Effects of acepromazine on renal function in anesthetized dogs

Abstract

Measurements of renal function and blood flow in dogs during anesthesia with thiopentone and isoflurane did not differ significantly between treatments, which suggested that acepromazine protects renal function despite inducing reduction in blood pressure, compared with effects of administration of saline.

A comparison of acepromazine-buprenorphine and medetomidine-buprenorphine for preanesthetic medication of dogs

“…In the present study, mean and diastolic blood pressures were significantly lower in dogs given acepromazine than in dogs given medetomidine. 24 Acepromazine acts peripherally as an antagonist of α 1 -adrenergic receptors, causing vasodilation, which may promote hypotension. In a previous study 16 comparing various doses of medetomidine in dogs (0.4, 4, and 40 µg/kg [0.2, 1.8, and 18.2 µg/lb), significant differences in mean blood pressure were identified at most times, with the highest dose resulting in higher blood pressures.…”

Effects of some anesthetic agents on skin microcirculation evaluated by laser Doppler perfusion imaging in mice

“…Dexmedetomidine is a selective α 2 -adrenoceptor agonist that shows a dose-dependent, preferential affinity for α 2 A and α 2 B receptors [21], evoking a biphasic blood pressure response: a short hypertensive phase mediated by the α 2 B receptors, followed by hypotension mediated by the α 2 A receptors [32,33]. The peripheral hemodynamic effects of phenothiazines and of α 2 -agonists thus differ: while acepromazine causes significant hypotension in isoflurane-anesthetized animals [34], dexmedetomidine [35,36] increases peripheral vascular tone, counteracting the isoflurane-induced vasodilation and reduction in arterial blood pressure [22]. LDPI permits a noninvasive, real-time measurement of microvascular blood flow using two-dimensional color-coded images of skin perfusion.…”

Effect of Nephrotomy on Renal Function and Morphology in Normal Cats

“…[90][91][92] Some drug combinations commonly used in veterinary medicine have been shown to increase GFR, thought to be due to constriction of efferent arterioles resulting in increased glomerular hydrostatic pressure. 92 In cases of systemic hypotension resulting from sedative administration, GFR is usually sustained at normal levels by maintenance of renal blood flow.…”

“…92 In cases of systemic hypotension resulting from sedative administration, GFR is usually sustained at normal levels by maintenance of renal blood flow. 90,91 Animals studied by Gahring et al 13 were anesthetized with thiamylal sodium and maintained with methoxyflurane and oxygen. Methoxyflurane has cardio-depressant effects and has been associated with acute renal failure in people, though direct effects on feline and canine renal function are uncommon.…”