Effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement, psychosocial functioning, and physical fitness: A multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial

Pinto-Escalona, Tania; Gobbi, Erica; Bennett, Simon J.; Aschieri, Pierluigi; Martı́n-Loeches, Manuel; Paoli, Antonio; Martínez‐de‐Quel, Óscar

doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2021.10.006

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…This is an ancillary analysis of our recent multi‐country cluster RCT ( Sport at School project), whose details can be found elsewhere 12 . Due to the apparent variability observed in our RCT, we performed this ancillary analysis (not originally planned) to examine inter‐individual responses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main part consisted of non‐specific motor tasks aimed at improving cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, coordination, balance, and flexibility (e.g., somersaults, jumps, dynamic flexibility, advance in lunge position, going around vertical plastic sticks, and kicking to sponge balls). The final part of the sessions included stretching exercises, discussion about the class (e.g., feelings, difficulties), and final bows (see Pinto‐Escalona et al for more details) 12 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to fill the abovementioned research gap, a recent cluster RCT by our research group showed that a one‐year school‐based karate intervention was overall effective for the improvement of academic performance, conduct problems, and physical fitness in 721 European primary school children 12 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual responsiveness to a school‐based karate intervention: An ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

Pinto-Escalona

Martı́n-Loeches

Martínez‐de‐Quel

2022

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Introduction: School-based sport interventions have shown beneficial effects on psychosocial functioning and academic performance in children. However, the inter-individual variability in response to these types of interventions remains unclear. We aimed to determine which children benefit most from a school-based sport intervention. Methods: This is an ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial assessing the effects of a 1-year school-based karate intervention (versus "traditional" physical education lessons) in children (7-8 years) from twenty schools across five European countries. Outcomes included psychosocial functioning (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire [SDQ] for parents) and academic performance (grade point average). Only participants of the intervention group were included in the present ancillary analysis, and were categorized as responders or non-responders for the analyzed outcomes attending to whether improvements surpassed a minimal clinically important difference.Results: About 388 children (187 girls) from the intervention group completed the study, of which 17% and 46% were considered responders for SDQ and academic performance, respectively. Responders for the SDQ presented higher SDQ scores (i.e., higher psychosocial difficulties) at baseline than non-responders (p < 0.001). Responders for academic performance were mostly males (p = 0.017), with an older age (p = 0.030), and with worse academic performance (p < 0.001) at baseline compared with non-responders, and tended to present higher SDQ scores (p = 0.055). Responders for one outcome obtained greater benefits from the intervention on the other outcome (e.g., responders for SDQ improved academic performance [p < 0.001] compared with non-responders). Conclusions:A school-based sport intervention (karate) seems particularly effective for children with psychosocial difficulties and low academic performance.How to cite this article: Pinto-Escalona T, Valenzuela PL, Martin-Loeches M, Martinez-de-Quel O. Individual responsiveness to a schoolbased karate intervention: An ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual responsiveness to a school‐based karate intervention: An ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

Pinto-Escalona

Martı́n-Loeches

Martínez‐de‐Quel

2022

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…Applying well-organized martial arts programs to children can lead to an increase in physical fitness, although the test results are not unequivocal [ 2 ]. Many studies have explored the application of various martial arts programs in children in order to improve their motor skills and physical fitness [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Positive effects could sometimes be visible, especially in children who have been practicing martial arts since childhood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The progress of science and technology has led to a decrease in motor activity in favor of a sedentary lifestyle, which has negatively affected the physical development of children [ 7 ]. The percentage of children who meet the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria for the recommended level of physical activity [ 13 ] is very small and ranges from 2% to 14% and from 9% to 34% in European girls and boys, respectively [ 5 ]. Practicing martial arts greatly affects the improvement of the conative characteristics of a person, such as determination, consistency, and motivation [ 14 ], as a result of well-organized training, which can directly affect the improvement of physical fitness [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Participating in Martial Arts in Children: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Background: The application of various martial arts programs can greatly contribute to improving the of physical fitness of preschool and school children. The purpose of this review paper was to determine the effects and influence that martial arts program intervention has on children’s physical fitness, which includes motor skills and the aerobic and anaerobic abilities of children. Method: We searched the following electronic scientific databases for articles published in English from January 2006 to April 2021 to gather data for this review paper: Google Scholar, Pub Med, and Web of Science. Results: After the search was completed, 162 studies were identified, of which 16 studies were selected and were systematically reviewed and analyzed. Eight studies included karate programs, four studies included judo programs, two studies contained aikido programs, and two studies contained taekwondo programs. The total number of participants was 1615 (experimental group = 914, control group = 701). Based on the main findings, karate, judo, taekwondo, and aikido programs showed positive effects on the physical fitness of the experimental group of children. According to the results, the effects of these programs showed statistically significant improvements between the initial and final measurements of most of the examined experimental groups. Conclusion: We concluded that martial arts programs were helpful for improving the physical fitness of preschool and school children, especially for parameters such as cardiorespiratory fitness, speed, agility, strength, flexibility, coordination, and balance.

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Hajime! はじめ! Karate as Academic Salvation

Kalenjuk

2022

Research and Teaching in a Pandemic World

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Effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement, psychosocial functioning, and physical fitness: A multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Individual responsiveness to a school‐based karate intervention: An ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

Individual responsiveness to a school‐based karate intervention: An ancillary analysis of a randomized controlled trial

Effects of Participating in Martial Arts in Children: A Systematic Review

Hajime! はじめ! Karate as Academic Salvation

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