggs, larvae, oocysts and cysts) in chambers after spinning of faecal samples onto a surface. In a first step, nine flotation solutions were evaluated using faeces of two experimentally infected dogs. Zinc sulphate (specific gravity (s.g.) 1.2) and zinc sulphate plus potassium iodomercurate (s.g. 1.45) gave good results. However, with the latter technique, the larvae were slightly deformed. Subsequently, FLOTAC, using zinc sulphate, was compared through a randomisation technique with McMaster, flotation in tube and Baermann-Wetzel technique. The mean larvae per gramme (LPG) obtained by the FLOTAC for both dogs was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those obtained by the other three techniques (the means of the other techniques all lie below the 95% CI of the mean LPG of the FLOTAC technique). In addition, the FLOTAC results were consistent across replicates with only Poisson (or random) variation between individual replicates. The other techniques appear to be less consistent with evidence of extra-Poisson variation in at least one of the two dogs across the replicates within each technique. The FLOTAC technique may contribute to an improvement of the ability to diagnose canine lungworm infections and represent a valuable alternative for larval counting of A. vasorum in faecal samples, especially following transport or storage where there may be limited larvae viability, and larval migration techniques cannot be used.

show abstract

“…Oocysts counts were expressed as oocyst per gram of litter and were determined for each pen obtaining three repetitions per group. The McMaster technique was carried out to smooth variation in such a way that the overall variance in oocyst counts approaches an irreducible minimum for a particular sample size and degree of aggregation (Long & Rowell 1975;Mathis et al 2004;Morgan et al 2005).…”

Section: Body Weight Gainmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo anticoccidial activity of quinfamide in broilers: a preliminary report

Aquino

Alcalá

Gutiérrez

et al. 2016

Italian Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this trial was to evaluate the anticoccidial efficacy of quinfamide in broilers. Three different treatments were implemented over a 49-day period as follows: quinfamide; quinfamide plus carbopol and decoquinate, all prepared as small pellets and mixed with feed at a final dose of either active principle of 30 ppm. Parameters measured were: weight gain, number of oocysts shedding per gram of litter and degree of gross lesions caused by coccidia. Body weight gain was statistically greater for quinfamide and quinfamide-carbopol groups in comparison to other groups. However, only the quinfamide-carbopol group showed similar efficacy in the occyst counts as compared to the decoquinate group. Statistically significant differences were observed when intestinal lesions score were compared and the less affected group was quinfamide-carbopol. Based on these results, it is concluded that quinfamide possesses a low anticoccidial efficacy. However, this is noticeably improved when it is prepared as pellets with carbopol. The adhesion of carbopol to intestinal mucosa may influence residence time of quinfamide in the gastrointestinal tract, thus enhancing efficacy. ARTICLE HISTORY

show abstract

Effects of aggregation and sample size on composite faecal egg counts in sheep

Cited by 99 publications

References 25 publications

Which McMaster egg counting technique is the most reliable?

Which McMaster egg counting technique is the most reliable?

Comparison of faecal techniques including FLOTAC for copromicroscopic detection of first stage larvae of Angiostrongylus vasorum

In vivo anticoccidial activity of quinfamide in broilers: a preliminary report

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About