Effects of adding calcium to lithium on the discharge and hydrogen evolution of lithium anodes

Zhang, Ziyan; Chen, Kanghua; Ni, Erfu

doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2009.08.013

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This research is also consistent with previous research, Ref. [27], in which addition of 0.300 wt% Ca have a proportional effect on both Li−corrosion and H 2 evolution, leaving the efficiency largely static.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of magnesium on the electrochemical behavior of lithium anode in LiOH aqueous solution used for lithium–water battery

Zhang

Chen

2010

Electrochimica Acta

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a b s t r a c tThe effect of adding magnesium to lithium on lithium electrochemical behavior in 4 mol L −1 LiOH is studied using electrochemical techniques. The results show that the hydrogen evolution rate is decreased with increasing Mg content. Through theoretical analysis and X-ray (XRD) investigation, MgH 2 and Mg(OH) 2 are created on the surface film of lithium-magnesium alloys after discharge. The porosity of the lithium surface film is decreased by MgH 2 , Mg(OH) 2 combined with LiOH and LiOH·H 2 O and the hydrogen evolution rate is decreased effectively. Magnesium addition to lithium reduces the extent of hydrogen evolution by alteration of the hydride-hydroxide layer also reduces the extent of anodic dissolution without a significant change in the system efficiency.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of magnesium on the electrochemical behavior of lithium anode in LiOH aqueous solution used for lithium–water battery

Zhang

Chen

2010

Electrochimica Acta

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“…13. In this figure the X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the lithium surface film was obtained under the same conditions cited in literature [13]. As can be seen from Fig.…”

Section: Lithium-cerium/alkaline Electrolyte Interfacementioning

confidence: 83%

“…The oxide layer is prone to alteration when removed from the solution. The preparation process of the anode surface film was the same as that stated in literature [13]. The anode surface was analyzed via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) after discharge in alkaline electrolyte.…”

Section: Lithium-cerium/alkaline Electrolyte Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is noted from the SEM image that the surface film is porous. The lithium-cerium alloy surface film is compact and smooth in comparison with the lithium surface film [13][14][15] (Fig. 12b).…”

Section: Lithium-cerium/alkaline Electrolyte Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, the literature on alloying lithium with other metal elements is limited. During previous research, this group found that minor addition of magnesium or calcium to lithium altered the lithium surface film by forming alkaline earth metal hydride or hydroxide [13][14][15]. Cerium is a rare earth metal with a comparatively negative standard electrochemical potential [À2.480 V vs. standard hydrogen electrode (SHE)].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of adding cerium to lithium on the performance of discharge and hydrogen evolution of the lithium anode

Zhang

Chen

2010

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

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a b s t r a c tThe effect of cerium as an inhibitor on the discharge and hydrogen evolution at a lithium anode in alkaline electrolyte with additives was evaluated. The electrochemical behaviors of lithium and lithium-cerium alloy are assessed by hydrogen evolution collection, discharge current density, anodic potential, XRD (X-ray diffraction) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). For these conditions, the results show that minor addition of cerium to lithium decreased the hydrogen evolution on the surface of lithium-cerium alloy in an alkaline electrolyte containing corrosion inhibitors. SEM and XRD observation showed that the slow dissolution of lithium-cerium alloy generates the formation of LiOH, LiOHÁH 2 O and Ce(OH) 3 . The lithium-cerium surface is less porous than the lithium surface. Hydrogen evolution decrease, prompted by adding cerium to lithium, which is related to reduced porosity of the film enhanced by Ce(OH) 3 .

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Corrosion resistance of extruded Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy manufactured by adding CaO for the replacement of the protective gases

Nam

Kim

et al. 2012

Materials and Corrosion

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The corrosion properties were investigated for extruded Mg–3Al–1Zn (AZ31) alloy in alkaline NaCl solution which was manufactured by adding 0.5 wt% CaO without SF6 protective gas. The results of electrochemical tests showed that the addition of 0.5 wt% CaO drastically increased the pitting potential and charge transfer resistance of the specimen, indicating that CaO addition enhances the film stability of AZ31 alloy. As results of electron probe X‐ray microanalysis (EPMA), Al2Ca phase and CaO was observed on the CaO‐added specimen. The Al2Ca phase was precipitated by the reduction of CaO, and was known as an effective corrosion barrier and hinders the corrosion propagation. Also, the CaO raw particle was observed, and could be remained after reduction as Al2Ca phase. Meanwhile, the Mg17Al12 phase was not recognized due to the low content of Al in the AZ31 Mg alloy. The results of X‐ray diffraction (XRD) showed that Ca(OH)2 and Al2Ca phase was observed on the CaO‐added AZ31 Mg alloy after immersion for 5 days, which increased the protectiveness of Mg(OH)2 film of the CaO‐added specimen.

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Effects of adding calcium to lithium on the discharge and hydrogen evolution of lithium anodes

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of magnesium on the electrochemical behavior of lithium anode in LiOH aqueous solution used for lithium–water battery

Effect of magnesium on the electrochemical behavior of lithium anode in LiOH aqueous solution used for lithium–water battery

Effect of adding cerium to lithium on the performance of discharge and hydrogen evolution of the lithium anode

Corrosion resistance of extruded Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy manufactured by adding CaO for the replacement of the protective gases

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