Effects of a Single Bout of Exercise on Arterial Compliance in Older Adults

Abstract

The effects of acute exercise on arterial compliance in older adults are unknown. Large and small arterial compliance were assessed during and 24 h following a 30 min bicycle ergometer test, and on a non-exercise, control condition. The change in large artery compliance was similar between the exercise and non-exercise conditions (p = 0.876). Small artery compliance during the exercise day was higher than the non-exercise day at 45, 60, and 75 min following exercise (p < 0.001), was 17% higher 30 min post-exercise than at rest (p < 0.001), and decreased by 20% between 30 min (4.5 ± 0.4 ml/mmHg x 100) and 120 min (3.6 ± 0.3 ml/mmHg x 100) after exercise (p = 0.027). The current study shows 30 min of moderate-intensity exercise transiently increases small arterial compliance 30 min after exercise, but does not elicit more sustained increases in either large or small arterial compliance.

Arterial function during various acute exercises

“…Burr et al (2012) 31) also reported that the large arterial compliance decreased from baseline to post-race (16.1 ± 4.4 to 13.5 ± 3.8 ml/ mmHg x10 ) after an ultra-marathon ranging from 120-195 km, which required between 20 to 40 hours. These findings, in opposition to previous studies 25,26) , may be related to impaired endothelial function, altered sympathetic adrenergic vasoconstrictor tone, or inflammation resulting from exhaustive exercise [32][33][34] . Although endurance exercise has a lot of favorable effects on arterial stiffness, the exercise intensity or volume should be monitored to obtain the maximum benefits.…”

“…1). In the case of older adults (71±7 yrs), a 17% increase in small arterial compliance, from rest to the peak value, was obtained 30 min post-exercise; thus suggesting that endurance cycling at 45% of the heart rate reserve can transiently alter small arterial compliance 26) .…”

Cardiovascular Effects and Enjoyment of Exercise Gaming in Older Adults

“…A relative post-exercise hypotension was shown by a significant decrease in systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures following the 15 minutes of Nintendo Wii play. A similar hypotensive response following other exercise protocols has been reported (Kenney & Seals, 1993;Nickel, Acree, & Gardner, 2011;Taylor-Tolbert et al, 2000). These as well as other studies support that both acute and chronic exercise of moderate intensity for 15-30 minutes daily may prove beneficial in reducing blood pressures by 5% mmHg of their diastolic blood pressure (Kelley et al, 2001).…”

Multiple-modality exercise and mind-motor training to improve cardiovascular health and fitness in older adults at risk for cognitive impairment: A randomized controlled trial

“…(Freudenberger et al, 2016) In the past decades, several studies have reported a positive relationship between high physical activity levels and improved arterial compliance (i.e., increased arterial elasticity). (Cameron & Dart, 1994;Cameron, Rajkumar, Kingwell, Jennings, & Dart, 1999;Otsuki et al, 2006;Tanaka et al, 2000Tanaka et al, , 1998 Regular aerobic-based exercise is a nonpharmacological strategy that seems to attenuate and partially reverse age-induced arterial stiffening by increasing arterial compliance (Cameron & Dart, 1994;Lu, Hui-Chan, & Tsang, 2013a, 2013bMaeda et al, 2008;Miyaki et al, 2009;Nickel, Acree, & Gardner, 2011;Parnell, Holst, & Kaye, 2002;Seals, Desouza, Donato, & Tanaka, 2008;Sugawara et al, 2009;Sugawara, Inoue, Hayashi, Yokoi, & Kono, 2004;Tanaka et al, 2000;Vanhees, Rauch, et al, 2012;Villareal, Smith, Sinacore, Shah, & Mittendorfer, 2011) and VO2max,(G. Huang et al, 2015;Vanhees, De Sutter, et al, 2012;Vanhees, Rauch, et al, 2012) thereby, leading to improved health outcomes. Although, resistance training also promotes improvements in VO2max, (Brentano et al, 2008;GR, JP, & MM, 2004;Hepple et al, 2015;D.…”