Effects of age, sex, medication, and environmental conditions on genetic alterations in oral mucosa cells

Abstract

In the present study, we evaluated the effects of biological factors, lifestyle factors, and environmental conditions on the induction of DNA damage in exfoliated cells of the oral mucosa. Age, sex, medication use, and environmental conditions were analyzed in individuals residing in the cities of Caarapó and Itaporã. The individuals were assessed by a questionnaire, and oral mucosa cells were collected and subjected to mutagenicity analysis. We observed no statistical differences in DNA damage related to sex. However, the mutagenic effect was found to be proportional to age, with higher frequencies of DNA damage observed in individuals between the ages of 46 and 65 years. In addition, higher frequencies of DNA damage were found in individuals who continuously used medication and for prolonged periods, and greater DNA damage was observed in individuals who used antihypertensive drugs than those who took antidepressants. In terms of environmental conditions, Caarapó residents had a significantly higher frequency of DNA damage than that of residents from Itaporã. Based on the analysis of land use and occupation, this result can be attributed to the smaller fraction of forest fragments and the higher proportion of buildings in Caarapó than Itaporã. We concluded that age, continued medication use, and environmental conditions can lead to greater DNA damage.

Mutagenic damage among bronchiectasis patients attending in the pulmonology sector of a hospital in southern Brazil

“…The data showed an association between age and frequency of MN among patients diagnosed with bronchiectasis, and this association did not exist between patients without the disease and patients with another chronic respiratory disease. Age has been identified as a factor related to mutagenesis, and even studies with healthy subjects have shown an increase in the frequency of age-related mutagenic damage 24 . In addition, the prognostic data from the NFB itself have highlighted age as an important factor for the increase in the prevalence of this disease, as well as an increase in hospitalization and mortality rates in this population 3 , 25 .…”

Assessment of Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effect of Fissure Sealants in Buccal Epithelial Cells

“…Despite being one of the most important agents for remineralization process, fluoride has potentially genotoxic effect ( 24 , 25 ). In addition, the other variables that potentially affect the occurrence of nuclear abnormalities such as gender, age, X-rays exposures medicines intake, the consumption of meat, sweets, soda drinks and tea were analyzed ( 23 , 26 , 27 ). Previous studies have confirmed that age is a variable that affects the genetic content ( 26 , 28 ).…”

“…In addition, the other variables that potentially affect the occurrence of nuclear abnormalities such as gender, age, X-rays exposures medicines intake, the consumption of meat, sweets, soda drinks and tea were analyzed ( 23 , 26 , 27 ). Previous studies have confirmed that age is a variable that affects the genetic content ( 26 , 28 ). Degenerative changes that occur with ageing are primarily the result of changes at the level of genetic material in the cells.…”

Development and validation of a minimally invasive protocol for assessing oxidative stress markers in exfoliated oral cells

“…11,14,15 So far, only a few protocols have been proposed to assess oxidative stress markers in the oral mucosa. [16][17][18][19][20] Intracellular levels of ROS and GSH, as well as ΔΨm, are significant biomarkers of oxidative stress 7,21,22 that have been effectively employed to measure oxidative stress status in a variety of cells and can be semi-quantitatively measured using fluorescent probes. 8,10,11,16,[23][24][25] The use of exfoliated oral cells to assess oxidative stress biomarkers has several advantages and is a promising approach, as these cells can be easily collected, ensuring patient comfort and facilitating longitudinal studies with minimal discomfort.…”

“…8,10,11,16,[23][24][25] The use of exfoliated oral cells to assess oxidative stress biomarkers has several advantages and is a promising approach, as these cells can be easily collected, ensuring patient comfort and facilitating longitudinal studies with minimal discomfort. [16][17][18][19]21,22,26 Additionally, exfoliated oral cells constitute a dynamic and heterogeneous population that reflects the oral environment, offering a comprehensive understanding of the state of oxidative stress in the oral cavity. 21,22 However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no reports of standardization of protocols that allow the use of fluorescent probes to measure biomarkers of oxidative stress in oral cells.…”