Effects of a combined intervention with a lentil protein hydrolysate and a mixed training protocol on the lipid metabolism and hepatic markers of NAFLD in Zucker rats

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of metabolic alterations characterized by central obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated plasma glucose, insulin resistance (IR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, a combined intervention of a lentil protein hydrolysate and a mixed training protocol was assessed in an animal experimental model of genetic obesity and metabolic syndrome. Thirty-two male obese and 32 lean Zucker rats were divided into eight different experimental groups. Rats performed a mixed exercise protocol or had a sedentary lifestyle and were administered a lentil protein hydrolysate or placebo. Daily food intake, weekly body weight gain, plasma parameters of glucose and lipid metabolisms, body composition, hepatic weight, total fat content and fatty acid profile, as well as gene expression of lipogenic and lipolytic nuclear transcription factors and their target genes were measured. Obese Zucker rats exhibited higher body and liver weight and fat content than did their lean counterparts. Such alterations were related to modifications in aerobic capacity, plasma biochemical parameters of glucose and lipid metabolisms, hepatic fatty acid profile and gene expression of nuclear transcription factors SREBP1c, PPARα, LXR and associated lipogenic and lipolytic enzymes. The interventions tested did not affect body weight gain but improved aerobic capacity, reduced hepatomegalia and steatosis associated with NAFLD and relieved the adverse effects produced by this condition in glucose and lipid metabolisms through the modulation in the expression of different genes involved in diverse metabolic pathways.

High oleic peanuts improve parameters leading to fatty liver development and change the microbiota in mice intestine

“…However, greater protein supplementation can affect carbohydrate and fat metabolism including NAFLD. Rosario Martínez et al showed such an effect using legume (lentil) (25). The unique fatty profile in the recently developed high-oleic varieties (D7) is similar to the olive oil profile.…”

Germination Improves the Polyphenolic Profile and Functional Value of Mung Bean (Vigna radiata L.)

“…Nevertheless, different extraction conditions may be implemented for this particular action on legume-derived functional products. In this sense, the protein hydrolyzates obtained after aqueous extraction at basic pH have been shown to exhibit an interesting polyphenolic profile and elevated mineral content [13,29]. Both of these are important features in the design of nutraceuticals that show strong bioactive potential and provide nutritionally essential elements at levels close to 10-15% of their Recommended Dietary Allowances with relatively low doses of the product.…”

“…High resolution mass spectrometry analysis was performed by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) coupled with a Quadrupole Time of Flight (QTOF) Mass Spectrometer (Synap G2, Waters, Milford, MA, USA) as previously reported by Martinez et al [ 29 ]. Briefly, the analytical separation of polyphenols was performed on an Acquity HSS T33 analytical column (100 mm × 2.1 mm internal diameter, 1.8 μm; Waters, Milford, MA, USA) with a mobile phase that consisted of a gradient formed by combining deionized water with 0.5% of acetic acid as solvent A, and acetonitrile with 0.5% of acetic acid as solvent B.…”

Aerobic interval exercise improves renal functionality and affects mineral metabolism in obese Zucker rats

“…Several alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism have been described related to the development of metabolic syndrome in the obese Zucker rat experimental model. In this sense, we previously described impaired glucose tolerance associated with hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia as well as hypertriglyceridemia in these animals (19,20,32), which could lead to diabetic nephropathy. The diabetic nephropathies are described as kidney injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting kidney glomerulus, arterioles, tubules, and the interstitium, including clinical signs as persistent proteinuria, from microalbuminuria progressing to albuminuria, leading to reduced glomerular filtration rate and end-stage renal disease.…”