Effects of afforestation and deforestation on boreal soil carbon stocks—Comparison of measured C stocks with Yasso07 model results

Karhu, Kristiina; Wall, Antti; Vanhala, Pekka; Liski, Jari; Esala, Martti; Regina, Kristiina

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.05.008

Cited by 84 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Various studies show that the soil carbon does reduce after forest clearing followed by agriculture, but the magnitude of CO 2 emissions from soils could be overestimated if the change in bulk density of the soil is not considered (Karhu et al, 2011;Murty et al, 2002). Our study also shows a decrease of soil carbon after conversion of land cover from forest to agriculture.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Can bioenergy cropping compensate high carbon emissions from large-scale deforestation of high latitudes?

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Numerous studies have concluded that deforestation of the high latitudes result in a global cooling. This is mainly because of the increased albedo of deforested land which dominates over other biogeophysical and biogeochemical mechanisms in the energy balance. This dominance, however, may be due to an underestimation of the biogeochemical response, as carbon emissions are typically at or below the lower end of estimates. Here, we use the dynamic global vegetation model LPJmL for a better estimate of the carbon cycle under such large-scale deforestation. These studies are purely theoretical in order to understand the role of vegetation in the energy balance and the earth system. They must not be mistaken as possible mitigation options, because of the devastating effects on pristine ecosystems. For realistic assumptions of land suitability, the total emissions computed in this study are higher than that of previous studies assessing the effects of boreal deforestation. The warming due to biogeochemical effects ranges from 0.12 to 0.32 • C, depending on the climate sensitivity. Using LPJmL to assess the mitigation potential of bioenergy plantations in the suitable areas of the deforested region, we find that the global biophysical bioenergy potential is 68.1 ± 5.6 EJ yr −1 of primary energy at the end of the 21st century in the most plausible scenario. The avoided combustion of fossil fuels over the time frame of this experiment would lead to further cooling. However, since the carbon debt caused by the cumulative emissions is not repaid by the end of the 21st century, the global temperatures would increase by 0.04 to 0.11 • C. The carbon dynamics in the high latitudes especially with respect to permafrost dynamics and long-term carbon losses, require additional attention in the role for the Earth's carbon and energy budget.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Can bioenergy cropping compensate high carbon emissions from large-scale deforestation of high latitudes?

et al. 2013

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“…A number of studies have made comparisons on the site scale; simulated soil C stocks were about 20% smaller than measured at two sites in Switzerland (11.2 vs. 13.9 kg·m −2 at one site, 11.1 vs. 14.2 kg·m −2 at another) (Rühr and Eugster 2009). Good agreement between measured and simulated stocks and stock changes associated with afforestation and deforestation were found in Finland (Karhu et al 2011) and the Loess Plateau in China (Lu et al 2013). According to these validity tests, we considered the Yasso07 model and our approach suitable for the present study.…”

Section: Spatial Scale Of Yasso07 Applicationmentioning

confidence: 82%

Underestimation of boreal forest soil carbon stocks related to soil classification and drainage

et al. 2016

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Soil organic carbon (C), accumulated over millennia, comprise more than half of the C stored in boreal and temperate forest landscapes. We used the Norwegian national forest inventory and soil survey network (n = 719, no deep organic soils) to explore the validity of a deterministic model representation of this pool (Yasso07). We statistically compared simulated and measured soil C stocks and related differences (measured -simulated) to site factors (drainage, topography, climate, vegetation, C-to-N ratio, and soil classification). Median C stocks were 5.0 kg C·m −2 (model) and 14.5 kg C·m −2 (measurements). Soil C differences related to site factors (r 2 of 0.16 to 0.37). For Brunisols, Gleysols, and wet Organic soils, differences related primarily to topographic wetness. For Regosols, Podzols, and Dystric Eluviated Brunisols, they related to climate, profile depth, and, in some cases, drainage class and site index. We argue that soil moisture regimes in our study area overrule tree productivity effects in the determination of soil C stocks and present conditions for soil formation that the model cannot (and does not explicitly) account for. These are processes such as humification and podsolization that involve eluviation and illuviation of dissolved organic C (DOC) with sesquioxides to form spodic B horizons and carbon enrichment due to hampered decomposition in frequently anoxic conditions.Key words: drainage, national forest inventory (NFI), SOC simulation, soil classification, soil-forming factors, soil moisture regime, soil survey, podsolization, Yasso07. Résumé :Le carbone (C) organique du sol accumulé au fil des millénaires correspond à plus de la moitié du C stocké dans les paysages forestiers boréaux et tempérés. Nous avons utilisé l'inventaire forestier national norvégien et le réseau d'inventaire des sols (n = 719, aucun sol organique épais) pour étudier la validité d'une représentation de ce réservoir (Yasso07) à l'aide d'un modèle déterministe. Nous avons statistiquement comparé les stocks de C du sol simulés et mesurés, et relié leurs différences (mesurés -simulés) à des caractéristiques de la station (drainage, topographie, climat, végétation, rapport de C à N et classification du sol). Les stocks médians de C atteignaient 5,0 (simulé) et 14,5 (mesuré) kg C·m -2 . Les différences de C du sol étaient reliées aux caractéristiques des stations (r 2 de 0,16 à 0,37). Pour les brunisols, les gleysols et les sols organiques humides, les différences étaient surtout reliées à l'humidité topographique. Pour les régosols, les podzols et les brunisols dystriques éluviés, les différences étaient reliées au climat, à la profondeur du profil et, dans certains cas, à la classe de drainage et à l'indice de qualité de station. Nous avançons que le régime d'humidité du sol de notre aire d'étude est un facteur plus important que les effets de la productivité ligneuse pour déterminer les stocks de C, et qu'il engendre des conditions de formation des sols dont le modèle ne peut tenir compte et ne tient pas ...

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“…The establishment of either grassland or lands with perennial vegetation on degraded cropland has been proposed as an effective method for climate change mitigation since these land use types could increase SOC content and stock Heikkinen et al 2014). In contrast, soil loses its organic carbon into the atmosphere following the cultivation of the land that was previously covered by perennial vegetation (Karhu et al 2011;Ding et al 2013). In our study area, the land use and landscape were dramatically changed after the implementation of the GFG project.…”

Section: Dynamics Of Soc Stockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peng et al 2002;Karhu et al 2011;Palosuo et al 2012). However, there are several kinds of dynamic soil C models available varying in terms of model complexity and requirements of input information (Liski et al 2005;Peltoniemi et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of soil organic carbon stock in a typical catchment of the Loess Plateau: comparison of model simulations with measurements

Akujärvi

Lü

et al. 2014

Landscape Ecol

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Land use changes are known to significantly affect the soil C balance by altering both C inputs and losses. Since the late 1990s, a large area of the Loess Plateau has undergone intensive land use changes during several ecological restoration projects to control soil erosion and combat land degradation, especially in the Grain for Green project. By using remote sensing techniques and the Yasso07 model, we simulated the dynamics of soil organic carbon ( -2 yr -1 , which was comparable to other studies in the Loess Plateau. Forest and grassland showed a more effective accumulation of SOC than the other land use types in our study area. The Yasso07 model performed reasonably well in predicting the overall dynamics of SOC stock for different land use change types at both the site and catchment scales. The assessment of the model performance indicated that the combination of Yasso07 model and remote sensing data could be used for simulating the effect of land use changes on SOC stock at catchment scale in the Loess Plateau.

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Effects of afforestation and deforestation on boreal soil carbon stocks—Comparison of measured C stocks with Yasso07 model results

Cited by 84 publications

References 53 publications

Can bioenergy cropping compensate high carbon emissions from large-scale deforestation of high latitudes?

Can bioenergy cropping compensate high carbon emissions from large-scale deforestation of high latitudes?

Underestimation of boreal forest soil carbon stocks related to soil classification and drainage

Dynamics of soil organic carbon stock in a typical catchment of the Loess Plateau: comparison of model simulations with measurements

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