Effects of a β-adrenoceptor agonist on growth performance, nitrogen balance, body composition and retention of nitrogen, fat and energy of finishing pigs during restricted and ad libitum feeding

Bracher-Jakob, A.; Stoll, Peter; Blum, J.W.

doi:10.1016/0301-6226(90)90019-3

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…During prolonged application Ro 16-8714 reduced fat content, slightly enhanced nitrogen (N) retention and had anti-diabetogenic activity in rats (Meier, Alig, Buergi-Saville and Mueller, 1984). Furthermore, Ro 16-8714 enhanced the efficiency of N utilization in a dose-dependent manner under restricted and ad libitum feeding conditions in finishing pigs (Bracher-Jakob, Stoll and Blum, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…As obtain data on blood losses to estimate blood determined in previous studies (Brachervolume. A blood sample of 0-5 1 was frozen Jakob et al, 1990), bristles and claws of 60until chemically analysed. The snout was tied kg and 100-kg pigs weighed 148 g and 226 g to prevent aspiration of scalding water.…”

Section: Experimental Design and Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In finishing pigs receiving Ro 16-8714 the protein content of the diet could have theoretically been decreased from 140 to 113 g/kg (i.e. by 1/5) without reducing growth performance (Bracher-Jakob et al, 1990). Based on that premise, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of Ro 16-8714 on performance, body composition and nutrient retention in pigs given low or adequate amounts of protein.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a β-andrenergic agonist on growth performance, body composition and nutrient retention in finishing pigs fed normal or low amounts of protein

Bracher-Jakob

Blum

1990

Anim. Sci.

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In earlier studies with pigs the P-adrenergic agonist Ro 16·8714 ((3-AG) enhanced the efficiency of nitrogen (N) retention. Therefore effects of Ro 16·8714 were studied on growth rate, body composition, N, fat and energy retention in pigs fed isoenergetically, but given different amounts of protein (112 or 138 g/kg diet) without (groups LP and NP) or with 60 mg Ro 16·8714 per kg diet (groups LPP and NPP) from 60 to 100 kg live weight. Weight gain (898, 927, 855 and 810 g/day in NP, NPp, LP and LPp) decreased, whereas food: gain ratio (2·94, 2·82, 3·04 and 3·24 kg/kg in NP, NPP, LP and LPP) was increased by low protein intake (P < 0·05) and both weight gain and food conversion were modified by the interaction (P × P) of protein intake and Ro 16·8714 (P < 0·05). Killing-out proportion (820, 830, 830 and 830 g/kg in groups NP, NPp, LP and LPP) was modified by protein intake and Ro 16·8714 (P < 0·05). Carcass growth rate (760, 814, 748 and 723 g/day in NP, NPP, LP and LPP) was modified by protein intake and by P × p (P < 0·05), while non-carcass growth rate (90, 77, 76 and 56 g/day in NP, NPP, LP and LPP) was changed by protein intake and by Ro 16·8714 (P < 0·05). Compared with NP, weights of kidneys (−0·025 kg), small intestine (−0·26 kg) and large intestine (−0·17 kg) were decreased by low protein feeding, and weights of heart, spleen and stomach decreased in response to Ro 16·8714 (-002, -0·02 and -0·06 kg; P < 0·05) while both low protein intake and Ro 16·8714 reduced liver weight (−0·12 and −0·23 kg, respectively; P < 0·05) and blood volume obtained at slaughter (-0·12 and -0·23 kg; P < 0·05). Carcass N (1813, 1970, 1786 and 1825 g in NP NPp, LP and LPP) increased in response to Ro 16-8714, but was reduced by low protein intake (P < 0·05), while noncarcass N (330, 309, 312 and 285 g in NP, NPp, LP and LPP) was decreased by both low protein intake and Ro 16-8714 (P < 0·01). Carcass and non-carcass fat (22·1, 19·9, 23·4 and 23·0 kg, respectively 1·51, 1·41, 1·59 and 1·68 kg in NP, NPp, LP and LPP) increased with low protein feeding (P < 0·05), but were not significantly influenced by Ro 16·8714. The efficiency of N retention (295, 363, 321 and 327 g/kg N retained: N intake in NP, NPp, LP and LPP) was enhanced by Ro 16·8714 (P > 0·05) whereas the efficiency of energy retention was not influenced by Ro 16·8714 and protein intake. In conclusion, an adequate intake of protein is necessary for optimum expression of many, but not all, effects of the P-adrenergic agonist Ro 16·8714.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Experimental Design and Feedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a β-andrenergic agonist on growth performance, body composition and nutrient retention in finishing pigs fed normal or low amounts of protein

Bracher-Jakob

Blum

1990

Anim. Sci.

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“…In our study concentrations of creatinine decreased during the first weeks of lactation, as shown by BERTONI et al (1994). Creatine in skeletal muscle is converted to creatinine, muscle creatinine is the main source of plasma and urinary creatinine and urinary creatinine excretion in the absence of kidney damage can be taken as a measure of skeletal muscle breakdown (VAN NIEKERK et al, 1963;BRACHER-JAKOB et al, 1990) and this may, too, hold for plasma creatinine levels. In support, in our investigation plasma creatinine levels paralleled the decrease of the longissimus dorsi muscle diameter.…”

Section: Phsma Metabolites and Bornonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longissimus Dorsi Muscle Diameter, Backfat Thickness, Body Condition Scores and Skinfold Values Related to Metabolic and Endocrine Traits in Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Crystalline Fat or Free Fatty Acids

Bruckmaier

Gregoretti

Jans

et al. 1998

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

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An experiment was performed using 18 dairy cows with 2 2 lactations from parturition until week 20 of lactation to investigate the effects of feeding rumen-protected crystalline fat (group A) or free fatty acids (group B) compared with a control group not fed supplementd fat or fatty acids (group C). The feeding effects studied were those on milk yield and composition, body weight (By, body conditions scores (BCS), skinfold values (a measure of subcutaneous fat tissue thickness), backfat thickness and longissimus dorsi muscle diameter (measured by ultrasound), as well as on blood plasma metabolic and endocrine traits. Fat and fatty-acid feeding reduced roughage intake. Net energy and protein balances during the first week of lactation were negative. Milk yield was sirmlar in all groups, but concentrations of milk fat were reduced in group B and of milk protein i n groups A and B. BW, BCS, skinfold value, backfat thickness and longissimus dorsi musde diameter similarly decreased in all groups until weeks 8-12.Concentrations of glucose and fructosamine decreased transiently during early lactation, whereas levels of /3-hydroxybutyrate, urea, total protein and albumin increased reversibly and similarly in all groups. Concentrations of creatinine decreased similarly in all groups until week 4 and those of nonesterified fatty acids until week 12. Triglyceride concentrations increased continuously unul week 18, whereas concentrations of phospholipid and cholesterol increased until week 10 and then remained elevated. Triglyceride, phospholipid and cholesterol concentrations were higher in group B than in groups A and C throughout the experiment. Concentrations of insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, thyroxine and 3,5,3'triiodothyronine started to increase after the first 6-8 weeks of lactation, while those of growth hormone were transiently low in week 16. None of the hormones exhibited group differences. In this study rumenprotected fat or fatty-acid supplementation failed to improve the energy and protein balances during early lactation and did not affect milk yield, likely due to decreased roughage intake. BCS, skinfold values and backfat ultrasound measurements of subcutaneous adipose tissue mass and of longissimus dorsi muscle diameter indicated mobilization of fat tissue and protein mobilization in early lactation and were mirrored by typical changes of metabolic and endocrine traits.

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“…In the absence of recent experimental data on the whole body composition, current recommendations are often based on values obtained decades ago. For instance, the current Swiss nutrient recommendations (Agroscope, 2015) are based on experiments from the early 1990s (Bracher-Jakob et al, 1990;Bee, 1993). Chemical analysis of the whole body or body components using the sequential slaughter technique has proven to be a reliable way for determining effects of genotype, BW and nutrition on body chemical composition (Schinckel et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of amino acid and CP restriction from 20 to 140 kg BW on performance and dynamics in empty body protein and lipid deposition of entire male, castrated and female pigs

Ruiz-Ascacibar

Stoll

Kreuzer

et al. 2017

Animal

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Breeding leaner pigs during the last decades may have changed pig's empty body (EB) composition, a key trait for elaborating feeding recommendations. This research aimed to provide new experimental data on changes in the chemical composition of the EB of pigs from 20 to 140 kg BW. In addition, the impact of a reduction in the dietary CP associated with lower lysine, methionine + cystine, threonine and tryptophan levels was determined. In total, 48 males, castrates and females weighing 20 kg BW were allocated either to a control grower-finisher diet formulated according to current Swiss feeding recommendations, or a low CP grower-finisher diet (80% of control). Feed intake was monitored and pigs were weighed weekly. The chemical composition of EB (blood, hairs and hoofs, offals, bile, carcass) was determined at 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 kg BW on four pigs per gender and diet (eight pigs per gender at 20 kg). The five fractions were weighed and samples were analysed for dry matter, protein, fat and energy. Nutrient deposition rates and N efficiency were calculated by using the 20 kg BW category as reference. Analysis revealed an accurate feed optimisation for the aforementioned essential amino acids (EAA), whereas digestible isoleucine content in the low CP diet was at 70% of the control diet. Despite similar feed intake, daily gain and feed efficiency were impaired ( P < 0.01) from 20 to 100 kg BW in the low CP compared with the control pigs. In the same growth period, castrates had the greatest feed intake but, together with females, displayed the lowest ( P < 0.01) feed efficiency. Protein deposition was reduced ( P < 0.01) by up to 31% with low CP diet and was lower ( P < 0.01) in castrates and females than males at 100 kg BW. The greatest fat deposition rates were found with low CP diet and castrates. N efficiency improved ( P < 0.05) by 10% with the low CP diet from 100 to 140 kg. The males displayed the greatest ( P < 0.05) N efficiency. These findings suggest that the CP content of finisher II diets could be reduced to 102, 102 and 104 g/kg for females, castrates and males, respectively, without a negative impact on protein deposition or growth. It remains unclear whether the negative effects found in the BW range from 20 to 100 kg on the EB deposition were due to the 20% reduction of the dietary CP and the five limiting EAA or to other EAA via an unbalanced EAA profile.

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Effects of a β-adrenoceptor agonist on growth performance, nitrogen balance, body composition and retention of nitrogen, fat and energy of finishing pigs during restricted and ad libitum feeding

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

Effects of a β-andrenergic agonist on growth performance, body composition and nutrient retention in finishing pigs fed normal or low amounts of protein

Effects of a β-andrenergic agonist on growth performance, body composition and nutrient retention in finishing pigs fed normal or low amounts of protein

Longissimus Dorsi Muscle Diameter, Backfat Thickness, Body Condition Scores and Skinfold Values Related to Metabolic and Endocrine Traits in Lactating Dairy Cows Fed Crystalline Fat or Free Fatty Acids

Impact of amino acid and CP restriction from 20 to 140 kg BW on performance and dynamics in empty body protein and lipid deposition of entire male, castrated and female pigs

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