Effects of a Ganoderma lucidum Proteoglycan on Type 2 Diabetic Rats and the Recovery of Rat Pancreatic Islets

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) results from both insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. A natural proteoglycan extracted from Ganoderma lucidum, namely, FYGL, has been demonstrated to be capable of ameliorating insulin resistance in previous work. In this work, a T2D rat model induced by streptozocin (STZ) and a high-fat diet was used to investigate the effects of FYGL on pancreatic functions, and the transcriptomics of the rat pancreas was used to investigate the biological processes (BP) and signal pathways influenced by FYGL on the gene basis. Furthermore, the results of transcriptomics were verified both by histopathological analyses and protein expression. The studies showed that FYGL positively regulated T2D-related BP and signaling pathways and recovered the pancreatic function, therefore ameliorating hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in vivo. Importantly, the recovery of the pancreatic function suggested a crucial strategy to radically treat T2D.

Rosavin improves insulin resistance and alleviates hepatic and kidney damage via modulating the cGAS-STING pathway and autophagy signaling in HFD/STZ-induced T2DM animals

“…The animals were then given urethane anesthesia (100 mg kg −1 , intraperitoneally). 40 Blood samples were collected from a retro-orbital vein to separate the serum and the animals were then euthanized by cervical dislocation. Kidney, liver, and adipose tissue were collected from all animal groups, cleaned, and divided into several portions.…”

Proteoglycan Extracted from Ganoderma lucidum Ameliorated Diabetes-Induced Muscle Atrophy via the AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway In Vivo and In Vitro

“…After the diet-induced T2D model was established, HFD/STZ rats were orally administrated FYGL or saline for 4 weeks. Basic metabolic data of SD rats have been studied and published previously, 25 as shown in Figure S7 . In this study, the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle of the rats was dissected, and the inhibitory effects of FYGL on muscle atrophy were observed by hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) staining.…”

Research progress of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in prevention and treatment of Atherosclerosis

“…Furthermore, Yu et al found that FYGL, a proteoglycan extracted from Ganoderma lucidum entities, could promote PPARγ expression in the pancreas of T2D rats and upregulate Pdx-1 expression to increase the number of pancreatic β-cells. Thus, FYGL was able to restore pancreatic islet function and lower blood glucose [ 72 ].…”