Effects of age and cochlear damage on the metabolic activity of the avian cochlear nucleus

Smittkamp, Susan E.; Park, Debra L.; Girod, Douglas A.; Durham, Dianne

doi:10.1016/s0378-5955(02)00714-1

Cited by 10 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…As previously described, SEM montages of cochlear sensory epithelia were constructed and used in the examination of cochlear anatomy (Smittkamp et al, 2003).…”

Section: Cochleamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optical density of CO reaction product was measured in NM neurons according to a previously published method (Smittkamp et al, 2003). Briefly, optical density measurements were performed in two rostral sections (centered on the 25th percentile) and in two caudal sections (centered on the 75th percentile) of NM on the left side of the brainstem.…”

Section: Brainstemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, despite this regenerative ability the majority of aging broiler chickens has been shown to undergo progressive cochlear degeneration and concomitant changes in the auditory CNS Smittkamp et al, 2002b;Smittkamp et al, 2003). One method of evaluating CNS changes in response to peripheral manipulation is the assessment of post-synaptic cell metabolism through cytochrome oxidase (CO) histochemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One method of evaluating CNS changes in response to peripheral manipulation is the assessment of post-synaptic cell metabolism through cytochrome oxidase (CO) histochemistry. Previously, a qualitative difference in NM staining was readily apparent through observation of CO-stained tissue from commercially raised birds with varying degrees of cochlear damage (Smittkamp et al, 2003). Statistical analyses revealed an effect of age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using these normal birds we can now independently examine the effect of aging, cochlear damage, and auditory environment on central auditory system metabolism. To accomplish this, we have obtained six new groups of birds with normal cochleae for comparison with data from the Smittkamp et al (2003) study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contributions of age, cochlear integrity, and auditory environment to avian cochlear nucleus metabolism

Smittkamp

Durham

2004

Hearing Research

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“…As previously described, SEM montages of cochlear sensory epithelia were constructed and used in the examination of cochlear anatomy (Smittkamp et al, 2003).…”

Section: Cochleamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Brainstemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contributions of age, cochlear integrity, and auditory environment to avian cochlear nucleus metabolism

Smittkamp

Durham

2004

Hearing Research

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Measures of bulbar and spinal motor function, muscle innervation, and mitochondrial function in ALS rats

Smittkamp

Spalding

Brown

et al. 2010

Behavioural Brain Research

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Symptom onset in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may occur in the muscles of the limbs (spinal onset) or those of the head and neck (bulbar onset). Most preclinical studies have focused on spinal symptoms, despite the prevalence of and increased morbidity and mortality associated with bulbar disease. We measured lick rhythm and tongue force to evaluate bulbar disease in the SOD1-G93A rat model of familial ALS. Body weight and grip strength were measured concomitantly. Testing spanned the early (maturation), middle (pre-symptomatic), and late (symptomatic and end-stage) phases of the disease. We measured a persistent tongue motility deficit that became apparent in the early phase of the disease, providing behavioral evidence of bulbar pathology. At end-stage, however, cytochrome oxidase (CO) activity was normal in the hypoglossal nucleus, and in the tongue, neuromuscular innervation, citrate synthase (CS) protein levels and activity, and uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) protein levels remained unchanged. Interestingly, significant denervation and atrophy were evident in the end-stage sternomastoid muscle, providing peripheral anatomical evidence of bulbar pathology. Changes in body weight and grip strength occurred in the late phase of the disease. Extensive atrophy and denervation were observed in the end-stage gastrocnemius muscle. In contrast to our findings in the tongue, CS protein levels were decreased in the extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus, although CS activity was maintained or increased. UCP3 protein was decreased also in the EDL. These data provide evidence of differential effects in muscles that were more or less affected by disease.

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Predicting severity of cochlear hair cell damage in adult chickens using DPOAE input–output functions

et al. 2005

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Effects of age and cochlear damage on the metabolic activity of the avian cochlear nucleus

Cited by 10 publications

References 52 publications

Contributions of age, cochlear integrity, and auditory environment to avian cochlear nucleus metabolism

Contributions of age, cochlear integrity, and auditory environment to avian cochlear nucleus metabolism

Measures of bulbar and spinal motor function, muscle innervation, and mitochondrial function in ALS rats

Predicting severity of cochlear hair cell damage in adult chickens using DPOAE input–output functions

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