Effects of a dietary antioxidant blend and vitamin E on fatty acid profile, liver function, and inflammatory response in broiler chickens fed a diet high in oxidants

Abstract

The aim of the current study was to determine the effects of a dietary antioxidant blend and vitamin E on fatty acid profile, inflammatory response, and liver function. Cobb 500 male broilers (n = 1,200, d 0) were randomly distributed into 6 treatments with 10 replicate floor pens. Treatments included (1) a high-oxidant diet, with vitamin E at 10 IU/kg, 3% oxidized oil, 3% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) source (HO); (2) the HO diet with vitamin E at 200 IU/kg (VE); (3) the HO diet with an antioxidant blend at 135 mg/kg (AOX); (4) the HO diet with both vitamin E at 200 IU/kg and an antioxidant blend at 135 mg/kg (VE+AOX); (5) standard control (SC); and (6) a positive control, which was the SC diet with an antioxidant blend at 135 mg/kg. The concentrations of 20:4, 20:5, 22:5, 22:6, and all the n-3 fatty acids were greater in the abdominal fat of HO, VE, AOX, and VE+AOX birds than SC and positive control birds on d 21 and 42 (P < 0.001). Compared with HO treatment, AOX and VE+AOX preserved the deposition of PUFA better (P < 0.001). The HO birds had greater concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase on d 21 and 42, and γ-glutamyl transferase on d 21, whereas AOX and VE+AOX chickens had restored γ-glutamyl transferase concentration (P < 0.01). The inflammation scores of abdominal fat of AOX and VE+AOX birds were lower than the HO on d 21 (P < 0.001). Compared with SC, the VE and VE+AOX birds exhibited greater vacuole scores on d 21 and 42 (P < 0.01). The lower vacuoles score in SC was associated with a greater expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor -γ and -α (P < 0.05). The expression of inflammatory genes in the liver did not differ among treatments. In conclusion, the AOX and AOX+VE diets were effective in preserving PUFA in the abdominal fat, moderately improved liver function, and reduced inflammation in fat.

Effects of exogenous tannase enzyme on growth performance, antioxidant status, immune response, gut morphology and intestinal microflora of chicks fed grape pomace

“…The greater plasma AST concentration in the Trial 3 and ALT in the Trial 4 relative to the other treatment may suggest hepatocellular necrosis by polyphenol compounds, which causes an increase in permeability of the cell membrane, resulting in the release of transaminase in the bloodstream. In agreement with the current results, Lu et al (2014) reported that plasma AST concentration in a high-oxidant diet with vitamin E level at NRC requirement of 10 IU/kg was greater on day 21 and 42 relative to the group that were fed standard control diet supplementation with vitamin E level at NRC requirement of 10 IU/kg. Khudiar & Aldabaj (2015) reported that grape seed oil (GSO) supplementation could alleviate hepatic changes induced in adult male rabbits by sodium fluoride as reflected by normalization of the measured liver function markers suggesting its potential hepatoprotective effect.…”

Effects of Different Dietary Rosmarinus Officinalis Powder and Vitamin E Levels on the Performance and Gut Gross Morphometry of Broiler Chickens

“…It is essential for the health of animals submitted to stressful rearing conditions, and it used as a feed additive in broilers diets (Khan et al, 2012;Lu et al 2014aLu et al , 2014b. However, Xiao et al (2013) suggested that there are functional redundancies between VitE and other natural compounds in broiler diets.…”

Dietary supplementation of pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium protects against oxidative stress and liver damage in laying hens fed an oxidized sunflower oil-added diet

“…These results indicate that lower dietary Vit E or α-tocopherol contents might not be the major reason for the depression of production performance in laying hens. Furthermore, depression of production performance was not obvious when the dietary oxidized oil was supplemented with PQQ.Na 2 in the current study, or with other antioxidant blends (ethoxyquin and propylgallate) in a previous study (Lu et al, 2014a). PQQ.Na 2 might act as an antioxidant to alleviate the adverse effects of thermally oxidized sunflower oil on the performance of laying hens.…”

“…A number of studies have shown that domestic animal production performance was depressed by dietary addition of oxidized lipids (Yue et al, 2011;Fontagné-Dicharry et al, 2014;Lu et al, 2014a and2014b;Rosero et al, 2015). The depression partly resulted from a reduced palatability of the rancid feed, leading to a lower feed intake .…”

“…Oxidative stress induced by lipid peroxidation products has been recognized as a central mechanism for the pathophysiologic effects of dietary oxidized oil (Ng et al, 2014). Birds are easily exposed to cumulative oxidative byproducts when oxidized oil is consumed, resulting in an impaired redox balance and depressed production performance (Lu et al, 2014a). In addition, the liver is the target organ for detoxication.…”