Effects of a Closed Space Environment on Gene Expression in Hair Follicles of Astronauts in the International Space Station

Terada, Masahiro; Seki, Masayuki; Takahashi, Rika; Yamada, Shin; Higashibata, Akira; Majima, Hideyuki J.; Sudoh, Masamichi; Mukai, Chiaki; Ishioka, Noriaki

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0150801

Cited by 18 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“… 9 Therefore, additional insight into GPX1 and other oxidative defense mechanisms may serve as a guiding principle for establishing nutritional requirements to ensure health safety and performance of the crew during human exploration of space. 9 , 18 When we compared these transcriptomic findings from blood samples to a previously published study using hair samples, 6 we did not find similarities in the genes that were differentially regulated pre- and post flight, which could be due to a variety of experimental differences, including sample source (whole blood versus hair follicles) and mission duration (10–13 days in the present study compared with ~6 months in the study by Terada et al 6 ).…”

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confidence: 49%

“… 7 High variability was also observed in gene-expression studies using astronaut hair follicles. 6 We found six transcripts that displayed significant ( P <0.05) changes in expression in the crew in response to spaceflight when compared with pre-flight levels ( Table 1 ). Two additional differentially regulated transcripts were identified following outlier removal.…”

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confidence: 93%

“…Targeted spaceflight-associated changes in cytokine and antibody expression have been previously reported for astronauts, 1–3 and more recently Terada et al reported the effects of spaceflight on hair follicle gene expression in astronauts. 6 To evaluate the potential impact of the spaceflight environment on molecular pathways mediating cellular stress responses, we performed a first-of-its-kind pilot study to assess spaceflight-related changes in the expression of stress-response genes in the whole blood of astronauts in response to spaceflight.…”

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Spaceflight modulates gene expression in the whole blood of astronauts

et al. 2016

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Astronauts are exposed to a unique combination of stressors during spaceflight, which leads to alterations in their physiology and potentially increases their susceptibility to disease, including infectious diseases. To evaluate the potential impact of the spaceflight environment on the regulation of molecular pathways mediating cellular stress responses, we performed a first-of-its-kind pilot study to assess spaceflight-related gene-expression changes in the whole blood of astronauts. Using an array comprised of 234 well-characterized stress-response genes, we profiled transcriptomic changes in six astronauts (four men and two women) from blood preserved before and immediately following the spaceflight. Differentially regulated transcripts included those important for DNA repair, oxidative stress, and protein folding/degradation, including HSP90AB1, HSP27, GPX1, XRCC1, BAG-1, HHR23A, FAP48, and C-FOS. No gender-specific differences or relationship to number of missions flown was observed. This study provides a first assessment of transcriptomic changes occurring in the whole blood of astronauts in response to spaceflight.

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Spaceflight modulates gene expression in the whole blood of astronauts

et al. 2016

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“…Space flight is one of the most extreme conditions encountered by humans. The combined effect of factors such as radiation, microgravity, hypodynamia, and isolation disturb homeostatic systems and affect a majority of physiological systems [1,2]. The factors associated with hypogravity during a prolonged space flight leads to the restructuring of all body systems, towards a new level of functioning, which includes a decrease in bone and muscle tissue, the redistribution of bodily fluids, and a number of other physiological changes that cannot be accompanied by changes in the regulation of vital activity, including gene expression and protein synthesis [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteome Profiling of the Exhaled Breath Condensate after Long-Term Spaceflights

Kononikhin

Brzhozovskiy

Ryabokon

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Comprehensive studies of the effects of prolonged exposure to space conditions and the overload experienced during landing on physiological and biochemical changes in the human body are extremely important in the context of planning long-distance space flights, which can be associated with constant overloads and various risk factors for significant physiological changes. Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) can be considered as a valuable subject for monitoring physiological changes and is more suitable for long-term storage than traditional monitoring subjects such as blood and urine. Herein, the EBC proteome changes due to the effects of spaceflight factors are analyzed. Thirteen EBC samples were collected from five Russian cosmonauts (i) one month before flight (background), (ii) immediately upon landing modules in the field (R0) after 169–199 days spaceflights, and (iii) on the seventh day after landing (R+7). Semi-quantitative label-free EBC proteomic analysis resulted in 164 proteins, the highest number of which was detected in EBC after landing (R0). Pathways enrichment analysis using the GO database reveals a large group of proteins which take part in keratinization processes (CASP14, DSG1, DSP, JUP, and so on). Nine proteins (including KRT2, KRT9, KRT1, KRT10, KRT14, DCD, KRT6C, KRT6A, and KRT5) were detected in all three groups. A two-sample Welch’s t-test identified a significant change in KRT2 and KRT9 levels after landing. Enrichment analysis using the KEGG database revealed the significant participation of detected proteins in pathogenic E. coli infection (ACTG1, TUBA1C, TUBA4A, TUBB, TUBB8, and YWHAZ), which may indicate microbiota changes associated with being in space. This assumption is confirmed by microbial composition analysis. In general, the results suggest that EBC can be used for noninvasive monitoring of health status and respiratory tract pathologies during spaceflights, and that the obtained data are important for the development of medicine for use in extreme situations. Data are available from ProteomeXchange using the identifier PXD014191.

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“…One particular environment that presents numerous physiological challenges to animals and their microbiomes is spaceflight. 4–8 During spaceflight, the reduction in gravity, or microgravity, can have widespread health impacts to the host including bone loss, alterations to the genome, neurovestibular, and immune systems. 9–13 In particular, animal immune systems are highly dysregulated and host–microbe interactions have now been shown to play a significant role in maintaining healthy immune function during spaceflight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional profiling of the mutualistic bacterium Vibrio fischeri and an hfq mutant under modeled microgravity

et al. 2018

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For long-duration space missions, it is critical to maintain health-associated homeostasis between astronauts and their microbiome. To achieve this goal it is important to more fully understand the host–symbiont relationship under the physiological stress conditions of spaceflight. To address this issue we examined the impact of a spaceflight analog, low-shear-modeled microgravity (LSMMG), on the transcriptome of the mutualistic bacterium Vibrio fischeri. Cultures of V. fischeri and a mutant defective in the global regulator Hfq (∆hfq) were exposed to either LSMMG or gravity conditions for 12 h (exponential growth) and 24 h (stationary phase growth). Comparative transcriptomic analysis revealed few to no significant differentially expressed genes between gravity and the LSMMG conditions in the wild type or mutant V. fischeri at exponential or stationary phase. There was, however, a pronounced change in transcriptomic profiles during the transition between exponential and stationary phase growth in both V. fischeri cultures including an overall decrease in gene expression associated with translational activity and an increase in stress response. There were also several upregulated stress genes specific to the LSMMG condition during the transition to stationary phase growth. The ∆hfq mutants exhibited a distinctive transcriptome profile with a significant increase in transcripts associated with flagellar synthesis and transcriptional regulators under LSMMG conditions compared to gravity controls. These results indicate the loss of Hfq significantly influences gene expression under LSMMG conditions in a bacterial symbiont. Together, these results improve our understanding of the mechanisms by which microgravity alters the physiology of beneficial host-associated microbes.

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Effects of a Closed Space Environment on Gene Expression in Hair Follicles of Astronauts in the International Space Station

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Spaceflight modulates gene expression in the whole blood of astronauts

Spaceflight modulates gene expression in the whole blood of astronauts

Proteome Profiling of the Exhaled Breath Condensate after Long-Term Spaceflights

Transcriptional profiling of the mutualistic bacterium Vibrio fischeri and an hfq mutant under modeled microgravity

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