Effects of a Mediterranean-Style Diet on the Need for Antihyperglycemic Drug Therapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

Esposito, Katherine; Maiorino, Maria Ida; Ciotola, Miryam; Palo, Carmen Di; Scognamiglio, Paola; Gicchino, Maurizio; Petrizzo, Michela; Saccomanno, F.; Beneduce, F.; Ceriello, Antonio; Giugliano, Dario

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-5-200909010-00004

Cited by 382 publications

(180 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In our study, however, the mean decline in HbA1c was substantially greater, falling by 2.5 ± 2.1%. Similarly, in our study, total cholesterol and triglycerides decreased by 0.79 ± 1.01 mmol/l and 0.56 ± 0.67 mmol/l, respectively, which exceeded values reported in other studies 7, 8. However, the modest improvements we observed in blood pressure were in line with previous reports 7, 8…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In the LookAHEAD study and a Mediterranean diet trial in persons with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c decreased by 0.6% and 1.2%, respectively, after 1 year 7, 8. In our study, however, the mean decline in HbA1c was substantially greater, falling by 2.5 ± 2.1%.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…Previous studies conducted in patients with type 2 diabetes in developed countries have shown significant beneficial effects of >5% weight loss on HbA1c, lipids and blood pressure 7, 8, 9. In the LookAHEAD study and a Mediterranean diet trial in persons with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c decreased by 0.6% and 1.2%, respectively, after 1 year 7, 8.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Lifestyle modification intervention improves glycemic control in Mongolian adults who are overweight or obese with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

Sonomtseren

Sankhuu²,

Warfel

et al. 2016

Obesity Science & Practice

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SummaryObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of a weight loss intervention in Mongolian adults with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and with BMIs ≥ 25.0 kg/m2.MethodsEighty participants (33 men/47 women) aged 32–56 years old received education sessions to improve nutritional habits and increase physical activity. Participants were counselled in‐person on two occasions with regular follow‐up by phone to eat less (reduce calorie intake by 30–40% and consume fewer fatty foods), shift food intake to earlier in a day and increase physical activity such as walking, jogging, running and biking. Measurements were performed before and after the 6‐month intervention.ResultsAfter 6 months, the average weight loss was 4.3 ± 4.7 kg, representing a 4.9 ± 5.4% reduction in body weight (p < 0.0001). Mean HbA1c decreased from 8.5 ± 2.7% to 6.0 ± 1.8% (p < 0.0001), and the percent of individuals with HbA1c in the diabetic range dropped from 76.3% to 27.5%. These changes were accompanied by marked improvements in cardiovascular risk factors, including total cholesterol (3.92 ± 1.02 to 3.13 ± 0.80 mmol/l; p < 0.0001) and triglycerides (2.11 ± 0.82 to 1.54 ± 0.51 mmol/l; p < 0.0001), and modest reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe remarkable improvement in glycemic control and lipid profile in participants suggests that a lifestyle modification intervention targeting weight loss may be highly effective for early diabetes treatment and prevention in Mongolians.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Lifestyle modification intervention improves glycemic control in Mongolian adults who are overweight or obese with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

Sonomtseren

Sankhuu²,

Warfel

et al. 2016

Obesity Science & Practice

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“…Moreover, a recent small crossover trial showed that a MeDiet reduced the average levels of Hb1Ac [22]. In addition, in an experimental design, the MeDiet achieved a better glycaemic control than a low-fat diet [23]. An inverse association between adherence to the MeDiet and fasting plasma glucose, insulin and the homeostasis model assessment index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels has also been found in non-diabetic participants and has thus been interpreted as a protective effect of the MeDiet against T2DM [24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and HbA1c Level

Díez‐Espino¹,

Buil‐Cosiales²,

Serrano-Martínez³

et al. 2011

Ann Nutr Metab

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Rationale and Objective: The Mediterranean diet (MeDiet) has beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors. We analyzed the association between adherence of a MeDiet in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and levels of HbA1c. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in individuals with T2DM participating in the PREDIMED trial at the centre of Pamplona. Information on diet was collected with a validated 14 point scale of adherence to the MeDiet and blood samples were obtained to assess HbA1c levels. Results: We studied 383 participants with T2DM, 53.4% women (mean age 69 ± 6 years). HbA1c data were available in 262 cases (mean 6.9 ± 1.5%). Although there was a potential inverse non-significant association between adherence to MeDiet and HbA1c levels after adjusting for age and sex, it was not statistically significant. Multivariate analysis additionally adjusted for physical activity, smoking, time of evolution of the T2DM, body mass index and insulin treatment found similar findings (OR = 0.69, 95% CI 0.17–2.83). Conclusions: Although we found not enough evidence to support that a MeDiet is associated with lower levels of HbA1c in patients with T2DM, our results suggested an inverse trend. Future studies with larger sample size are necessary.

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“…Where SD was not available, the authors of the original publication have been asked for the missing data. With regard to one trial [18], the baseline SD had to be imputed. We assumed that this is a valid procedure, since the baseline and post-intervention SD were found to be similar within the other trials included in the meta-analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Monounsaturated Fatty Acids on Glycaemic Control in Patients with Abnormal Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Schwingshackl¹,

Strasser²,

Hoffmann³

2011

Ann Nutr Metab

131

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Background/Aims: In 2008, the American Diabetes Association recommended low-carbohydrate or low-fat diets for weight management in patients with established type 2 diabetes (T2D), while the amount of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was not specified. This systematic review focused on the effects of diets high in MUFA versus diets low in MUFA on important risk factors of T2D (i.e. plasma glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and glycosylated haemoglobin, HbA1c). Methods: Nine randomized controlled intervention trials with a total of 1,547 participants and a running time of at least 6 months, comparing diets high versus low in MUFA among adults with abnormal glucose metabolism (T2D, impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistant), being overweight or obese, have been included in the meta-analysis. We performed a random effects meta-analysis to determine the weighted mean differences with 95% confidence intervals using the software package Review Manager 5.0.25 of the Cochrane Collaboration. Results: Significant differences in HbA1c were found (weighted mean difference –0.21%, 95% CI –0.40 to –0.02; p = 0.03), favouring the high MUFA groups. In contrast, fasting plasma glucose, fasting plasma insulin as well as the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance were not affected by the amounts of MUFA in the dietary protocols. Conclusions: In summary, this systematic review found that high MUFA diets appear to be effective in reducing HbA1c, and therefore, should be recommended in the dietary regimes of T2D.

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Effects of a Mediterranean-Style Diet on the Need for Antihyperglycemic Drug Therapy in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract: Second University of Naples.

Cited by 382 publications

References 31 publications

Lifestyle modification intervention improves glycemic control in Mongolian adults who are overweight or obese with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

Lifestyle modification intervention improves glycemic control in Mongolian adults who are overweight or obese with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and HbA1c Level

Effects of Monounsaturated Fatty Acids on Glycaemic Control in Patients with Abnormal Glucose Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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