Effects of a gintonin-enriched fraction on hair growth: an in vitro and in vivo study

Lee, Na-Eun; Park, Sang-Deuk; Hwang, Hongik; Choi, Sun-Hye; Lee, Ra Mi; Nam, Sung Min; Choi, Jeong-Hyun; Rhim, Hyewhon; Cho, Ik‐Hyun; Kim, Hyoung‐Chun; Hwang, Sung‐Hee; Nah, Seung‐Yeol

doi:10.1016/j.jgr.2019.05.013

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…It is known that gintonin is an LPA receptor ligand and that LPA can increase VEGF release in various cell types [ 11 , 16 , 37 ]. Moreover, VEGF can be secreted by keratinocytes [ 22 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LPA receptors are known to be involved in biological effects including mitogenic effects on various cell types, hair follicle development, vascular development, regulation of embryo implantation, and spermatogenesis [ 12 , 13 ]. Gintonin shares many physiological and pharmacological effects with LPA [ 11 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Gintonin can stimulate intracellular calcium mobilization, proliferation, and migration in various cells [ 11 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can also protect neuronal cells and improve memory in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model [ 15 ]. Gintonin can also promote hair growth and proliferation of hair follicle cells in mice [ 16 ]. Ginseng extracts were also reported to promote skin wound healing [ 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wound Healing Effect of Gintonin Involves Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling Pathway in Keratinocytes

Choi

Won

Lee

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Gintonin, a novel compound of ginseng, is a ligand of the lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor. The in vitro and in vivo skin wound healing effects of gintonin remain unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of gintonin on wound healing-linked responses, especially migration and proliferation, in skin keratinocytes HaCaT. In this study, 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide assay, Boyden chamber migration assay, scratch wound healing assay, and Western blot assay were performed. A tail wound mouse model was used for the in vivo test. Gintonin increased proliferation, migration, and scratch closure in HaCaT cells. It also increased the release of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in HaCaT cells. However, these increases, induced by gintonin, were markedly blocked by treatment with Ki16425, an LPA inhibitor, PD98059, an ERK inhibitor, 1,2-Bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid tetrakis (acetoxymethyl ester), a calcium chelator, and U73122, a PLC inhibitor. The VEGF receptor inhibitor axitinib also attenuated gintonin-enhanced HaCaT cell proliferation. Gintonin increased the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2 in HaCaT cells. In addition, gintonin improved tail wound healing in mice. These results indicate that gintonin may promote wound healing through LPA receptor activation and/or VEGF release-mediated downstream signaling pathways. Thus, gintonin could be a beneficial substance to facilitate skin wound healing.

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“…It is known that gintonin is an LPA receptor ligand and that LPA can increase VEGF release in various cell types [ 11 , 16 , 37 ]. Moreover, VEGF can be secreted by keratinocytes [ 22 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Wound Healing Effect of Gintonin Involves Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling Pathway in Keratinocytes

Choi

Won

Lee

et al. 2021

IJMS

Self Cite

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“…The gintonin-enriched extract (GEF) is comprised of a large proportion of gintonin, linoleic acid, phosphatidic acid (Pa), and other bio-reactive lysophospholipids. The unique feature of gintonin is that it uses G-protein-coupled LPA receptor signaling pathways by which gintonin induces a broad spectrum of hormetic dose responses that affect (1) human dermal fibroblast cell proliferation [123,124], (2) human/rabbit corneal cell repair [125], (3) modulation of the mouse blood brain barrier [126], (4) angiogenesis and wound healing using HUVEC models [127], (5) glycogenolysis and astrocyte preconditioning [128], and (6) beta-amyloid-induced dysfunction in mouse models via cholinergic stimulation of ACH release [129].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormesis and Ginseng: Ginseng Mixtures and Individual Constituents Commonly Display Hormesis Dose Responses, Especially for Neuroprotective Effects

Calabrese

2020

Molecules

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This paper demonstrates that ginseng mixtures and individual ginseng chemical constituents commonly induce hormetic dose responses in numerous biological models for endpoints of biomedical and clinical relevance, typically providing a mechanistic framework. The principal focus of ginseng hormesis-related research has been directed toward enhancing neuroprotection against conditions such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases, stroke damage, as well as enhancing spinal cord and peripheral neuronal damage repair and reducing pain. Ginseng was also shown to reduce symptoms of diabetes, prevent cardiovascular system damage, protect the kidney from toxicities due to immune suppressant drugs, and prevent corneal damage, amongst other examples. These findings complement similar hormetic-based chemoprotective reports for other widely used dietary-type supplements such as curcumin, ginkgo biloba, and green tea. These findings, which provide further support for the generality of the hormetic dose response in the biomedical literature, have potentially important public health and clinical implications.

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“…Topical application of GEF and minoxidil promoted hair growth in a dose-dependent manner. Histological analysis showed that GEF and minoxidil increased the number of hair follicles and hair weight [45].…”

Section: Activation Of Dermal Papillary Cell Proliferationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ginseng in Hair Growth and Viability

Mercedes¹,

Ruymán²,

Noelia³

et al. 2022

Ginseng - Modern Aspects of the Famed Traditional Medicine

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The hair follicle is the unique organ that has the capacity of undergoing cyclic transformations following periods of growth (anagen), regression (catagen), and rest (telogen) regenerating itself to restart the cycle. The dynamic capacity of hair to growth and rest enables mammals to control hair growth and length in different body side and to change their coats. Unlike what is observed in many animals in which the pelage synchronously passes from one phase of the cycle to other all stages of growth cycle are simultaneously found in the human pelage, the growth pattern is a mosaic where the hair cycling staging of one hair root is completely independent of it nearest hair follicle, meaning that each follicular unit (FU) can contain follicles in different stages at any given time. A variety of factors, such as nutritional status, hormones, exposure to radiations, chemotherapy or radiotherapy, environmental pollution or drugs may affect hair growth, and affects the number of hairs, this progressive hair loss has a cosmetic and social impact that often significantly affects social and psychological well-being of the patient that suffers from this hair loss. Although a number of therapies, such as finasteride and minoxidil, are approved medications, a wide variety of classes of phytochemicals and natural products, including those present in ginseng are being testing. The purpose of this chapter is to focus on study the potential of ginseng and its metabolites in hair loss.

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Effects of a gintonin-enriched fraction on hair growth: an in vitro and in vivo study

Cited by 14 publications

References 37 publications

Wound Healing Effect of Gintonin Involves Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling Pathway in Keratinocytes

Wound Healing Effect of Gintonin Involves Lysophosphatidic Acid Receptor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling Pathway in Keratinocytes

Hormesis and Ginseng: Ginseng Mixtures and Individual Constituents Commonly Display Hormesis Dose Responses, Especially for Neuroprotective Effects

Ginseng in Hair Growth and Viability

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