Effects of acidification on 0<sup>+</sup>juvenile fish diversity and abundance in River Kyrönjoki, Finland

Hudd, Richard; Kålax, Pia

doi:10.1080/11250009809386871

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Weppling 1993, Edén et al 1999) which has resulted in deterioration of the aquatic life in general and many serious sudden fish kills (Vuori 1995, Kjellman and Hudd 1996, Hudd and Kålax 1998. The overall reason for the poor water quality is extensive land-use activities on overburden (soils) capable of producing and ultimately releasing extreme acidity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH of streams in western Finland - a perspective from the Middle Ages into the mid 21st century

Åström¹,

Sundström²,

Holmberg³

2008

AFSci

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In the central parts of western Finland, many streams are severely acidified as a result of land-use activities on overburden (soils) capable of producing and ultimately releasing extreme acidity. Consequently, the extent of the acidification problem is likely to have varied over time in response to the type and extent of contemporary land use. In this study, we have combined historical information on land use and knowledge on hydrogeochemical processes in order to assess the pH declines that are likely to have occurred in streams in this area since the Middle Ages. The results show that among several potentially acidifying activities, reclamation of mires for farmland (19th and 20th centuries) and subsurface drainage of acid sulphate soils (post-war times) are the major causes of the pH decline. Recent methods developed to combat the acidification and possible future changes in pH are discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

pH of streams in western Finland - a perspective from the Middle Ages into the mid 21st century

Åström¹,

Sundström²,

Holmberg³

2008

AFSci

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“…A decrease of the soil-pH below 4 generates acidification of the soil and mobilization of several metals, and ultimately leaching of acidity and metals from the soil through subsurface drainpipes and ditches (Åström and Björklund, 1997;Österholm and Åström, 2002;Roos and Åström, 2006). Therefore, the occurrence of AS soils can lead to the deterioration of stream waters, which may cause severe ecological damages (e.g., fish kills (Hudd, 2000;Urho, 2002)), as well as problems in agriculture and its productivity (Palko, 1994) or in infrastructures with damages related to the poor stability of sulfidic sediments and corrosion of concrete and steel constructions as a consequence of the increased acidity. Due to these environmental hazards and geotechnical challenges, AS soils are considered one of the most damaging soils (Michael, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving prediction accuracy for acid sulfate soil mapping by means of variable selection

Estévez

Mattbäck

Boman

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Acid sulfate soils can cause environmental damage and geotechnical problems when drained or exposed to oxidizing conditions. This makes them one of the most harmful soils found in nature. In order to reduce possible damage derived from this type of soil, it is fundamental to create occurrence maps showing their localization. Nowadays, occurrence maps can be created using machine learning techniques. The accuracy of these maps depends on two factors: the dataset and the machine learning method. Previously, different machine learning methods were evaluated for acid sulfate soil mapping. To improve the precision of the acid sulfate soil probability maps, in this qualitative modeling study we have added more environmental covariates (17 in total). Since a greater number of covariates does not necessarily imply an improvement in the prediction, we have selected the most relevant environmental covariates for the classification and prediction of acid sulfate soils. For this, we have applied eleven different variable selection methods. The predictive abilities of each group of selected variables have been analyzed using Random Forest and Gradient Boosting. We show that the selection of each environmental covariate as well as the relationship between them are extremely important for an accurate prediction of acid sulfate soils. Among the variable selection methods analyzed, Random Forest stands out, as it is the one that has best selected the relevant covariates for the classification of these soils. Furthermore, the combination of two variable selection methods can improve the prediction of the model. Contrary to the general belief, a low correlation between the covariates does not guarantee a good performance of the model. In general, Random Forest has given better results in the prediction than Gradient Boosting. From the best results obtained, an acid sulfate soils occurrence map has been created. Compared with previous studies in the same area, variable selection has improved the accuracy by 15%–17% for the models based on Random Forest. The present study confirms the importance of variable selection for the prediction of acid sulfate soils.

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Bad matching between hatching and acidification: a pitfall for the burbot, Lota lota, off the river Kyrönjoki, Baltic Sea

Hudd¹,

Kjellman

2002

Fisheries Research

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Effects of acidification on 0⁺juvenile fish diversity and abundance in River Kyrönjoki, Finland

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

pH of streams in western Finland - a perspective from the Middle Ages into the mid 21st century

pH of streams in western Finland - a perspective from the Middle Ages into the mid 21st century

Improving prediction accuracy for acid sulfate soil mapping by means of variable selection

Bad matching between hatching and acidification: a pitfall for the burbot, Lota lota, off the river Kyrönjoki, Baltic Sea

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Effects of acidification on 0+juvenile fish diversity and abundance in River Kyrönjoki, Finland

Cited by 3 publications

References 7 publications

pH of streams in western Finland - a perspective from the Middle Ages into the mid 21st century

pH of streams in western Finland - a perspective from the Middle Ages into the mid 21st century

Improving prediction accuracy for acid sulfate soil mapping by means of variable selection

Bad matching between hatching and acidification: a pitfall for the burbot, Lota lota, off the river Kyrönjoki, Baltic Sea

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Effects of acidification on 0⁺juvenile fish diversity and abundance in River Kyrönjoki, Finland