Effects of a diet based on the Dietary Guidelines on vascular health and TMAO in women with cardiometabolic risk factors

Abstract

Background and aims: Recent evidence links trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) to endothelial dysfunction, an early indicator of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine whether short-term consumption of a diet patterned after the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) would affect endothelial function, plasma TMAO concentrations, and cardiovascular disease risk, differently than a typical American Diet (TAD). Methods and results: An 8-wk controlled feeding trial was conducted in overweight/obese women pre-screened for insulin resistance and/or dyslipidemia. Women were randomized to a DGA or TAD group (n Z 22/group). At wk0 (pre-intervention) and wk8 (post-intervention) vascular age was calculated; endothelial function (reactive hyperemia index (RHI)) and augmentation index (AI@75) were measured using EndoPAT, and plasma TMAO was measured by LC-MS/ MS. Vascular age was reduced in DGA at wk8 compared to wk0 but TAD wk8 was not different from wk0 (DGA wk0: 54.2 AE 4.0 vs. wk8: 50.5 AE 3.1 (p Z 0.05), vs. TAD wk8: 47.7 AE 2.3). Plasma TMAO concentrations, RHI, and AI@75 were not different between groups or weeks. Conclusion: Consumption of a diet based on the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans for 8 weeks did not improve endothelial function or reduce plasma TMAO. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02298725.

Effects of Lean Pork on Microbiota and Microbial‐Metabolite Trimethylamine‐N‐Oxide: A Randomized Controlled Non‐Inferiority Feeding Trial Based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans

“…However, other explanation is possible and warrants further investigations since a study published while this paper was under review observed no TMAO change after a 2010 DGA-pattern diet. [57] Our results related to traditional CVD risk factors concur in part with three absence-of-superiority reporting that showed i) no blood pressure increase, [9] and ii) no triglyceride increase after pork intake. [58,59] Furthermore, the strong association between baseline TMAO of participants and their subsequent TMAO-response to both proteins, highlights that further investigation may reveal if individual microbiota-associated TMAOphenotypes may be used as an atherosclerosis risk-assessment marker or to customize dietary manipulations for reducing chronic disease burden.…”

“…However, other explanation is possible and warrants further investigations since a study published while this paper was under review observed no TMAO change after a 2010 DGA‐pattern diet. [ 57 ]…”

Cardiovascular risk of dietary trimethylamine oxide precursors and the therapeutic potential of resveratrol and its derivatives

“…Overweight/obese women prescreened for insulin resistance and/or dyslipidemia a Eight-week controlled feeding trial Did not improve endothelial function or reduce plasma TMAO [159] Seventy-eight patients that participated in the atrial fibrillation (AF) risk study b Two-week event recorder at baseline and 1-year follow-up…”

Changes in Choline Metabolites and Ceramides in Response to a DASH-Style Diet in Older Adults

“…Circulating concentrations of TMAO have drawn attention as a potential mediator or biomarker of diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, kidney disease, and cancer [88][89][90][91][92][93][94]. Various randomized controlled feeding trials and observational cross-sectional studies in which diet was assessed through FFQs or diet records report conflicting results on TMAO concentrations and associations with unfavorable disease outcomes in humans [95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105]. The conflicts can likely be attributed to differences in study designs and characteristics and metabolic profiles of the study population.…”