Effects of a natural extract of (–)‐hydroxycitric acid (HCA‐SX) and a combination of HCA‐SX plus niacin‐bound chromium and Gymnema sylvestre extract on weight loss

Abstract

The present study shows that optimal doses of HCA-SX and, to a greater degree, the combination of HCA-SX, NBC and GSE can serve as an effective and safe weight-loss formula that can facilitate a reduction in excess body weight and BMI, while promoting healthy blood lipid levels.

Phytochemicals in regulating fatty acid β-oxidation: Potential underlying mechanisms and their involvement in obesity and weight loss

“…In gastrointestinal tract, before fat gets absorbed, it is subjected to the action of 120 pancreatic lipase with its inhibition being a clinically approved strategy for controlling 121 obesity. One such drug compound is Orlistat; however, also associated with certain side viii.…”

Serotonin Toxicity Associated with Garcinia cambogia Over-the-counter Supplement

“…Upon readministration of the cyproheptadine, her symptoms resolved. The delay of 1-2 months from the start of the HCAcontaining product may be explained by the noted elevation over time in serum serotonin levels by participants in the pilot study conducted by Preuss et al [4]. In this study, statistically significant differences in serotonin levels were noted between 4 and 8 weeks in the groups receiving HCA.…”

“…Animal research has suggested that HCA has appetite-suppressant qualities via the production of hepatic glycogen and subsequent activation of the glucoreceptors which generate feelings of satiation. HCA may also inhibit de novo fat synthesis by competitive inhibition of adenosine triphosphate citrate (pro-3S) lyase, the required enzyme needed for fat synthesis, responsible for generating acetyl coA from citrate [4][5][6].…”

“…The mechanism of increased serotonin concentrations is not clear but has been hypothesized to be from the upregulation of genes that encode serotonin receptors [1]. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind pilot study found that in 30 obese human subjects, there was an increase in serum serotonin concentrations of 39.8 % (initial level of 216±23.55 ng/ mL, final level (8 weeks later) 302±26.74 ng/mL), compared to controls (initial level of 220±17.09 ng/mL, final level 266.3±15.31) [3,4].…”

“…HCA analogs increase serotonin concentrations within the brains of rats [1,3], and randomized human studies have found elevations in free serum serotonin concentrations after the administration of HCA derivatives [4].…”