Effects of a Job Crafting Intervention Program on Work Engagement Among Japanese Employees: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sakuraya, Asuka; Shimazu, Akihito; Imamura, Kotaro; Kawakami, Norito

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00235

Cited by 23 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(124 reference statements)

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“…The effect sizes for work performance were small, with values of 0.19 (95% CI: -0.06 to 0.44) at 3-month follow-up and 0.13 (95% CI: -0.14 to 0.39) at 6-month follow-up. The means and SDs of job crafting at each time point were reported in Sakuraya et al 39 The results of the estimated effects on job crafting based on the mixed model analyses and effect sizes (Cohen's d) were also shown in the study (Sakuraya et al 39 ). AccordingtoSakurayaetal, 39 the effect of the intervention on job crafting were non-significant.…”

Section: Effects Of the Job Crafting Intervention Program On Each Out...mentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Participants in the intervention group were provided the job crafting intervention program 33,39 . In brief, the program comprised two 120-minute sessions led by the first author.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants in the intervention group were provided the job crafting intervention program. 33,39 In brief, the program comprised two 120-minute sessions led by the first author. In the first session, the participants learned the concept of job crafting, including task, relational, or cognitive crafting, discussed their personal job crafting experiences in their own working lives, and created their own individual job crafting plans.…”

Section: Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a Job Crafting Intervention Program on Work Performance Among Japanese Employees: An Analysis of Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Sakuraya

Shimazu

Imamura

et al. 2022

Journal of Occupational &Amp; Environmental Medicine

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Objective: This study reports a randomized controlled trial of the effect of a job crafting intervention program on work performance and job crafting (as secondary outcomes) among Japanese employees. Methods: Participants who satisfied the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to an intervention (n ¼ 138) or a control group (n ¼ 143). Outcomes were measured at baseline and at 3-month and 6-month follow-up in both groups. Results: For the whole sample, the job crafting intervention program showed a nonsignificant effect on work performance and job crafting. However, the program showed a significant effect on these outcomes among younger participants (under 36 years old). Conclusions: The job crafting intervention program may not be sufficiently effective to improve work performance and job crafting for the whole sample of participants. However, it may be efficacious for younger workers.

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Section: Effects Of the Job Crafting Intervention Program On Each Out...mentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Participants in the intervention group were provided the job crafting intervention program 33,39 . In brief, the program comprised two 120-minute sessions led by the first author.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of a Job Crafting Intervention Program on Work Performance Among Japanese Employees: An Analysis of Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Sakuraya

Shimazu

Imamura

et al. 2022

Journal of Occupational &Amp; Environmental Medicine

Self Cite

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“…One intervention trained participants in job crafting by means of visual arts. To increase effectiveness, studies added experiential learning techniques ( Gordon et al, 2018 , Study 1 & Study 2; Dubbelt et al, 2019 ), exercises aimed at aligning job tasks with inner strengths and abilities ( Mastenbroek et al, 2015 ; van Wingerden et al, 2016 , 2017a , b , c ; Kuijpers et al, 2020 ), and cognitive training to redefine one’s work situation ( Sakuraya et al, 2016 , 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bottom-Up Interventions Effective in Promoting Work Engagement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bolander

Forsman

2021

Front. Psychol.

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Background: Promoting work engagement is of interest to organizations across sectors due to the associated positive outcomes. This interest warrants research on the evidence of work engagement interventions. Intervention research increasingly advocates a bottom-up approach, highlighting the role of employees themselves. These workplace interventions often encourage employees to identify, develop, and make use of workplace resources. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the effectiveness and potential underlying mechanisms of these bottom-up, resource-developing interventions.Method: Systematic searches were conducted in the online databases Web of Science, Academic Search Complete, Business Source Ultimate, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar. Publication year range was 2000–2020. Eligibility criteria were defined using PICOS. To be eligible for the systematic review, the intervention study identified had to aim at promoting working individuals’ work engagement by developing workplace resources from bottom-up. Work engagement had to be measured using the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. The systematic review included one-, two-, or multiple-armed – randomized or non-randomized – intervention studies with various study designs. Further, a meta-analysis was conducted on a sub-set of the studies included in the systematic review. To be eligible for the meta-analysis, the studies had to be two- or multiple-armed and provide the information necessary to compute effect sizes.Results: Thirty-one studies were included in the systematic review. The majority reported that overall work engagement increased as an effect of the intervention. The evidence regarding the sub-components of work engagement was scattered. Potential underlying mechanisms explored were intervention foci, approach, and format. Dimensions of satisfaction and performance were identified as secondary outcomes. Participant experiences were generally described as positive in most of the studies applying mixed methods. The meta-analysis showed a small but promising intervention effect on work engagement (24 studies, SMD: −0.22, 95% CI: −0.34 to −0.11, with I2=53%, indicating moderate inconsistency in the evidence).Conclusion: The synthesized evidence suggests that bottom-up, resource-developing interventions are effective in the promotion of work engagement. The meta-analysis suggests that focusing on strengths use or mobilizing ego resources and adopting a universal approach increase intervention effectiveness.

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“…Second, in light of the increased attention for behavioral forms of job crafting, that is, task and relational crafting (Rudolph et al, 2017;Zhang & Parker, 2019) and crafting job demands and resources (Tims et al, 2012), our study addresses the dearth of studies on cognitive crafting. Third, the results from this study could be helpful for organizations that struggle with declined engagement levels in their remote workforces since the outbreak of COVID-19, as cognitive crafting can be taught and cognitive crafting interventions have shown to increase work engagement (Sakuraya et al, 2016(Sakuraya et al, , 2020. The practical implications are not limited to health care organizations: More industries may be dealing with a sudden division between remote workers and workers who are required to work on the frontline (e.g., public transport, supermarkets).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Cognitive crafting and work engagement: A study among remote and frontline health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

Wijngaards

Pronk

Bakker

et al. 2021

Health Care Manage Rev

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BackgroundThe outbreak of COVID-19 has led to a profound change in the organization of work in the health care sector. As frontline health care workers are essential in battling the pandemic and their work is appreciated in society, we argue that health care workers who are forced to work from home are likely to perceive their jobs as less meaningful, which in turn may negatively affect their engagement at work. Cognitive crafting, or the altering of the perceptions one has about their tasks and relationships with the aim to enhance the meaningfulness of work, may be a fruitful cognitive strategy to counter the problems remote health care workers face.PurposeThe primary purpose was to study the relationship between cognitive crafting, working from home (WFH), and work engagement.MethodologyWe collected cross-sectional survey data between May 7 and June 2, 2020, from a single hospital in the Netherlands (n = 278). The central hypothesis was tested using multiple regression analysis.ResultsThe relationship between cognitive crafting and work engagement was moderated by WFH, such that the relationship is more positive for health care workers who work from home permanently since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic than for frontline workers and workers who work partially from home.ConclusionOur findings are consistent with previous research on cognitive crafting. We conclude that cognitive crafting is an interesting cognitive strategy to stay engaged for health care workers who are mandated into WFH.Practice ImplicationsWe advise organizations to provide remote workers virtual group trainings that promote cognitive crafting and expose them to testimonies of people who are positively affected by their work. More generally, we recommend organizations to engage in effective top-down work design and foster a climate for cognitive as well as behavioral job crafting strategies.

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Effects of a Job Crafting Intervention Program on Work Engagement Among Japanese Employees: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cited by 23 publications

References 65 publications

Effects of a Job Crafting Intervention Program on Work Performance Among Japanese Employees: An Analysis of Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Effects of a Job Crafting Intervention Program on Work Performance Among Japanese Employees: An Analysis of Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Bottom-Up Interventions Effective in Promoting Work Engagement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cognitive crafting and work engagement: A study among remote and frontline health care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic

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