Effects of a Physical Activity Program on Markers of Endothelial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Metabolic Status in Adolescents with Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a precursor of diabetes. Physical activity (PA) improves endothelial dysfunction and may benefit patients with MetS. Aims. To evaluate the effect of a physical activity (PA) program on markers of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in adolescents with (MetS). Methods. We carried out a cohort study of 38 adolescents with and without MetS (18 females and 20 males). All participants completed a 3-month PA program. All variables of the MetS as well as markers of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress tests were evaluated. Results. Females with and without MetS showed significant differences for almost all components of the MetS, whereas males were significantly different in half of the components. After the PA program, components of the MetS were not different from baseline values except for HDL-C levels. Some baseline endothelial dysfunction markers were significantly different among adolescents with and without MetS; however, after the PA program, most of these markers significantly improved in subjects with and without MetS. Conclusion. PA improves the markers of endothelial dysfunction in adolescents with MetS although other changes in the components of the MetS were not observed. Perhaps the benefits of PA on all components of MetS would appear after a PA program with a longer duration.

Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetes: Pathogenesis, Significance, and Treatment

“…In patients with CAD, greater weight reduction following exercise training was associated with a greater increase in FMD, suggesting a dose response effect [87]. Physical activity also improved plasma markers of endothelial function and oxidative stress in adolescents with the metabolic syndrome [90]. In type 2 diabetic patients, weight loss and increased physical activity have been shown to improve endothelial function [91][92][93].…”

Evaluación de factores de riesgo asociados a enfermedad cardiovascular en jóvenes universitarios de la Localidad Santafé en Bogotá, Colombia

“…Esta situación es preocupante ya que el sedentarismo es uno de los comportamientos de riesgo que presenta mayor prevalencia en la actualidad. La práctica de actividad física regular está relacionada con la disminución de los riesgos de enfermedades cardiovasculares y los beneficios son mayores si se inicia en etapas tempranas de la vida (30)(31)(32)(33).…”

Effects of endurance and high intensity training on ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 levels and arterial pressure in obese and normal weight adolescents

“…Numerous studies have shown the strong relationship between the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases and obesity [1][2][3]. This phenomenon is not only limited to adults, but it also applies to obese children and adolescents [3].…”

“…Nowadays, approximately 16% of children worldwide are obese, and the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescents is associated with endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular diseases, and mortality [1,3]. Researchers also point out that obese children older than 10 years are more susceptible to dyslipidemia, high arterial blood pressure, metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases [2]. One of the most common cardiovascular diseases is atherosclerosis, which is the accumulation of lipids and fatty substances in the blood vessels leading to vasoconstriction and decreased blood flow to the muscle myocardial occlusion of the vessel wall [4].…”

“…One of the most common cardiovascular diseases is atherosclerosis, which is the accumulation of lipids and fatty substances in the blood vessels leading to vasoconstriction and decreased blood flow to the muscle myocardial occlusion of the vessel wall [4]. Studies have shown that inflammatory agents play an important role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis [2]. Indeed, increased levels of pro-inflammation agents, which aid the adhesion of leukocytes to vascular endothelium, will ultimately cause atherosclerosis.…”