Effects of a short-term circuit weight training program on glycaemic control in NIDDM

Dunstan, David W.; Puddey, Ian B.; Beilin, Lawrie J.; Burke, Valerie; Morton, Alan R.; Stanton, K.

doi:10.1016/s0168-8227(98)00027-8

Cited by 162 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Of the studies otherwise meeting the inclusion criteria, two trials (three articles) were not included since the fitness test was not a maximal aerobic test [35,36,37], three trials (four articles) were excluded because they included a large resistance training component combined with non-continuous aerobic exercise [38,39,40,41] and two articles were excluded since we were unable to differentiate between subjects with and without diabetes [42,43]. Four of the potential articles did not have baseline and post-training VO 2max data available [44,45,46,47] while one trial (two articles) measured post training VO 2max 6 months after the initiation of the 10-week exercise intervention [48,49] and was therefore excluded.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of the effect of structured exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness in Type 2 diabetes mellitus

et al. 2003

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Aims/hypothesis. Low cardiorespiratory fitness is a powerful and independent predictor of mortality in people with diabetes. Several studies have examined the effects of exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness in Type 2 diabetic individuals. However, these studies had relatively small sample sizes and highly variable results. Therefore the aim of this study was to systematically review and quantify the effects of exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness in Type 2 diabetic individuals. Methods. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and four other databases were searched up to March 2002 for randomized, controlled trials evaluating effects of structured aerobic exercise interventions of 8 weeks or more on cardiorespiratory fitness in adults with Type 2 diabetes. Cardiorespiratory fitness was defined as maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max ) during a maximal exercise test.Results. Seven studies, presenting data for nine randomized trials comparing exercise and control groups (overall n=266), met the inclusion criteria. Mean exercise characteristics were as follows: 3.4 sessions per week, 49 min per session for 20 weeks. Exercise intensity ranged from 50% to 75% of VO 2max . There was an 11.8% increase in VO 2max in the exercise group and a 1.0% decrease in the control group (post intervention standardized mean difference =0.53, p<0.003). Studies with higher exercise intensities tended to produce larger improvements in VO 2max . Exercise intensity predicted post-intervention weighted mean difference in HbA 1c (r=−0.91, p=0.002 Meta-analysis of the effect of structured exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness in Type 2 diabetes mellitus N. G. Boulé 1 , G. P. Kenny 1 , E. Haddad 2 , G. A. Wells 3, 4 , R. J. Sigal 1, 3 1 School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 3 Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada 4 Department of Epidemiology and Community Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada pacities of athletes. In recent decades, VO 2max has had a growing importance in clinical settings and has become the gold standard measure of cardiovascular fitness and exercise capacity [1]. There is evidence from large cohort studies that low cardiorespiratory fitness is a powerful and independent predictor of long-term cardiac mortality in people with diabetes [2,3,4], even after controlling for traditional risk factors such as age, hypercholesterolaemia, smoking, and hypertension and excluding individuals with evidence of coronary ischaemia during testing. Furthermore, in non-diabetic subjects undergoing repeated maximalThe maximal amount of oxygen consumed during exercise (VO 2max ) has been used for decades by exercise physiologists to determine the maximum exercise ca-

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of the effect of structured exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness in Type 2 diabetes mellitus

et al. 2003

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“…Previous resistance-type exercise intervention studies in uncomplicated T2D patients have applied higher-intensity exercise and reported strength increases between 25 and 75% (29,(56)(57)(58)(59)(60). Some of these intervention studies report significant improvements in HbA 1c (56,57), and glucose area under the curve (58,61).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-standing, insulin-treated type 2 diabetes patients with complications respond well to short-term resistance and interval exercise training

Praet¹,

Jonkers²,

Schep³

et al. 2008

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: To determine the feasibility and the benefits of combined resistance and interval exercise training on phenotype characteristics and skeletal muscle function in deconditioned, type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with polyneuropathy. Design: Short-term, single-arm intervention trial. Methods: Eleven male T2D patients (age: 59.1G7.5 years; body mass index: 32.2G4.0 kg/m 2 ) performed progressive resistance and interval exercise training thrice a week for 10 weeks. Besides primary diabetes outcome measures, muscle strength (MUST), maximal workload capacity (W max ), whole-body peak oxygen uptake (VO 2peak ) and muscle oxidative capacity (MUOX), intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) and glycogen (IMCG) storage, and systemic inflammation markers were determined before and after training. Daily exogenous insulin requirements (EIR) and historic individualized EIR were gathered and analysed. Results: MUST and W max increased with 17% (90% confidence intervals 9-24%) and 14% (6-21) respectively. Furthermore, mean arterial blood pressure declined with 5.5 mmHg (K9.7 to K1.4). EIR dropped with 5.0 IU/d (K11.5 to 1.5) compared with baseline. A decline of respectively K0.7 mmol/l (K2.9 to 1.5) and K147 mmol/l (K296 to 2) in fasting plasma glucose and non-esterified fatty acids concentrations were observed following the intervention, but these were not accompanied by changes in VO 2peak , MUOX, IMCL or IMCG, and blood glycolysated haemoglobin, adiponectin, tumor necrosis factor-a and/or cholesterol concentrations. Conclusion: Short-term resistance and interval exercise training is feasible in deconditioned T2D patients with polyneuropathy and accompanied by moderate improvements in muscle function and blood pressure. Such a specific exercise regimen may provide a better framework for future exercise intervention programmes in the treatment of deconditioned T2D patients.

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“…Therefore, it is likely that the training intensity during home-based training was below the level (70 -90% 1RM) generally considered to be optimal for affecting change in muscle mass and glycemic control in older adults with type 2 diabetes (11). Previous studies in patients with type 2 diabetes using low to moderate intensity resistance training protocols (40 -50% 1RM) have failed to detect any improvement or only modest effects on HbA 1c levels (3,12). Our findings also support the results from a recent study in older patients with type 2 diabetes (4), which indicate that high-intensity resistance training, similar to what was used during gymnasium-based training in the present study, may be necessary to induce a stronger stimulus for glucose uptake.…”

Section: Changes In Physiological Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home-Based Resistance Training Is Not Sufficient to Maintain Improved Glycemic Control Following Supervised Training in Older Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2005

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OBJECTIVE -To examine whether improvements in glycemic control and body composition resulting from 6 months of supervised high-intensity progressive resistance training could be maintained after an additional 6 months of home-based resistance training.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We performed a 12-month randomized controlled trial in 36 sedentary, overweight men and women with type 2 diabetes (aged 60 -80 years) who were randomly assigned to moderate weight loss plus high-intensity progressive resistance training (RT&WL group) or moderate weight loss plus a control program (WL group). Supervised gymnasium-based training for 6 months was followed by an additional 6 months of home-based training. Glycemic control (HbA 1c ), body composition, muscle strength, and metabolic syndrome abnormalities were assessed at 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months.RESULTS -Compared with the WL group, HbA 1c decreased significantly more in the RT&WL group (Ϫ0.8%) during 6 months of supervised gymnasium-based training; however, this effect was not maintained after an additional 6 months of home-based training. In contrast, the greater increase in lean body mass (LBM) observed in the RT&WL group compared with the WL group (0.9 kg, P Ͻ 0.05) after the gymnasium-based training tended to be maintained after the home-based training (0.8 kg, P ϭ 0.08). Similarly, the gymnasium-based increases in upper body and lower body muscle strength in the RT&WL group were maintained over the 12 months (P Ͻ 0.001). There were no between-group differences for changes in body weight, fat mass, fasting glucose, or insulin at 6 or 12 months.CONCLUSIONS -In older adults with type 2 diabetes, home-based progressive resistance training was effective for maintaining the gymnasium-based improvements in muscle strength and LBM but not glycemic control. Reductions in adherence and exercise training volume and intensity seem to impede the effectiveness of home-based training for maintaining improved glycemic control. Diabetes Care 28:3-9, 2005P hysical activity recommendations for older patients with type 2 diabetes have traditionally focused on aerobic-based activities such as walking programs. However, resistance or strength training has been considered a viable alternative to aerobic exercise because of its effectiveness in improving muscular strength and its role in the prevention of age-related sarcopenia (1). Recently, we have reported improved HbA 1c in sedentary, overweight, older men and women (60 -80 years of age) with type 2 diabetes after 6 months of supervised progressive resistance training (2). Other controlled trials have also demonstrated improved glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes after supervised resistance training for 2-4 months (3,4).Although these findings support the use of resistance training for the management of glycemic control in older adults with type 2 diabetes, it is unclear whether improved glycemic control can be maintained after supervised exercise is withdrawn. Most trials have used supervised exercise sessions in laborator...

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Effects of a short-term circuit weight training program on glycaemic control in NIDDM

Cited by 162 publications

References 24 publications

Meta-analysis of the effect of structured exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness in Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Meta-analysis of the effect of structured exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness in Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Long-standing, insulin-treated type 2 diabetes patients with complications respond well to short-term resistance and interval exercise training

Home-Based Resistance Training Is Not Sufficient to Maintain Improved Glycemic Control Following Supervised Training in Older Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes

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