Effects of ageing on the cardiopulmonary receptor reflex in normotensive humans

Cléroux, Jean; Giannattasio, Cristina; Grassı, Guıdo; Seravalle, Gino; Sampieri, Lorena; Cuspidi, Cesare; Bolla, G.; Valsecchi, M. A.; Mazzola, C; Mancia, Giuseppe

doi:10.1097/00004872-198812040-00041

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Maintained thicknesses of the PWD and the IVSD rule out any heart hypertrophy with this short training protocol. Training had no detrimental effect on resting and maximal blood pressure, despite attenuation of high-pressure baroreceptor sensitivity with aging (2). There might also have been a reduction in peripheral resistance because of increased muscle vasodilation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…When our elderly volunteers in the pretraining stage are compared with younger populations (4,17), they are in a hyperosmotic hypovolemic state, with higher plasma osmolarity (although within physiological range) and lower BV. Elevation of thirst plasma osmolality threshold and impaired perception of thirst (17), attenuation of cardiopulmorary volume-pressure baroreflex function (2,12,25), and loss of interaction between cardiopulmonary and aorticcarotid reflexes (25) have been described in connection with aging. Despite this age-associated decline of functions, elderly subjects can adapt to training as well as do the young.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of endurance training on the cardiovascular system and water compartments in elderly subjects

Pickering¹,

Fellmann

Morio

et al. 1997

Journal of Applied Physiology

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The effects of endurance training on the water compartments and the cardiovascular system were determined in 10 elderly subjects [age 62 +/- 2 yr, pretraining maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max)/kg = 25 +/- 2 ml . min-1 . kg-1 body wt]. They trained on a cycloergometer 3 times/wk for 16 wk (50-80% VO2 max, then 80-85% VO2 max). They were checked at 8 wk, 16 wk, and 4 mo after detraining. Training improved VO2 max (+16%) and induced plasma volume expansion (+11%). No change in total body water, extracellular fluid, interstitial and intracellular fluid volumes, fat-free mass, and body weight was detected in this small sample with training. Body fat mass decreased (-2.1 +/- 2.2 kg). Echocardiography at rest showed increased fractional shortening and ejection fraction and decreased left ventricular end-systolic dimension (P < 0.05). Blood volume expansion correlates with cardiac contractility and has an impact on cardiac function. These improvements are precarious, however, and are completely lost after 4 mo of detraining, when elderly subjects lose the constraints and the social stimulation of the imposed protocol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of endurance training on the cardiovascular system and water compartments in elderly subjects

Pickering¹,

Fellmann

Morio

et al. 1997

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…These authors found a blunted autonomic control during sympathetic stimulation (tilt test or isometric handgrip test), and explained it by a blunted sympathetic activation [18,37], a reduced vagal withdrawal [3] or alterations in both branches of the autonomic nervous system and baroreflex cardiac modulation [18] during physiological maneuvers. Altered sympathovagal reactivity to exercise has also been associated with ageing [38], obesity [39], and other chronic diseases (such as diabetes) [40]. Therefore, it has been suggested that obesity [41], which is highly prevalent in individuals with intellectual disability, and specifically in trisomy 21, could also explain their chronotropic incompetence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Difference of catecholamine responses to exercise in men with trisomy 21, with or without chronotropic incompetence

Leti

Guinot

Favre-Juvin

et al. 2015

Physiology & Behavior

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“…SkBF responses to thermoregulatory stresses decrease with aging (18,26). Furthermore, baroreflex control of the peripheral circulation in response to changes in arterial and/or central blood volume also decreases with aging (6,7,10,23,28). Because heat stress is associated with an increased incidence of syncope during a BP challenge (e.g., head-up tilt, LBNP) and aging is associated with an increased susceptibility to orthostatic hypotension and heat syncope (5,30,33), a better understanding of how aging affects the baroreflex control of the skin circulation is warranted (1,20).…”

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confidence: 99%

Aging and the skin blood flow response to the unloading of baroreceptors during heat and cold stress

Scremin

Kenney

2004

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Control of skin blood flow (SkBF) is on the efferent arm of both thermoregulatory and nonthermoregulatory reflexes. To what extent aging may affect the SkBF response when these two reflex systems interact is unknown. To determine the response of aged skin to the unloading of baroreceptors in thermoneutral, cold stress, and heat stress conditions, sequential bouts of nonhypotensive lower body negative pressure (LBNP) were applied at -10, -20, and -30 mmHg in 14 young (18-25 yr) and 14 older (63-78 yr) men. SkBF was measured by laser-Doppler velocimetry (averaged over 2 forearm sites), and data are expressed as percentage of maximal cutaneous vascular conductance (%CVC(max)). Total forearm blood flow was measured by venous occlusion plethysmography, and forearm vascular conductance (FVC) was calculated as the ratio of forearm blood flow to mean arterial pressure. In young men, all three intensities of LBNP in thermoneutrality decreased FVC significantly (P < 0.05), but FVC at -10 mmHg did not change in the older men. There were no significant LBNP effects on %CVC(max). Application of LBNP during cold stress did not significantly change %CVC(max) or FVC in either age group. During heat stress, -10 to -30 mmHg of LBNP decreased FVC significantly (P < 0.05) in both age groups, but these decreases were attenuated in the older men (P < 0.05). %CVC(max) decreased at -30 mmHg in the younger men only. These results suggest that older men have an attenuated skin vasoconstrictor response to the unloading of baroreceptors in heat stress conditions. Furthermore, the forearm vasoconstriction elicited by LBNP in older men reflects that of underlying tissue (i.e., muscle) rather than that of skin, whereas -30 mmHg LBNP also decreases SkBF in young hyperthermic men.

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Effects of ageing on the cardiopulmonary receptor reflex in normotensive humans

Cited by 17 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of endurance training on the cardiovascular system and water compartments in elderly subjects

Effects of endurance training on the cardiovascular system and water compartments in elderly subjects

Difference of catecholamine responses to exercise in men with trisomy 21, with or without chronotropic incompetence

Aging and the skin blood flow response to the unloading of baroreceptors during heat and cold stress

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