Effects of Added Metallic Elements in Ag-Alloys on Properties of Indium–Tin-Oxide/Ag-Alloy/Indium–Tin-Oxide Transparent Conductive Multilayer System

Abstract

Results on the optical characterisation of copper deep acceptors throughout the alloy composition range (0 < x < 1) of GaAs, -,P, are reported. A comparison of the hole photoionisation spectra for different compositions, measured by the transient photocapacitance technique. reveals a broadening effect near the threshold which is interpreted in terms of random alloy effects on the deep level. An approximately linear variation of the hole photoionisation threshold with composition is found.t O n sabbatical leave from and permanent address:

Embedded Oxidized Ag–Pd–Cu Ultrathin Metal Alloy Film Prepared at Low Temperature with Excellent Electronic, Optical, and Mechanical Properties

“…Thus, Ag−Pd−Cu (APC) alloy films has gained interest as an attractive alternative to pure Ag coatings due to their high electrical stability and resilience toward agglomeration, even when subjected to high relative humidity environments. 4,26 Jeong et al 27 demonstrated that an APC alloy (Pd and Cu content of 0.9 and Cu 1.7 at. %, respectively) exhibited superior resistance to agglomeration and excellent adhesion to the substrate.…”

“…In addition, Kim et al 28 showed how an APC layer placed between bottom and top oxide layers can efficiently reduce diffusion of Ag atoms. Even tough APC in OMO structure has been studied in the past, 4,23,28,29 there are only few studies focusing on the threshold thickness, i.e., the thickness limit below the percolation threshold or, in other words, the lower limit at which metal islands rather than a continuous metallic film is achieved. 22 In this work, we show that controlled addition of oxygen, in a reactive magnetron process, enables the fabrication of smooth, ultrathin 5 nm thick continuous APC:O films.…”

“…Transparent conducting materials (TCM), which as their name implies exhibit high transparency in the visible region and high electrical conductivity, present a multitude of technological applications, most notably in the fields of optoelectronics (displays and touch screen technology) − and energy-efficient fenestration . Most commonly TCMs are based on tin-doped indium oxide In 2 O 3 :Sn (ITO) thin films.…”

“…Consequently, ITO has been the subject of intensive research during the past decades. − However, ITO-based TCMs present some disadvantages, especially when it comes to their implementation in flexible devices. − A single ITO thin film suffers from mechanical brittleness and poor electrical stability when deposited onto flexible substrates. Alternatives to ITO for flexible TCMs include metal nanowires, , carbon nanotubes, − metal meshes, , conductive polymers and, notably, oxide–metal–oxide (OMO) multilayered electrodes, ,− where the latter are considered state-of-the-art in the field. The ductility of the metal layer provides mechanical stability to the OMO structure, especially when compared to an equivalent single oxide layer, such as ITO.…”

Study on the durability against heat in ITO/Ag‐alloy/ITO transparent conductive multilayer system

“…Usually, Ag was used as the metal layer because of its high conductivity and low‐extinction coefficient in the visible range. From these approaches, the low‐sheet resistance and high transmittance of such a multilayer system have been reported as satisfactory 7–9. However, it is reported that the electrical resistivity increased and the transmittance decreased as the temperature increased due to the agglomeration of the Ag film 8–11.…”