Effects of a Flavor-Placement Reversal Test after Different Modalities of Taste Aversion Learning

Mediavilla, Cristina; Molina, Filomena; Puerto, Amadeo

doi:10.1006/nlme.2000.3990

Cited by 11 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…These results are similar to those obtained in certain stressful situations (acute or chronic stress, emotionally arousing material, and even drug addiction), which induce implicit learning modalities (learned implicit behaviors) that promote stereotyped behaviors and may involve the participation of certain visceral pathways [54][55][56]. In fact, the LPBe constitutes one of the main central relays in the processing of visceral cues [1,[4][5][6], and specific lesions of this visceral brain subnucleus impair implicit but not explicit taste aversive learning [9][10][11]. Implicit learning requires time contiguity between stimuli, benefits from repetition, and the acquisition and retention process is rigid [9][10][11]57].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The external Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus (LPBe), located in the ventrolateral region of the Parabrachial Complex, has been related to the processing of taste [1,2] and visceral information [1,[3][4][5][6][7][8] which is essential to establish specific gustatory-visceral associations. Thus, this nucleus appears to participate in the development of taste aversion learning [9,10] and in taste preferences induced by intragastric administration of rewarding foods [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conditioned Taste and Place Preferences Induced by Electrical Stimulation of the External Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus: A General Reinforcing Mechanism?

Simon¹,

Cremades²,

Puerto³

2013

JBBS

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This study examined the stimulus specificity of external lateral parabrachial (LPBe) rewarding stimulation by using two identical learning procedures that may dissociate conditioned reinforcement to either the place or the flavor stimulus. Animals were presented with two distinct flavors in two different positions (left and right) that were varied throughout the experimental sessions. In the first experiment, LPBe stimulation was associated with one or other flavor, while in the second it was conditioned to one or other place in which these flavors were offered. The results show that, despite stimulus interferences, the animals develop specific conditioned preferences for the flavor stimuli (experiment 2A), and also for the place of their presentation (experiment 2B). These data are discussed in the context of brain reward systems and the biological constraints that characterize some learning modalities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditioned Taste and Place Preferences Induced by Electrical Stimulation of the External Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus: A General Reinforcing Mechanism?

Simon¹,

Cremades²,

Puerto³

2013

JBBS

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“…The hippocampus is known to be involved in spatial foraging (Baird Day et al 1999;Pravosudov and Clayton 2002), but it seems doubtful that spatial learning processes actually compete and interfere with chemosensory learning processes in our one-bottle instantiation of the CTA paradigm, at least not in the same way that spatial and habit learning processes interfere with each other when a rat must choose a lane in a radial arm maze (Poldrack and Packard 2003). It does not appear that rats use spatial information to ensure avoidance of a toxin even when that spatial information is the only viable cue (Mediavilla et al 2001). Still, perhaps the hippocampus' "attempt" to map spatial locations onto food sources interferes with the explicitly non-spatial task, in this case amygdalar learning of stimulus palatability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Hippocampal inactivation enhances taste learning

Stone¹,

Grimes²,

Katz³

2005

Learn. Mem.

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Learning tasks are typically thought to be either hippocampal-dependent (impaired by hippocampal lesions) or hippocampal-independent (indifferent to hippocampal lesions). Here, we show that conditioned taste aversion (CTA) learning fits into neither of these categories. Rats were trained to avoid two taste stimuli, one novel and one familiar. Muscimol infused through surgically implanted intracranial cannulae temporarily inactivated the dorsal hippocampus during familiarization, subsequent CTA training, or both. As shown previously, hippocampal inactivation during familiarization enhanced the effect of that familiarization on learning (i.e., hippocampal inactivation enhanced latent inhibition of CTA); more novel and surprising, however, was the finding that hippocampal inactivation during training sessions strongly enhanced CTA learning itself. These phenomena were not caused by specific aspects of our infusion technique-muscimol infusions into the hippocampus during familiarization sessions did not cause CTAs, muscimol infusions into gustatory cortex caused the expected attenuation of CTA, and hippocampal inactivation caused the expected attenuation of spatial learning. Thus, we suggest that hippocampal memory processes interfere with the specific learning mechanisms underlying CTA, and more generally that multiple memory systems do not operate independently.

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“…In fact, a previous comparison by our group between concurrent TAL and right/left placement aversion learning (using hypertonic sodium chloride) found that the animals learned the task with the former but not the latter procedure (30). Furthermore, when animals that had learned the concurrent TAL task underwent a taste reversal test, they were unable to correctly perform this new task and were also unable to maintain their reinforced position preference, which could be expected if they had learned the task by using spatial cues (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Furthermore, when animals that had learned the concurrent TAL task underwent a taste reversal test, they were unable to correctly perform this new task and were also unable to maintain their reinforced position preference, which could be expected if they had learned the task by using spatial cues (30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Learned flavor preferences induced by intragastric administration of rewarding nutrients: role of capsaicin-sensitive vagal afferent fibers

Zafra

Molina²,

Puerto³

2007

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Learned flavor preferences can be established after intragastric nutrient administration by two different behavioral procedures, concurrent and sequential. In a concurrent procedure, two flavored stimuli are offered separately but at the same time on a daily basis: one stimulus is paired with the simultaneous intragastric administration of partially digested food and the other with physiological saline. In sequential learning, the two stimuli are presented during alternate sessions. Neural mechanisms underlying these learning modalities have yet to be fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to examine the role of vagal afferent fibers in the visceral processing of rewarding nutrients during concurrent (experiment 1) and sequential (experiment 2) flavor preference learning in Wistar rats. For this purpose, capsaicin, a neurotoxin that destroys slightly myelinated or unmyelinated sensory axons, was applied to the subdiaphragmatic region of the esophagus to selectively damage most of the vagal afferent pathways that originate in the gastrointestinal system. Results showed that capsaicin [1 mg of capsaicin dissolved in 1 ml of vehicle (10% Tween 80 in oil)] blocked acquisition of concurrent but not sequential flavor preference learning. These results are interpreted in terms of a dual neurobiological system involved in processing the rewarding effects of intragastrically administered nutrients. The vagus nerve, specifically capsaicin-sensitive vagal afferent fibers, would only be essential in concurrent flavor preference learning, which requires rapid processing of visceral information.

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Effects of a Flavor-Placement Reversal Test after Different Modalities of Taste Aversion Learning

Cited by 11 publications

References 51 publications

Conditioned Taste and Place Preferences Induced by Electrical Stimulation of the External Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus: A General Reinforcing Mechanism?

Conditioned Taste and Place Preferences Induced by Electrical Stimulation of the External Lateral Parabrachial Nucleus: A General Reinforcing Mechanism?

Hippocampal inactivation enhances taste learning

Learned flavor preferences induced by intragastric administration of rewarding nutrients: role of capsaicin-sensitive vagal afferent fibers

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