Effects of acute acid loading on parathyroid hormone secretion and on urinary calcium and cAMP excretion in the growing lamb

Scott, D.; Loveridge, N.; Damir, H. Abu; Buchan, William; Milne, J

doi:10.1113/expphysiol.1993.sp003676

“…Metabolic acidosis first stimulates the physicochemical mineral dissolution then cell mediated bone resorption by increasing the activity of osteoclasts and osteoblasts (Bushinsky et al 1999;Bushinsky and Frick 2000). Ca reabsorption in renal tubules is directly inhibited in metabolic acidosis and leads to increased urinary Ca excretion (Beck and Webster 1976;Scott et al 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of feeding the probiotic Pioneer PDFM® to growing lambs on performances and blood composition

Antunović¹,

Šperanda²,

Liker³

et al. 2005

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The research has been conducted on 48 weaned lambs divided into two groups (C-control and E-experimental) and lasted for 35 days. To lambs in group E the probiotic PIONEER PDFM® was added to the fodder. Lambs in group E had larger average body weights, greater daily weight gain, increased average daily intake and a better feed efficiency, compared to group C.However, differences between groups have not been statistically significant. The concentration of calcium in the blood serum of group E (2.16 mmol/l) on the 35 th day has been statistically lower (P<0.01) compared to group C (2.38 mmol/l). The concentration of chloride was statistically higher in group E (P<0.05) on the 19 th day (104.75:103.38 nmol/L) and statistically lower (P<0.05) on the 35 th day (106.00: 107.33 mmol/L). The concentration of iron in the blood serum was statistically higher (P<0.05) on the 19 th and the 35 th day in group E (26.29 and 33.00 mmol/l) than in group C (21.97 and 29.15 mmol/l); concentrations of phosphorus and potassium in the blood serum were statistically higher on the 35 th day in group E (2.74 and 4.95 mmol/l) than in group C (2.41 and 4.65 mmol/l). Lambs in group E had in the blood sera statistically lower (P<0.01) concentrations of glucose and urea. The activities of the enzymes ALT, AST and CK measured on the 35 th day of fattening were lower (P<0.01) compared to group C. The concentrations of total bilirubin and triglycerides were statistically higher in group E than in group C.

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Parathyroid Hormone and Polyhormones: Production and Export

Díaz

¹

,

Fuleihan

²

,

Brown

³

2000

Comprehensive Physiology

3

0

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The sections in this article are: Role of Extracellular Calcium–Sensing and Extracellular Calcium–Regulated Parathyroid Hormone Secretion in Mineral ion Homeostasis The G Protein–Coupled, Extracellular Calcium–Sensing Receptor Structure and Function Inherited Diseases Resulting from Receptor Mutations Mice with Targeted Disruption of the Receptor Are There Additional Receptors or Other Ion‐Sensing Receptors? Anatomy and Physiology of the Parathyroid Cell Morphology Secretory Pathway Physiological Control of Parathyroid Hormone Secretion by Extracellular Calcium and Other Factors Acute Regulation Additional Ionic Agonists Regulating Parathyroid Hormone Secretion via the Extracellular Calcium‐Sensing Receptor Other Ions Modulating Parathyroid Hormone secretion Rapid Actions of Vitamin D on Parathyroid Cells Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone Secretion by Catecholamines and Other Biogenic Amines Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone Secretion by Lipid Metabolites Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone Secretion by Peptides and Peptide Hormones Miscellaneous Factors Regulating Parathyroid Hormone Secretion Mechanisms Underlying the Acute Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone Secretion by Extracellular Calcium Regulation of Intracellular Degradation of Parathyroid Hormone Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone Gene Expression Chromosomal Localization and Organization of the Parathyroid Hormone Gene Effects of Extracellular Calcium Effects of Extracellular Phosphate Effects of Vitamin D Metabolites Parathyroid Hormone Regulation of Gene Expression by Steroids and Other Hormones Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone Gene Expression by Agents that Increase Intracellular Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Regulation of Overall Biosynthetic Activity of the Parathyroid Cell Regulation of Parathyroid Cellular Proliferation Effects of Extracellular Calcium Effects of Vitamin D Metabolites Effect of Extracellular Phosphate Effect of Growth Factors Circadian and Pulsatile Control of Parathyroid Hormone Secretion Circadian Variation Pulsatility Alterations in Circadian Rhythm and Pulsatility in Patients with Abnormal Parathyroid Function Secretion of Factors Other Than Parathyroid Hormone: Possible Autocrine/ Paracrine Regulation of Parathyroid Hormone Secretion Evidence for Autocrine Control of Parathyroid Function Secretion of Parathyroid Hormone–Related Protein Secretion of Chromogranin A‐Derived Peptides Secretion of Other Peptides Secretion of Prostaglandins

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Early Acceleration Phase and Late Stationary Phase of Remodeling Imbalance in Long Bones of Male Rats Exposed to Long-Standing Acidemia: A 10-Month Longitudinal Study Using Bone Histomorphometry

Assapun

¹

,

Charoenphandhu

²

,

Krishnamra

³

2009

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Chronic metabolic acidosis (CMA) is known to have a detrimental effect on bone metabolism as a result of accelerated bone resorption and impaired bone formation. Typically, a number of compensatory adaptations must have occurred which may help palliate negative calcium balance and acidemia, e.g., increased intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption. The final outcome with respect to bone remodeling after exposure to CMA for several months was, therefore, elusive. Herein, we investigated bone changes in male rats fed 1.5% NH(4)Cl in drinking water for up to 10 months to induce CMA with plasma pH of 7.2-7.3. Significant decreases in bone mineral density and content were detected by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry after 6 months of CMA, whereas histomorphometric analysis revealed a significant decrease in bone volume already at week 2 after CMA induction. Exposure to CMA longer than 2 weeks also decreased trabecular number, trabecular thickness, osteoblast surface, mineral apposition rate, and bone formation rate, while increasing trabecular separation, osteoclast surface, and eroded surface. Bone resorption was rapid during weeks 2-16 (acceleration phase) and thereafter persisted at a slower rate (stationary phase) until week 40. Furthermore, CMA markedly reduced the total calcium content in bone and enhanced urinary calcium excretion as measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. It could be concluded that, after exposure to a long-standing acidemia, the enhanced bone resorption and suppressed bone formation led to osteopenia throughout the 10-month period, with accelerated bone loss seen only during the first 6 months. Thereafter, the compensatory adaptations appeared to help stabilize bone mass at a subnormal level.

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Effects of acute acid loading on parathyroid hormone secretion and on urinary calcium and cAMP excretion in the growing lamb

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of feeding the probiotic Pioneer PDFM® to growing lambs on performances and blood composition

Influence of feeding the probiotic Pioneer PDFM® to growing lambs on performances and blood composition

Parathyroid Hormone and Polyhormones: Production and Export

Early Acceleration Phase and Late Stationary Phase of Remodeling Imbalance in Long Bones of Male Rats Exposed to Long-Standing Acidemia: A 10-Month Longitudinal Study Using Bone Histomorphometry

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