Effects of adsorbed organic and primary fouling films on bryozoan settlement

Mihm, James W.; Banta, William C.; Loeb, George I.

doi:10.1016/0022-0981(81)90142-8

Cited by 123 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Although several studies reported substratum surface tension as an important factor in substratum colonisation (e.g., Fletcher & Loeb, 1979;Dexter, 1979;Absolom et al, 1983;Eiben, 1976;Hsieh & Timm, 1988;Mihm et a[., 1981;Rittscho[ & Costlow, 1989;Roberts et al, 1991;Lindner, 1992), the present study suggests that surface tension has a very limited impact on the density of fouling organisms under natural conditions. None of the surface tensions tested offered unfavourable conditions for attachment, strong e n o u g h to minimize surface colonisation by high d e t a c h m e n t and low attachment rates of fouling organisms.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

“…Dexter (1979) proposed a thermodynamic model which explains that adhesion in seawater is minimal between 20 and 25 mN m ~. Other studies found that attachment strength and colonisation density decreased with increasing surface tension (Eiben, 1976;Fletcher & Loeb, 1979;Absolom et al, 1983;Mihm et al, 1981;van Pelt et al, 1985;Rittschof & Costlow, 1989;Burchard et al, 1990;Roberts et al, 1991) or increased with surface tension (Absolom et al, 1983;Becka & Loeb, 1984;Fletcher & Baler, 1984;Crisp et al, 1985;Udhayakumar & Karande, 1986;Rittschof & Costlow, 1989;Roberts et al, 1991;Becker, 1993). Some studies indicate that surface tension responses differ from species to species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of initial substratum surface tension on marine micro- and macro-fouling in the Gulf of Thailand

Becker

Siriratanachai

Hormchong

1998

Helgoländer Meeresunters.

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The density of five major groups at fouling organisms Ibacteria, diatoms, choanotlagellates, ciliates, macroorganisms) on seven artilicial substrata with surface tensions between 19.0 and 64.5 mN m ' was studied in the Gulf at Thailand. Two series of test panels r the different substrata were immersed into the sea between 3 hours and 64 days (macrotauna 128 days). The results show that surface tension has ,t limited impact on the density of the organisms. Only bacteria settled conlinuously in signilicantly lower numbers on materials within the minimum bioadheslw2 range (20-25 mN m ') than on other substrata. Signifi(:dn[ differences between the substrata may disappear after long exposure, as in series 2 after 16days For diatoms and protozoa, a colonisation pattern similar to thdt of bacteria with a minimum ol 20-25 mN m : was detected alter severdl exposure intervals, l.lowever, it was never recor(ted m more than 3 exl)osure intervals in a row. The colonisation pattern of macroorganisms could not be attributed Io substratum surface tension. An index, called "colonisation degree" is introduced to give a gene.~ral impression at the density of organisms on the materials tested. The colonisation degree did not show any signilicant difference at any exposure interval. The present results clearly suggest that substratum surface tension is easily overshadowed by other factors in colonisation processes under natural conditions.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of initial substratum surface tension on marine micro- and macro-fouling in the Gulf of Thailand

Becker

Siriratanachai

Hormchong

1998

Helgoländer Meeresunters.

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“…Although bryozoan larvae do respond to settlement cues from biofilms, they are considered to be relatively indiscriminate settlers compared to other invertebrates, attributed to their short planktonic phase (Dahms et al 2004, Dobretsov & Qian 2006. Unwettable surfaces such as polystyrene dishes are known to stimulate settlement of B. neritina larvae (Mihm et al 1981), which could limit the potential to detect stimulatory cues from ciliates if they exist. However, the significant reduction in settlement caused by the presence of a bacterial biofilm in our experiments would have at least partially removed such a masking effect, and the addition of ciliates to the bacterial biofilm showed no further stimulation of settlement.…”

Section: Effects Of Ciliates On Larval Settlementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of biofilm-associated ciliates on the settlement of marine invertebrate larvae

Shimeta¹,

Cutajar²,

Watson³

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Settlement of benthic marine invertebrate larvae often limits recruitment, influencing the structure and dynamics of natural populations as well as biofouling of marine infrastructure, ship hulls, and aquaculture operations. Certain microbial components of substratum biofilms influence settlement (e.g. bacteria, diatoms), but the importance of biofilm protozoa has been unknown. We tested for effects of ciliates by comparing settlement and survival of common fouling invertebrates among 3 biofilm conditions: no biofilm, a purely bac terial biofilm, and a biofilm of bacteria and ciliates. With an assemblage of 7 ciliates (from Hypotrichia, Haptoria, and Scuticociliatia), the serpulid polychaete Galeolaria caespitosa showed a 44 to 49% average reduction in settlement rate compared to the purely bacterial biofilm, and post-settlement mortality increased 7-fold to 34%. In contrast, settlement and survival of the bryozoan Bugula neritina were unaffected. With a partially different assemblage of 11 ciliates (from Hypotrichia, Sticho trichia, Haptoria, Colpodida, and Scuticociliatia), settle ment of the serpulid Pomatoceros taeniata more than doubled, whereas that of the blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis was reduced by 54% compared to the purely bacterial biofilm. The results could not be explained by ciliates changing the total abundance of biofilm bacteria. We hypothesize that mechanisms could include direct interactions between larvae and ciliates (physical interactions, interference from ciliates' feeding currents, or responses to chemicals from ciliates), or indirect effects from ciliates altering the bacterial assemblage or its settlement cues. Such large and species-specific effects of ciliates on larval settlement and postsettlement mortality might impact invertebrate recruitment rates and species assemblages, especially because biofilm ciliates are highly variable over time and space.Aggregation of the tubeworm Galeolaria caespitosa. Larval settlement of these and other invertebrates is influenced by ciliates on the substratum.

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“…attachment and metamorphosis) in many marine invertebrates (Pearce & Scheibling 1991, Slattery 1992, Tamburri et al 1992, Keough & Raimondi 1996, Chan & Walker 1998. MBF mainly consist of attached bacteria, benthic diatoms, fungi and protozoa, all of which are enmeshed in a matrix of extracellular polymers (EPS) (Mihm et al 1981, Wahl 1989, Holmström & Kjelleberg 1994.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of larval settlement in the polychaete Hydroides elegans by extracellular polymers of benthic diatoms

Lam¹,

Harder²,

Qian³

2005

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Larval settlement of the polychaete Hydroides elegans Haswell, 1883 is mediated by marine biofilms; complex agglomerates of bacteria, diatoms, fungi and protozoa enmeshed in a matrix of extracellular polymers (EPS). In our previous investigations, benthic diatoms were demonstrated to be potent mediators of larval settlement in H. elegans. The putative diatom-derived settlement cues were heat-stable components in close association with the diatom surface. For an in-depth investigation of the chemical nature of diatom-derived larval settlement cues, the EPS of the inductive (Achnanthes sp., Nitzschia constricta) and non-inductive (Amphora tenerrima, Nitzschia frustulum) diatoms were bioassayed for their effect on larval settlement. When EPS fractions larger than 100 kDa were immobilized in stable hydrogels to mimic their association to a solid substratum, they evoked an effect on larval settlement similar to that of the respective monospecies diatom films. The crude exopolymer samples mainly consisted of polysaccharides with a small proportion of proteinaceous sample components. After enzymatic removal of proteinaceous EPS components, the samples evoked an effect on larval settlement similar to that of the crude EPS samples, indicating the negligible role of large proteins or glycoproteins as settlement cues. KEY WORDS: Diatoms · Larvae · Settlement · Biofilm · Exopolymers · Hydroides elegansResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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Effects of adsorbed organic and primary fouling films on bryozoan settlement

Cited by 123 publications

References 9 publications

Influence of initial substratum surface tension on marine micro- and macro-fouling in the Gulf of Thailand

Influence of initial substratum surface tension on marine micro- and macro-fouling in the Gulf of Thailand

Influences of biofilm-associated ciliates on the settlement of marine invertebrate larvae

Induction of larval settlement in the polychaete Hydroides elegans by extracellular polymers of benthic diatoms

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