Effects of age and related factors on the pain-aggression reaction.

This experiment investigated the effects of social isolation during development and during adulthood on the topography of the shock-induced aggressive behavior of rats. Rats isolated during development from weaning to adulthood displayed more shock-induced biting than rats housed in groups during that period. Isolation during development did not affect the frequency of the upright boxing behavior, but isolation during adulthood reduced the frequency of the boxing response regardless of rearing conditions during development.167

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The effects of social isolation on two shock-induced aggressive responses in rats

Knutson

Kane

1980

“…The higher rates of fighting among isolates agrees with an earlier report by Creer and Powell (1971). An initial report by Hutchinson, Ulrich, and Azrin (1965) that isolates fight less than socially housed rats (Experiment 2) is not inconsistent with the present study. They gave a single test session to their Ss and, as seen in Fig.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 83%

Visual and social determinants of shock-elicited aggressive responding in rats

Thor¹,

Ghiselli²

1974

Light and dark reared, social and isolate housed, male Long-Evans hooded rats were tested in bright and dim light for aggressive response to footshock. Test lighting and socialization main effects were significant, with greater fighting in dim light than in bright light and greater fighting by isolates than by socially housed animals. Test lighting interacted with prior visual experience and socialization interacted with past and present illumination variables. The results suggest an inhibitory effect of test illumination dependent upon prior social and visual experience.The importance of posture and related threat (Knutson & Hynan, 1972: Reynierse, 1971Vernon, 1969) would appear to implicate visual cues as significant variables in shock-elicited aggression of rats. Flory, Ulrich, and Wolff (1965) investigated the influence of visual impairment by fitting leather hoods over the heads of their Ss. The rats were paired and given shocks over repeated sessions with and without the hoods in place. Hooding decreased fighting by approximately 50%. In a second experiment, a pair of blinded rats fought 27% less than prior to blinding; when also devibrissaed, the same pair fought at lower levels. The decrease in fighting originally noted with the use of hoods was attributed to both visual and tactual sensory restriction. More recently, Bugbee and Eichelman (1972) have compared pre-and postoperative fighting of blinded, devibrissaed , and bulbectomized rats, Contrary to the results of Flory et al (1965), no decrement in fighting was observed after blinding. Bulbectomized rats fought at near preoperative levels, while devibrissaed rats fought significantly less. Olfactory and visual factors were presumed to have a minor, if any, role in conspecific aggression.The present investigation sought to assess the role of past and present illumination on shock-elicited aggression. Visual history was manipulated by housing animals in light or darkness, and immediate visual cues were examined by testing in bright or very dim light. Prior social history (isolate or group housing) and aggressive experience (successive fights) were also examined for interactive effects with illumination variables. METHOD SubjectsSs were 48 male Long-Evans hooded rats. *Supported by NIH Research Grant MH 21577-01. ApparatusThe fighting chamber, a 20 x 20 x 20 em box of wood and Plexiglas, was enclosed within a fan ventilated light-and sound-attenuating chamber having a viewing portal and a 100-W incandescent lamp (mounted in a recessed ceiling fixture) that illuminated the fighting chamber. The grid floor of the fight chamber consisted of Y4-in. brass rods spaced 5{8 in. apart. Constant current shock was delivered from a Lafayette A-615A shock source through a Lafayette 5820 neon grid scrambler. ProcedureAll Ss were reared from birth with their littermates in constant darkness until weaning. At weaning, female pups were culled and the remaining male pups were randomly assigned to group pan cages containing four Ss each. At 45 days of age, half (N = 24) we...

“…It is also likely that certain features of the footshock method, as standardized by Ulrich and his colleagues (Ulrich, 1966;Hutchinson et al, 1965), can be modified to enhance the salience of intraspecific responses. Most of the.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral components of shock-induced aggression in ground squirrels (Citellus tridecemlineatus)

Turner

Boice

Powers

1973

The fighting behavior of paired ground squirrels was observed in a footshock chamber. with shock offset contingent on pair members displaying an unambiguous dominant-subordinate relationship. Status relations stabilized over days, resulting in a decrease in the intensity and duration of encounters and an increase in the frequency of threat displays. Various agonistic components are described and their functions and effects discussed in terms of naturally occurring aggressionin this species.