Effects of Adolescent Sport Practice on Health Outcomes of Adult Amateur Endurance Cyclists: Adulthood Is Not Too Late to Start

Abstract

Training, performance, and health outcomes did not differ between adult amateur endurance cyclists who practiced sports during adolescence and those who did not, but their health outcomes were significantly improved compared with inactive individuals, except for depression.

Exercise Addiction and Its Relationship with Health Outcomes in Indoor Cycling Practitioners in Fitness Centers

“…This cross-sectional study was part of a research project focused on exploring health and its determinants among amateur endurance outdoor cyclists, indoor cycling practitioners, and controls [8][9][10] through a web-based experiment on a freely available webpage. This study included respondents who were 18-65 years old and who engaged in a minimum of 2 h/week and 6 continuous months of indoor cycling practice in fitness centers (indoor cycling practitioners) or who were classified as having low levels of physical activity according to the Spanish short-form version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire [11] (controls).…”

Adherence to Mediterranean diet in athletes: a narrative review

“…The athletes' AMD pattern was higher than controls or the general population in all the studies [25,27,28,[32][33][34][38][39][40] which included a similar comparison. These studies used different tools to assess the MD adherence (MAI, KIDMED, MDS, MEDAS, PREDIMED).…”

“…After the removal of duplicates and the screening process, 61 full text articles were assessed for eligibility. At the end of the selection, 16 studies were included in the analysis [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Figure 1 shows the phases of the selection procedure.…”

“…All the studies were performed in Mediterranean countries, mainly in Spain (n = 13). Fifteen studies were cross-sectional; five specifically involved cyclists [28,[32][33][34]39]. Three studies [25,32,36] involved only females, while one study involved only males [29], two studies [28,39] did not specify sex proportion.…”

“…Of the 10 studies that included both males and females, only 7 analyzed the gender differences in AMD [19,20,25,29,[31][32][33]. Three found a significantly higher score in women (2 using the MEDAS and 1 the MDAS), [19,31,33], and one study found greater adherence in males (using MDS), [25]. The other studies did not show significant differences in AMD between the two genders, [20,29,32].…”